Dermatitis Flashcards
(24 cards)
What is contact dermatitis
Type of eczema occuring following exposure to causative agent
Presentation of contact dermatitis
Dry, painful, pruritic skin rash, blistering and fissuring
Where is contact dermatitis usually located
On hands in an asymetrical distribution, usually more on dominant hand
Types of contact dermatitis
Irritant contact dermatitis, allergic contact dermatitis.
When does irritant contact dermatitis occur
Repeated exposure to irritant such as metals, solvents or detergents.
Those affected by irritant contact dermatitis
Anyone after exposure, but more common in those with underlying skin condition causing weakened barrier
What is allergic contact dermatitis
Type IV hypersensitivity reaction
Who is affected by allergic contact dermatitis
Occurs in minority who have become sensitised to an allergen such as metals, rubber or plastics.
Management of contact dermatitis
Emollient creams and topical corticosteroids
What is seborrhoeic dermatitis
Common dermatitis affecting areas of skin rich in sebaceous glands
Who is seborrhoeic dermatitis most common in
Young adults and elderly
Presentation of seborrhoeic dermatitis
Ill-defined, greasy, flaky scales on erythematous backgorund
Areas affected by seborrhoeic dermatitis
Sebum rich areas such as nasolabial folds, posterior auricular skin and scalp
Cause of seborrhoeic dermatitis
Thought to be caused by inflammatory reaction to proliferation of Malassezia furfur (yeast on skin). Some genetic factors of extent of reaction
Risk factors for development of seborrhoeic dermatitis
Family history, oily skin, immunosuppression, neurological and psychiatric diseases, stress.
How is seborrhoeic dermatitis managed in adults
Zinc pyrithione shampoo, ketoconazole shampoo or cream, short course of topical corticosteroid
What is infantile seborrhoeic dermatitis
‘Cradle cap’ diffuse, yellow, greasy scales with no underlying erythema.
Management of infantile seborrhoeic dermatitis
Topical emoiliant, commonly olive oi.
What is atopic dermatitis
‘Eczema’
Presentation of atopic dermatitis
Dry skin and flares of erythematous, poorly demarcated patches that are itchy.
Common areas affected in infants by eczema
Cheeks
Common areas affected by eczema in adults and older children
Flexures such as elbow and knees
NICE diagnosis for atopic dermatitis
Itchy skin and 3/5 of:
Visible flexural eczema.
History of flexural eczema.
History of dry skin.
History of asthma or allergic rhintis.
Onset of <2 years
Complications of atopic dermatitis
Eczema herpeticum, superficial bacterial infection, erythroderma, side effects of topical corticosteroids.
