derma Flashcards
(265 cards)
1
Q
superficial, elevated, palpable lesion less or equal to 0.5cm; more than 0.5 cm
A
Papule/Plaque
2
Q
circumscribed color change without elevation or non palpable depression
A
Macule/Patch
3
Q
like a papule but containing fluid
A
Vesicle/Bulla
4
Q
dew drop vesicle
A
Chicken Pox
5
Q
palpable, solid, deeper than papule; more than 0.5cm
A
Nodule
6
Q
pale red, palpable, superficial lesion, evanescent, disappearing in 1-2 days. From edema in the papillary layer of the dermis. Allergy
A
Wheal
7
Q
like vesicle, only with purulent exudate as the fluid
A
Pustule
8
Q
an elevated lesion, fluid filled
A
Blister
9
Q
depressed lesion with loss of surface epithelium
A
Ulcer
10
Q
mixture of scale and serum- yellowish accretions on the surface of a lesion
A
Crust
11
Q
non raised red-brown non blanchable lesions - Dengue fever
A
Petechiae
12
Q
epidermal hyperplasia, colon CA
A
Acanthosis
13
Q
premature keratinization of cells below stratum granulosum
A
Dyskeratosis
14
Q
outer, waterproof, protective layer. Melanocytes and keratinocytes
A
Epidermis
15
Q
collagen and elastin for toughness and elasticity
A
Dermis
16
Q
subcutaneous tissue, mainly fat. Padding, blood supply
A
Hypodermis
17
Q
horney cell layer
A
stratum corneum
18
Q
basal cell layer
A
stratum germinativum
19
Q
goose bumps
A
arrector pili muscle
20
Q
body odor
A
apocrine, eccrine, sebaceous
21
Q
Simple, coiled, tubular
A
sweat gland
22
Q
A beta hemolytic strep, S aureus, or combo. Spread through close contact
A
Impetigo Contagiosa
23
Q
Mild itching and soreness followed by eruption of small vesicles and pustules that rupture and crust
A
Impetigo Contagiosa
24
Q
Generally develops in body folds that are subject to FRICTION
A
Impetigo Contagiosa
25
Infection of hair follicle that results in pustule formation - Staph aureus
Furunculosis (boils)
26
Inflammation of hair follicle resulting 2nd blockage of apocrine gland
Hidradenitis Suppurativa
27
Begins as small papule that develop into deep dermal inflammation
Hidradenitis Suppurativa
28
Avoid use of antiperspirants, deodorants and shaving creams
Hidradenitis Suppurativa
29
Use medicated soaps and systemic antibiotics
Hidradenitis Suppurativa
30
Desquamation of keratinocytes within pilosebaceous unit, increased sebum production, proliferation of Propionibacterium acnes
Acne vulgaris
31
1st treatment line of Acne vulgaris
Topical retinoid
32
2nd treatment line of Acne vulgaris
Salicylic acid
33
Imflammation disease of hair follicle and sebaceous glands, sex hormone contributes
Acne vulgaris
34
whiteheads, blackheads, flesh or red colored papules, pustures or cysts
Acne vulgaris
35
Chronic Acneform disorder of middle aged and older adults; period of exarcebation and remission
Acne Rosacea
36
Vascular dilation of the central face(nose, cheek, eyelids, and forehead) Facial Erythema, Telangiectasias
Acne Rosacea
37
Increased in hot or spicy food, drinking alcohol, temperature extremes and emotional reaction
Acne Rosacea
38
Atopic, Varicose, Irritant contact dermatitis eg ring, Nummular
Eczema
39
arises from direct skin exposure to an substance. Allergic or irritant
Allergic contact dermatitis
40
Most common sensitizer of allergic contact dermatitis
plant oleoresin urushiol in poison ivy, oak, sumac
41
Dermatographism
Urticaria
42
a type of allergic contact dermatitis
nickel dermatitis
43
type of hypersensitivity reaction
Type 4
44
Test for allergic contact dermatitis
patch test
45
How long does allergic contact dermatitis take
72 hours
46
Genetic factors plays a role
Psoriasis
47
Reddish papules that progress to plaque and progress to yellowish white scaly condition that tends to be located on the elbow, knees, trunk, genitalia, and umbilicus
Psoriasis
48
Mgt psoriasis that also modifies antireumatic drug
methotrexate
49
Additional mgt for psoriasis
glucocorticoids and kerolytic agents
50
symmetrically distributed plaques involving the scalp, extensor elbows, knees and back
Plaque psoriasis
51
abupt appearance of multiple small psoriatic lesions
Guttate psoriasis
52
most severe form of psoriasis; erythema, scaling, sheets of superficial pustules with erosion
Pustular psoriasis
53
Intetriginous area
Inverse psoriasis
54
More severe, need dermatologist, need oral therapy
erythrodermic and pustular psoriasis
55
erythema multiforme (mucous membrane involvement)
Steven Johnson syndrome
56
number one reason for SJS
Sulfonamides (Co-trimoxazole)
57
number two reason for SJS
Anticonvulsants(phenytoin, phenobarbital, carbamazepine)
58
Another reasons for SJS
Allopurinol, Trimetoprin Sulfa
59
Rodent Ulcer
Basal cell carcinoma
60
Pearly papules. Palisading nuclei
Basal cell carcinoma
61
Treatment of Basal cell carcinoma
excision
62
Basal cell carcinoma features
