Dermatological Pathologies Flashcards

Question

Keloid

Answer 1

(secondary lesion) - Obvious & prominent raised scar tissue (i.e. post acne scar)

Answer 2

An inflammatory of skin - Contact: caused by direct contact with an allergen - Actinic: caused by exposure to sunline or another irritating light source

Answer 3

- Redness - inflammation - itching - lesion of rash

Answer 4

- Cleanse area - avoid triggers - ice - corticosteroid creams - oral corticosteroids - antihistamines

Answer 5

Most common inflammatory disease - chronic dermatitis that consists of erythema, scales, and vesicles

Answer 6

- red, swollen, itchy skin - tiny red vesicles - thickened, cracked, crusty, or scaly skin

Answer 7

Hormone Care: - ice, corticosteroid cream, light therapy Meds: - oral corticosteroids, antihistamines, immunimodoulators

Answer 8

- A genetic, chronic, and recurring disorder that begins in childhood - scaling, papular infection - can lead to psoriatic arthritis that affects the interphalangeal joints of the fingers and toes

Answer 9

Salivary white plague surrounded by erythema (extensor surfaces, scalp, fingers, gluteal folds)

Answer 10

- moisturizes, corticosteroid cream, retinol cream, salicylic acid cream, light therapy - Meds: anthralin (normalizes DNA activity) & Retinoids (reduces skin cell production)

Answer 11

A chronic skin disorder which affects the central facial area (most often affects fair-skinned people who blush easily) Triggers: - sun, stress, hot weather, wind, alcohol, heavy exercise

Answer 12

Early stages: - redness of nose, cheeks, chin, or forehead Later stages: - visible blood vessels, swelling, or skin eruptions similar to acne Advanced: - nose may become enlarged and bulbous (rhinophyma)

Answer 13

- Prescription gels or creams (ClinaMax) - antibiotics to treat swelling/redness (erythromycin) - laser treatment of visible blood vessels

Answer 14

Staph infection that is resistant to certain antibiotic treatment -

Answer 15

- begins as small, pimple-like lesion or abrasion then becomes inflamed and painful - red and sometimes purple - may contain pus - surrounding skin is warm to touch - fever

Answer 16

easily treatable in early stages but can lead to death if left untreated - Aspiration - tetracycline meds - hospitalization

Answer 17

avoid touching infected skin or contaminated objects & proper hygiene

Answer 18

Acute bacterial infections (typically at site of previous wound

Answer 19

- redness, swelling, and warmth at site of infection - systemic (fever & malaise) - looks like the skin of an orange - Cellulitis (raised red plaque takes days to develop) - Erysipelas: superficial, raised, red plaque

Answer 20

- antibiotics - incision & drain

Answer 21

Bacterial infection of hair on the face, chest, axilla, buttocks, groin, and legs - most caused by shaving with a razor, friction from sports equipment, excessive perspiration, and hot tubs

Answer 22

cluster of small/tender/red papules or bumps in the hair follicles with a hair shaft within the papule

Answer 23

topical or oral antibiotics, warm saline compress and aspiration, wash area multiple times a day with antibacterial soap, change razors after each use

Answer 24

A collection of pus that can arise anywhere on the body

Answer 25

- painful swollen bump - redness - skin warmth

Answer 26

- incision and drainage - antibiotics

Answer 27

a furuncle, or boil, is a walled-off abscess containing pus that usually develops in a pre-existing site of folliculitis - usually occur at sites of trauma or friction

Answer 28

- painful pea-sized red bump - increases in size over a few days - may develop a white tip of pus

Answer 29

- warm compress followed by incision and drainage - antibiotics

Answer 30

collection of several coalescing furuncles, such as MRSA

Answer 31

- commonly occurs where sebaceous and sweat glands are located - equally common in both males and females during the adolescent years (caused by overproduction of oil and the buildup of bacteria)

Answer 32

- small raised bumps - whiteheads or blackheads - skin tenderness - papules/pustules/deep cysts

Answer 33

- benzoyl peroxide - salicylic acid - topical prescriptions - light/laser therapy - microdermabrasion - antibiotics - oral contraceptives

Answer 34

- rare, but serious bacteria that causes tissue death - aka "flesh-eating bacteria" - caused by streptococcus bacteria that grows and released toxins that directly kill cells, occludes blood flow to tissues, and spreads quickly

Answer 35

- starts as small, red, painful bump - becomes quick growing painful bronze or purple patch - center of tissue may turn black - may have fluid discharge - flu-like symptoms - shock

Answer 36

(fatal if not treated) - IV antibiotics - skin grafts - limb amputation - hyperbaric oxygen therapy

Answer 37

Extremely contagious with more than 80 types - HSV-1: herpes labialis, herpes gladiatorum - HSV-2: sexually transmitted genital herpes Commonly affects the mouth, lips, fingers, and genitals - Transmission: infected saliva and direct skin-to-skin contact

Answer 38

- blisters or ulcers with redness - enlarged lymph nodes

Answer 39

- shower with antibacterial soap - wash towels and uniforms daily - antiviral medications with increased fluid intake

Answer 40

- cold sore - fever blister - triggered by exposure to sun, emotional stress - reporting tingling or burning prior to apperance

Answer 41

- commonly affects wrestlers - open wounds necessary to occur - presents with clustered vesicular lesions on erythematous base - systemic symptoms: fever, chills, sore throat, headache, malaise, myalgia, regional lymphadenopathy

