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MSK 2 > Dermatology > Flashcards

Dermatology Flashcards

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1
Q

Eczema appears as

A

Spongiosis and may progress to a lichenified stage

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2
Q

Types of eczema

A

Atopic dermatitis
Allergic contact dermatitis
Irritant contact dermatitis
Stasis dermatitis

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3
Q

Features of AD

A

Dennie-Morgan folds
Allergic salute
Periorbital darkening
Keratosis pilaris
Xerosis
Pityriasis alba
Post inflammatory hypo/hyperpigmentation
Palmoplantar hyperlinearity

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4
Q

Intracellular edema in epidermis

A

Spongiotic dermatitis
Acute> subacute> chronic
Perivascular chronic inflammation +/- eosinophils

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5
Q
A

Spongiosis

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6
Q

Complications of AD

A
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7
Q

Allergic contact dermatitis is a Type _ reaction

A

4 delayed hypersensitivity

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8
Q

Irritant contact dermatitis symptoms

A

Burning and pain

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9
Q

Allergic contact dermatitis symptoms

A

Very itchy

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10
Q

Latex allergy

A

Type 1 hypersensitivity reaction
Urticaria
Cross reactants: banana, avocado, chestnut, kiwi, passion fruits

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11
Q
A

Poison ivy/ poison oak

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12
Q

Patch testing is used for

A

Type 1 hypersensitivity reactions
RAST testing (IgE antibodies)
Prick testing

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13
Q
A

Stasis dermatitis (medial side) due to venous valvular insufficiency

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14
Q
A

Cellulitis
Bacterial infection of deep dermis and subcutaneous tissue
MSSA, MRSA, strep pyogenes

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15
Q

Papulosquamous disorders

A

Conditions characterized by erythema or viola cells coloration and scale
Well demarcated
(Psoriasis, seborrheic dermatitis, nummular dermatitis, pityriasis rosea, lichen planus, tinea corporis, secondary syphilis)

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16
Q
A

Psoriasis
Caused by genetic predisposition and environmental triggers

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17
Q

Other kinds of psoriasis

A
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18
Q
A

Psoriasis
Parakeratosis
Diminished granular layer
Thickening of epidermis

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19
Q
A

Psoriasis
Neutrophils in epidermis

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20
Q
A

Seborrheic dermatitis
Caused by Malassezia furfur
Associated with HIV, Parkinson’s disease, mood disorders
Yellow, flaky greasy scale

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21
Q
A

Lichen planus
Increased risk for SCC
May be associated with HCV
5 P’s (papules, purple, polygonal, puritic, peripheral)

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22
Q
A

Lichen planus
Dense band like lymphocytic infiltrate along dermoepidermal junction

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23
Q
A

Lichen planus

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24
Q
A

Pityriasis Rosea
Associated with HHV-6 and HHV-7
Begins as herald patch
Christmas tree distribution