sun exposed area, whipcord edge, central ulceration, locally invasive only, slow growing, danger near eyes
63
Keratin pearls
Squamous cell carcinoma
64
area of repeated trauma, chronic non healing wound
Marjolin's ulcer
65
Treatment of Squamous cell carcinoma
excision
66
Features of Squmous cell carcinoma
Poorly defined edge, presistent scaly patch, metastasize, non pigmented, sun exposed area, nodular
67
Melanoma in women area
legs
68
Melanoma in men area
back
69
Features of melanoma
asymmetry, varied pigments, change in shape or coulour or size, bleeding itching, satellite lesions
70
Progenosis of melanoma
depends of depth
71
Cure of Melanoma
early excision
72
Can Melanoma spread
Yes spreads easily
73
locally invasive
Basal cell carcinoma
74
May metastasize
Squamous cell carcinoma
75
non usually pigmented
Squamous cell carcinoma
76
varied pigment
Melanoma
77
Whipcord edge
Basal cell carcinoma
78
persistent scaly patch
Squamous cell carcinoma
79
Asymmetry
Melanoma
80
Danger near eye
Basal cell carcinoma
81
Poorly defined edge
Squamous cell carcinoma
82
central ulceration
Basal cell carcinoma
83
bleeding, itching, change in shape, colour or size
Melanoma
84
Most common type of melanoma
Superficial spreading
85
What is precursor lesion
Dysplastic nevus
86
What are the two classification used for prognosis of melanoma
Clack and Breslow classification
87
Kawasaki rash resembles what
measles
88
Kawasaki previously known as
mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome
89
morbillform, maculopapular (red patch and bumps)
Kawasaki
90
1st most common vasculitis
Henoch
91
2nd most common vasculitits
Kawasaki
92
Skin peeling and periungual desquamation
Kawasaki
93
Most serious complication of Kawasaki
coronary artery ds/ aneurysm
94
txt of cad
aspirin
95
aspirin don't give to febrile child due to
Reye's syndrome
96
txt of kawasaki
IVIG
97
Kawasaki fever lasts
more or equal to 5 days.
98
Marked irritability
child
99
How does skin of extremities affected
erythema, swelling, desquamation
100
How is the eye affected in Kawasaki fever
Bilateral conjunctivitis
101
Inflammation of lips, mouth and or tongue
Strawberry tongue.
102
Strawberry tongue found also in?
Scarlet fever
103
Cervical Lymphadenopathy unilateral or bilateral
unilateral
104
7 yr itchy rash and fever for 1 day, feels unwell. Blisters on red base. New lesions are still appearing. Dx?
Chicken pox
105
whats another name for chicken pox
varicella
106
when is varicella infectious?
from 1 to 2 days before rash develops, until after last lesion scaps over
107
Thin vesicle with honey colored crusting
Impetigo
108
etiology of impetigo
Staph or strep
109
how is impetigo spread
contact from fingers, towels, clothing
110
whats treatment for impetigo
topical antibiotics, severe infection needs oral
111
rash appears as small, dome shaped yellow pustules with hair shaft in the center
folliculitis
112
as a result of contact/plugging with oil, dirt, sweat
folliculitis
113
etiology of folliculities
staph
114
deep or superficial infx of hair follicle (barbae, hot tub)
folliculitis
115
deep extension of superficial folliculities into the dermis and subcutaneous tissue
furuncle boils
116
cause of furuncle
staph
117
1-5cm red/tender nodule with pus
furuncle boils
118
treatment of furuncle simple lesion
warm compress
119
treatment of furuncle severe lesion
drainage and antibiotics
120
large deep abscess that is a progression of furuncle
carbuncle
121
size 3-10cm
carbuncle
122
associated symptoms of carbuncle
fever and chills
123
treatment of carbuncle
drainage and antibiotics
124
acute inflammation of skin
cellutitis
125
redness, swelling, warmth and tenderness of affected area within 1-2 days of injury
cellutitis
126
etilogy of cellulitis
staph or strep, complication of wound and trauma
127
border of cellutitis
defined and change rapidly
128
Super bug caused by staph
methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus
129
treatment of mrsa
vancomycin
130
risks factor of mrsa
recent hospitalization, long term care, recent antibiotic use, young age, contact sports, sharing towel,
131
most severe staph scaled skin syndrom
Ritter's syndrom
132
Splitting of the skin destruction of basal layer
exfoliating toxin
133
itchy red bown scaling annular plaque expands peripherally in extremities and trunk
tinea corporis
134
vesicles/erosion on the soles of the foot and between toes
tina pedis athlete foot
135
athlete foot txt
antifungal cream/powder (micronazole), keep feet dry
136
red brown scaling plaque with snake like border
tinea cruris tinea of groins
137
another name of tinea cruris
jock itch
138
red/scaly rash on inner thighs/inguinal creases on buttock, no scrotum or labia. Common in obese, athlete
tinea cruris tinea of groins
139
dark lines between fingers and toes, body flexures, nipples and genitalia.
