Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

GP FELLOWSHIP RNZGP > Dermatology > Flashcards

Dermatology Flashcards

(106 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Melasma Management (options)

A
  1. Kligman’s formula: gold standard (hydroquinone, tretinoin & dexamethasone ) BD 3 weeks
  2. Hydroquinone 2% BD 2-4 months
  3. Topical Tretinoin 0.025% daily
  4. Cease hormonal contraception
  5. Sun safety (spf 50+)

NOTE: NO LASER

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Nodular cancery looking lesion on ear

A

-Squamous cell carcinoma
-Keratoacanthoma
-Nodular BCC
-Nodular melanocytic melanoma
-Chondrodermatitis nodularis helicis
-Atypical fibroxanthoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Mild Acne topical options

Mainly comedomal with some inflammatory pustules

A

Benzoyl peroxide plus adapalene 2.5%/0.1% gel daily 6 weeks
Increase to 2.5%/0.3% if not effective but tolerated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Mild acne options topical

Not much inflammation

A

Adapalene 0.1% up to 0.3% gel daily 6 weeks

tretinoin 0.025% daily 6 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Oral acne agents

A

Doxycycline 50mg daily but can increase to 100mg daily

Minocycline 50mg daily

COCP with cyproterone formulation

Spironolactone (alternative or addition to COCP) NOTE: contraindicated in pregnancy 25mg up to 100mg daily

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Counselling for isotretinoin

A
  • Teratogenic, must be on contraception
  • Sun sensitivity: must use SPF and avoid sun exposure
  • Causes skin dryness (mucosal surfaces eg lips, nose- nose bleeds)
  • May cause myalgia and joint stiffness
  • Tetracyclines contraindicated due to intercranial hypertension
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Intertrigo DDx

A

Tinea Cruris

Erythrasma

Flexural psorasis

Seborrheic dermatitis

Candidiasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Advantan fatty ointment generic name?

A

Methylprednisolone aceponate 0.1%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Antihistamine example

A

Loratadine 10mg daily

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Allergy (allergic contact dermaitis management)

A

Advantan FO (methylprednisolone aceponate) daily

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Best combo for mild acne:

1) mostly comedomal
2) Inflammatory acne
3) both

A

1) Peroxide & retinoid
Benzoyl peroxide & Adapalene (2.5% & 0.1-3%)

2) Use a combo with Clindamycin in it
Eg Benzoyl peroxide and clinda (5%/1%)

3) retinoid plus clind
Tretinoin 0.025%& Clinda 1%

All nocte 6 weeks then review

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Pityriasis rosea

A

HHV6-7
young adults

Herald patch - looks like ringworm
Then fir tree pattern of eruption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Topical therapy for tinea

A

Terbinafine 1% daily or BD for 7-14 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Oral therapy for tinea

A

Terbinafine 250mg daily for 2 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Shingles pharmacology

A

Valaciclovir 1g TDS 7 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Single most likely diagnosis

A

Erythema Multiforme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Causes of Erythema Multiforme

A

Infections: HSV, mycoplasma pneumonia, TB

Medications: Penicillins, anti-epileptics

Malignancy: hodgkins disease

Systemic: SLE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Erythema Multiforme Treament

A

Betamethasone dipropionate 0.05% daily for 2 weeks
(diprosone /eleuphrat)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Diagnosis?

A

Keratosis pilaris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Diagnosis

A

Sebaceous hyperplasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Very/ultra potent topical steroid examples

A

Betamethasone dipropionate (0.05%) in optimised vehicle (diprosone OV)

Clobetasol propionate (0.05%)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Potent topical steroid examples

A

Betamethasone dipropionate 0.05% (diprosone, eluphrat)

Methylprednisolone Aceponate 0.1%
(advantan) *** some say just moderate

Mometasone furoate 0.1%
(Elocon, mometasone)

Betamethasone valerate 0.05-0.1%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Differentials

A
  • Venous stasis dermatitis/eczema
  • Lipodermatosclerosis
  • Irritant/allergic contact dermatitis
  • Lymphoedema
  • pre-tibial myxoedema
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Erythema Multiforme Causes