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25
Measles
Cephalocaudal spread Koplik spots on buccal mucosa Conjunctivitis, cough, congestion
26
Rubella
cephalocaudal spread Red macules on soft pallet Arthritis
27
Roseola
Rash starts as fever subsides red macules on uvula/soft palate High fever, febrile seizures
28
Pemphigus foliaceous Autoantibody to desmoglein 1 Subcorneal No mucosal involvement Corn flake scale Intraepidermal blister Lacks tombstoning + immunoflourescence for IgG and C3
29
Pemphigus vulgaris Autoantibody to desmoglein 1 and 3 Flaccid vesicles + nikolsky sign Severe musosal involvement + immunoflourescence for IgG and C3 Tombstoning
30
Pemphigus vulgaris Intraepidermal blister
31
Bullous pemphigois Autoimmune blistering disease BP180 and BP230 Tense bullae
32
Bullous pemphigoid Sub-epidermal blister Esinophil predominant Linear IgG and C3 basement membrane staining
33
Dermatitis herpetiformis Subepidermal blistering caused by gluten sensitivity IgA antibodies to transglutaminase Puritic papules on extensor surfaces
34
Dermatitis herpetiformis Neutrophils collect in papillary dermis IgA in basement membrane staining
35
Porphyria cutanea tarda Subepidermal blister with no inflammatory infiltrate
36
Porphyria cutanea tarda Subepidermal blister
37
Tinea versicolor Spaghetti and meatballs
38
VZV Nuclei with margination of chromatin
39
Molluscum contagiosum
40
Erythema multiforme Drug eruption HSV triggered Targetoid or iris-like papules on palms, face, extremities Vascular change
41
SJS Frequent medications + nikolisky sign
42
Erythema multiforme
43
Keratinocyte cell death Detachment of epidermis from dermis
44
Epidermoid cyst
45
Pilar cyst
46
Seborrheic keratosis
47
Melanoma in situ
48
Actinic Keratosis Caused by UV Erythematous macule/papule with gritty scale
49
Actinic Keratosis Hyperkeratosis Elastic fiber damage
50
Squamous cell carcinoma in situ Erythematous/scaly macule/papule
51
Squamous cell carcinoma in situ
52
Invasive squamous cell carcinoma Erythematous scaly papules and plaques
53
Invasive squamous cell carcinoma
54
Keratoacanthoma Rapidly growing crateriform lesions Non-aggressive
55
Basal cell carcinoma Pink pearly papule with rolled borders and broad telangiectasias Mutated PTCH
56
Nevoid basal call carcinoma syndrome AD PTCH Multiple basal cell carcinomas, jaw cysts Skin tags in children
57
Xoderma pigmentosum AR XPA NER caused skin cancer Increased sensitivity to UV radiation
58
Merkel Cell Carcinoma Neuroendocrine carcinoma San damaged skin Merkel cell polyomavirus associated
59
Poorly differentiated Resembles small cell carcinoma of lung Closely packed cells with scant cytoplasm CK20+
60
Skin adnexal tumors
Arise from cutaneous appendages (sweat glands, hair follicle, sebaceous glands
61
Spiradenoma/cylindroma Sweat gland neoplasms
62
Cylindroma Basaloid nests Mutations in CYLD Brooke-Speigler syndrome
63
Tricheoepithelioma Tumor of germinative hair follicle
64
Trichilemmoma Skin colored tumor originating from root sheath of hair follicle Associated with Cowden syndrome (PTEN, 85% of women get breast cancer, colon polyps )
65
Sebaceous adenoma and sebaceoma
66
Sebaceous carcinoma Non-description erythematous papules rapidly enlarge and ulcerate Extra facial involvement associated with Muir-Torre syndrome (variant of lynch syndrome, AD mutation in MSH2) Defects in DNA mismatch repair Micro satellite instability
67
Micro cystic Adnexal carcinoma Locally aggressive Erythematous, indurated plaque/papule commonly on perioral
68
Dermatofriboma On legs Flesh colored, pink, hyperpigmented firm papulonodule Associated with insect bites, nicks while shaving
69
Dermatofibroma
70
Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans CD34+ T(17;22) COL1A1-PDGF beta
71
Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans Extensive infiltrates in dermis/subcutis
72
Neurofibroma associated with Neurofibromatosis type 1 AD mutation in NF1
73
Neurofibroma bland spindle cells with wavy curvilinear nuclei Some mast cells Pale eosinophils
74
Cherry angioma
75
Infantile hemangioma
76
Angiosarcoma Post radiation after breast cancer
77
78
Mycosis Fungoides CD4+ helper T cell Sezary syndrome (blood involvement, severe puritis)
79
Mycosis fungoides
80
Solar Lentigo Sun damage Precursor of seborrheic keratoses Darken with UV exposure Melanoma in situ
81
Lentigo simplex Not induced or darkened by UV exposure
82
Lentigo Simplex
83
Melanocytic nevus
Caused by BRAF V600E or NRAS mutations Can be various different types
84
Congenital melanocytic nevus NRAS mutation
85
86
Halo nevus
87
Halo nevus
88
Blue nevus Mutations in GNAQ and GNA 11
89
Blue nevus Proliferation of dendritic melanocytes
90
Spitz nevus HRAS mutation
91
92
Pigmented spindle nevus NTRK gene fusion
93
Dysplasitic nevus Sporadic nevus marked as markers of melanoma
94
Actual Lentiginous melanoma Common in darker skin
95
Mucosal melanoma
Lips Genitals
96
Lentigo maligna
“Sunspots” that have been there forever
97
Melanoma mutations
CDKN2A BRAF NRAS KIT TERT PTEN
98
Melanoma growth phases
Radial- lateral extension along epidermis Low risk of metastasis Vertical- more invasive
99
Breslow thickness
Used for prognosis

MSK 2 (6 decks)

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