scabies
140
excoriation, pustules and papules caused by itching tends hide true cause
scabies
141
extreme nocturnal itching (tunnels and lays egg)
scabies
142
mgt of scabies
permethrin 5%
143
treat itching
topical corticosteroids
144
other mgt of scabies
washing of bedding and cloths
145
rash 2-4 days after prodrome, 14 days after exposure, maculo papular becomes confluent, begins on face and head. Persists 5-6 days. Fades in order of appearance.
measles
146
etiology of varicella
herpes virus DNA
147
primary infection results in varicella
chicken pox
148
recurrent infection results in
herpes zoster(shingles)
149
txt of varicella
acyclovir
150
dew drop rose petal
varicella
151
incubation of varicella
14-16 days (10-21 days range)
152
mild prodrome of varicella
1-2 days
153
predilection fo varicella
appear first on head; most concentrated on trunk
154
sccessive crops of pruritic vesicles
2-4 days
155
Hallmark of varicella rash
vesicular lesions
156
series of varicella
macules-maculopapular-vesicular-crusting-scab formation
157
predilection of varicella
lesions first on scalp, face or trunk. At any point in time lesion in various stages are observed
158
clear papules c superficial ulcerations/erosions
Herpes Simplex
159
What types of herpes simplex
viral infection either type 1 or type 2
160
treatment of herpes simplex
oral antiviral acyclovir
161
predilection in wrestler
herpes gladiatorum
162
predilection in lips
herpes labialis
163
reactivation of varicella virus
herpes zoster(shingles)
164
varicella zoster associatios
aging, immunosupression,intrauterine exposure, varicella at
165
reactivation of varicella virus
shingles
166
another name for varicella virus
Chicken pox
167
painful rash, prickly nerve pain along dermatomal distribution
herpes zoster(shingles)
168
Usual demartome location
thoracic dermatome
169
treatment of herpes zoster
symptomatic pain, calamine lotion, carbamazepine, gabapentin
170
Herpes virus 6
Roseola infantum
171
Roseola infantum timing
non seasonal but peaks during summer
172
Roseola infantum age
peak age 7 to 13 months (virtually all cases in less than 2 years)
173
Mild illness in children; adults may have arthralgia and arthritis
erythema infectiosum
174
etilogy of erythema infectiosum
parvovirus B19
175
OB complication of parvovirus
intrauterine infection - fetal hydrops, fetal death, miscariage, no congenital malformation associated
176
Hallmark sign of erythema infectiosum
slapped cheek appearance and circumoral pallor
177
how does this rash happen in erythema infectiosum?
rash, erythematous, maculopapular on trunks and limbs -> fluctuation in intensity of rash, pruritic over extensors (1-3 weeks)
178
Where does it goes pruritic?
extensor?
179
how does extensor look like?
lace like pattern on the extensor surface of arm
180
how can you diagnose?
clinically
181
treatment of erythema infectionsum
no specific anti viral drug
182
for chronic infection in immunodeficient patient what treatment?
IVIG
183
When is erythema infectiosum the most infectious?
before illness onset
184
when is erythema infectiosum the least infectious?
after onset of rash
185
maculopapular rash starts as petechia rash on ankles and wrist and then spreads to the trunk, palms, soles and face in a centripetal rash
rocky mountain spotted fever
186
what is the vector
tick: dermacentor
187
mode of action of tick
invades endothelial lining of capillaries and vasculitis
188
where does the rash start?
ankles and wrist
189
where does it spread?
trunk, palms, soles and face
190
in what fasion does it spread
centripetal rash
191
in what day does the rash start
day 6
192
what is the etiology agent of syphilis
treponema pallidum
193
how is it transmitted
sexually
194
how many stages does syphilis have?
3 stages
195
what is the first stage of syphilis?
classic chancre.