Answer 42

Athletes cannot participate in contract sports until: - they are asymptomatic - no new lesions are found for 3 days - they take antiviral meds for 5 days - there is a firm, adhered crust on each lesion

Answer 43

Spread through direct skin contact

Answer 44

- white, pinkish, skin-colored dome-shaped papule - center dimple - individual or group lesions

Answer 45

- destruction of papules - topical agents - NCAA requires papules to be curetted or removed and covered with gas permeable dressing

Answer 46

Caused by viral infection, specifically by one of the many types of HPV - majority are harmless - they spread through skin-to-skin contact and occur at sites of abrasive trauma

Answer 47

- small, painless growth - can become rough, flat, callused lesions - sone have small black dots in the middle from coagulated blood

Answer 48

- OTC creams - liquid nitrogen - salicylic acid - HPV Gardasil vaccine

Answer 49

- Transmitted through direct skin-to-skin contact - fungus develops in dark, humid, damp conditions

Answer 50

RW of the body

Answer 51

RW of the scalp

Answer 52

RW of the nails

Answer 53

- circular rash that is red and inflamed around the edges - itchy - slightly raised/scaly skin

Answer 54

- OTC antifungal creams - shower daily - clean towels/clothes - oral antifungals

Answer 55

athletes may return to contact activities after 3 days of treatment, but the rash must be completely covered by adhesive dressing

Answer 56

Tenia Cruris affects the skin of the inner thighs, buttocks, and genitals - most common in men - caused by friction from sweating of clothing and is spread through direct contact or sharing infected towels of clothes

Answer 57

- itching and redness in groin area - burning sensation - scaly rash

Answer 58

- OTC antifungal cream/powder/spray - wear loos fitting clothes - dry off completely after showering - oral antifungals

Answer 59

Tinea Pedis develops in moist areas around toes

Answer 60

dry, scaly, itchy, red lesions between and around toes

Answer 61

- OTC creams and powders - oral antifungal meds

Answer 62

- Tenia Versicolor is not contagious and found mostly on the trunk, groin, arms, neck, and mouth in high humidity climate - yeast is naturally occurring in the skin but can cause infection in warm.moist places

Answer 63

- multiple small, round, scaly patches - white, brown, or pink - may or may not itch

Answer 64

- OTC antifungal shampoo, lotion, cream with selenium sulfide for 7 days - oral antifungals

Answer 65

- pediculosis (capitis) - tiny insects that live on the scalp and feed on human blood - multiply quickly by laying eggs at the base of the hair shafts - spread by: close contact with infected person & sharing combs, towels, hats, and clothes

Answer 66

- intense itching - small red bumps on scalp - tiny white specks at base of hair follicle

Answer 67

- OTC 1% permethrin shampoos and lotions - remove eggs with metal fine-toothed comb - wash all clothes and bed linens - vacuum floor and furniture - recheck for live every 2-3 days for 2 weeks after treatment

Answer 68

- infestation of small mites that burrow into the skin and deposit eggs (eggs mature in 21 days) - spread by skin-to-skin contact and sharing infested clothes/bed linens - commonly seen on the hands, wrists, fingers, genitals, and abdomen

Answer 69

-small red bumps - itching - thin/pencil-mark lines

Answer 70

- 5% permethrin cream - wash clothes, towels, and linens - vacuum floor and furniture

Answer 71

- small, oval, brownish insects that love on the blood of animals or humans - they are active mainly at night and feed by piercing the skin and withdrawing blood through an elongated beak

Answer 72

initially painless red sports on any area of the body, become itchy welts over time

Answer 73

- treat symptoms - remove/clean all linens - clean mattress/pillow/carpet - exterminator

Answer 74

- often result in pain, redness, and swelling, blistering Spider bites: - brown recluse: blistering, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, chest pain - black widow: more systemic; abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, chest pain

Answer 75

depends on bug species

Answer 76

occurs during or shortly after exposure to heat or overheating

Answer 77

- itching/burning/tingling/warmth/irritation of the skin - wheezing - high core temp

Answer 78

- limit strenuous exercise/stressful environments - antihistamines

Answer 79

Cold - exposure to cold Solar - exposure to UV light

Answer 80

hives lasting for 1-3 hrs after removal of stimulus

Answer 81

- antihistamines - avoid triggers - proper clothing

Answer 82

allergic reaction to an oily resin that is on the leaves, stems, or roots of poison ivy, oak, or sumac

Answer 83

- redness - itching - blisters - swelling

Answer 84

- natural resolution in 2-3 weeks - oral corticosteroids - calamine lotion - cool-water bath or shower

Answer 85

Basal cell carcinoma: - look like open sores, red patches, pink growths, shiny bumps, or scars Squamous cell carcinoma: - scaly red patches, open sores, elevated growths with central depression, or wards - may crust or bleed

Answer 86

- surgical removal - electrodesiccation - cryotherapy - topical chemotherapy - Mohs micrographic surgery: traditional cancer treatment if metastasized

Answer 87

- melanoma arises from melanocytes - found in stratum basal, eye, inner ear, meninges, heart, and bone

Answer 88

Superficial Spreading: - 70% of melanomas, asymptomatic brown or black macule with irregular borders, does not have tobe sun-damage and my grow from an existing mole Nodular: - most common melanoma in fair-skinned individuals, bluish-black/reddish-pink nodule on sun-exposed skin, grows deeper into skin

Answer 89

- excision - lymph node treatment - chemotherapy - chemo/radiation/immunotherapy/biochemotherapy/molecular target therapy

Dermatological Pathologies Flashcards

(113 cards)