196
whats the characteristic of the classic chancre?
1-2 cm ulcer with raised indulated border
197
how is the pain scale?
usually painless
198
where does the painless happen
occurs at site of innoculation
199
how does it heal
heals spontaneously
200
premalignant lesions that develop only on sun damaged skin
actinic keratoses (ak)
201
how does ak appear?
patches of hyperkeratosis
202
how does the surrounding look like?
with some surrounding erythema on sun exposed area
203
where do you see this the most?
head and neck, forearm and hands and upper back
204
vesicular bullous eruptions of palms and soles
Pemphigus syphiliticus
205
what is the general name of pemphigus syphliticus
early congenital syphilis
206
what is the characteristics of skin for pemphigus syphiliticus
desquamation
207
what are the other associated symptoms of pemphigus syphiliticus
bony lesion, osteochondritis, periostitis, pseudoparalysis
208
what are the lesions found in the eye
chorioretinitis, salt and pepper fundus
209
where do you eight nerve deafness, interstitial keratitis, hutchinson teeth
late congenital syphilis
210
what is the triad of hutchinson's triad
eighth nerve deafness, interstitial keratitis, hutchinson's teeth
211
what is the joint lesion for late congenital syphilis
clutton's joint
212
what is facial lesions for late congenital syphilis
frontal bossae of parrot, short maxilla, saddle nose
213
what is the wrong with the mandible in late congenital syphilis
relative protuberant mandible
214
what's wrong with the extremities in late congenital syphilis
saber shin
215
what's wrong with the teeth in late congenital syphilis
hutchinson's teeth and Mulberry molars
216
what is the hutchingson's triad
eighth nerve deafness, interstitial keratitis, hutchinson's teeth
217
what is vesicular bullous eruption of palms and soles and where do u see that
pemphigus syphiliticus and early congenital syphilis.
218
normal reticulated mottling of the skin caused by vascular response to cold
Cutis marmorata harlequin color change in newborn
219
thrombocytopenia and eczema
wiskott aldrich
220
malar rash - butterfly rash
SLE
221
Heliotrope rash
dermatomyositis
222
dermatomyositis associated with
breast cancer
223
helitrope rash associated with
periorbital eyelids
224
shagreen patch and ash leaf spot and adenoma sebaceum
tuberus sclerosis
225
tuberus sclerosis presents with
epilepsy
226
spider cells
rhabdomyoma
227
portwine stain v1 -v2-v3 presents with brain tumor
surge weber syndrome
228
long arm of chromosome 17
von recklinghousen disease
229
von recklinghousen disease associated with
neurofibromatosis 1 and lisch nodule
230
lesions on langer's line
pityrisiasis rosea
231
loss of melanocytes
vitiligo
232
moa of loss of melanocytes
autosomal, neurohumoral, self destruction by melanocytes
233
absense of melanin; lack of defect in tyrosinase/ tyrosine hydroxynase
albinism
234
immunodeficiency and albanism
chediak higashi
235
depletion of melanosomes in keratinocytes. Fungal infection
pityriasis vesicolor
236
melanocytes lives where
stratum basale/ germinativum
237
hypopigmentations
vitiligo,albanism, chediak higashi, pityriasis vesicolor
238
hyperpigmentation
freckles, melasma, lentigo
239
worst form ? Balness
alopecia areata
240
boiled lobster appearance and sand paper rash
Scarlet fever
241
etiology of scarlet fever
strep pyogenes
242
strep pyogenes belongs to what group
group A
243
rheumatic fever
erythema nodosum
244
iris lesion
erythema multiforme
245
nocturnal itching
scabies
246
scabies official name
sarcoptes scabie
247
drug of choise of scabies
permethrine
248
koplik's spot
measles
249
koplik's spot location
oppsite the 2nd molar tooth, near the stensen duct
250
measles associated symptoms
cough, colds, conjuntivitis
251
black eschar and malignant pustule
cutaneous anthrax
252
wool sorter's disease
pulmonary anthrax
253
hot tub folliculitis
pseudomonas aeroginosa
254
itchyma gangrenosum
pseudomonas aeroginosa
255
bull's eye/ target lesion
lime disease
256
erythema chronicum migrans
borrelia brugdoferi.
257
etiology of borrelia
ixodes tick- anthropod vector
258
blue berry muffin rash
congenital rubella
259
herman's rash
hemorragic dengue fever
260
vascular response to cold in new born
harlequin rash
261
coxsackie A
hand foot mouth disease
262
purpuric ezcema
langerhan's histiocytosis
263
birbeck granules
tenis racket apperance
264
purpuric ezcema , birdbeck granule
langerhan's histiocytosis
265
malasezzia furfur
tinea vesicolor