A
  • Infection: Herpes simplex virus
  • Neoplastic: Hodgkin’s disease
  • Medications: penicillins, sulphonamides
  • Systemic disease: lupus
  • Idiopathic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Erythema Multiforme treatment
- Emolient - Remove trigger - Potent topical corticosteroid: Betamethasone dipropionate 0.05% daily for 2 weeks
26
Pruritis general causes
- Renal failute (uraemia) - Hyperbilirubinaemia, cholestasis - Diabetes - Thyroid disease (hypo/er) - IDA - Psychogenic - Hyperparathyroidism - Malignancy - lung, brain, colon - Haematological malignancy (lymphoma) - Paraneoplastic syndrome - MS - Scabies
27
Impetigo in endemic settings (2 first line agents)
Bactrim: Trimethoprim + Sulfamethoxazole (4+20 mg/kg up to 160+800) BD 3 days OR benzathine benzylpenicillin IM stat 0.6ml to 2.3mL for >20kg
28
Psoriasis on trunk and limbs stepwise treatment
LPC (Liqor picis carbonis) 4-8% + salicylic acid 3% BD 1 month Acute flare, tar not enough Methylpresnisolone aceponate 0.1% daily Not responding 3 weeks Betamethasone Dipropionate 0.05% daily Also can use Calcipotriol & betamethamethasone (Daivobet )
29
What am I and what would you treat it with
A) Seborrheic dermatitis B) Hydrozole
30
More severe seborrheic dermatitis treatment
Methylprednisolone aceptonate 0.1% CREAM daily
31
Pruritis steroid of choice for a) trunk b) face
a) Betamethasone valerate 0.02% BD 2 weeks b) hydrocort 1% BD 2 weeks
32
Chicken pox contact: when to give vaccine
>1 yr & <5 days since exposure Or household contacts of immunodeficient contacts
33
What am I ?
Fixed drug eruption
34
Neonatal cephalic pustulosis (neonatal acne) treatment
Self limiting but if appearance a concern then - Clotrimazole 1% BD or Ketoconazole 2% BD
35
What am I ? How old would I be (typically) ? How to treat ?
Infantile acne 3-4 months Topical Benzoyl peroxide 2.5%, topical clindaymycin
36
Onychomycosis treatment
Terbinafine 250mg daily until clinical clearance
37
Flexural psoriasis treatment
Advantan FO daily until clear (no longer than 2 weeks if in nappies)
38
Causes of intertrigo
- Flexural psoriasis - Seborrheic dermatitis - Atopic dermatitis - Candiasis - Erythrasma - Tinea cruris
39
Causes of erythema nodosum
Drugs - COCP - NSAIDS - Amox Inflammatory - IBD - Sarcoidosis - Lymphoma Infectious - Strep - TB - Chlamydia Pregnancy
40
Erythema nodosum treatment
IF SEVERE - prednisolone 25mg daily for 2 weeks then taper
41
Granuloma annulare treatment
SELF LIMITING BUT - If persistent for months - tender - Interferes with function Betamethasone dipropionate 0.05% BD 4-6 weeks
42
What am I ?
Oral hairy leukoplakia
43
Hyperhydrosis management (step wise)
1) Topical antiperspirant (Aluminium chlorohydrate) daily 2) Iontophoresis ** 3) Anticholinergics 4) Botox ***(contraindicated with pacemakers)
44
Vitiligo Treatment
Betamethasone dipropionate 0.05% daily 3 months **if on face & small areas Pimecrolimus 1% BD 3 months
45
What am I?
Annular erythema
46
Perioral dermatitis treatment
1) Ivermectin 1% topically daily 2) Doxycycline 50mg Daily for 8 weeks
47
Scabies treatment (pharm)
Permethrin 5% cream neck down overnight OR Ivermectin orally (if over 15kg and NOT safe in pregnancy or breastfeeding)
48
Scabies when to return to school
After two treatments (1 week apart) are complete
49
What am I ?
Dermatofibroma
50
Scalp Seborrheic Dermatitis (initial and then if not responding)
Antiyeast shampoo eg Nizoral (ketoconazole) 2% twice a week ADD Betamethasone Dipropionate 0.05% lotion at night for 7 nights If scale? Consider adding: 1) Coal tar 1% to above if thick scale 2) LPC 3%/3%
51
DDX for shingles rash
- HSV - Allergic contact dermatitis - Folliculitis - Insect bites - Pyoderma gangrenosum (less likely)
52
What am I
Keratosis Pilaris
53
How to treat keratosis pilaris
Urea 10% cream daily ADD salicylic acid 3% in sorbelene cream daily Adapalene 0.025%
54
Keratoacanthoma recommended excision margin
3-5mm
55
Psoriasis: what other comorbid condition are you thinking about
Cardiovascular
56
PSORIASIS: triggers
ACEi NSAIDS Smoking Stress obesity Lithium pregnancy
57
Scalp psoriasis management
Potent Topical streroid LOTION then step up to very potent Scale: LPC (2%) and salicylic acid 2% Switch between
58
Nail psoriasis treatment
Daivobet (calcipotriol & betamethasone)
59
Erythrasma treatment
Fusidate sodium 2% ointment topically (fucidin) BD for 2 weeks No more than 2 weeks
60
Tinea corporis treatment
Terbinafine 1% daily of BD for 7-14 days
61
Tinea Capitus management
- Referral to Dermatologist - Terbinafine 250mg daily for 4 weeks
62
Tinea Capitus complication
Kerion
63
Flexoral Seborrheic Dermatitis treatment
Hydrocortisone 1% clotrimazole 1%
64
Spa Folliculitis pharmacology
Ciprofloxacin (covering pseudomonas)
65
Scabies advice and non pharmacological treatment
Repeat treatment in 7 days Treat family members and close contacts Wash bedding in hot water and seal in plastic bag for 8 days
66
What am I?
Dermatitis herpetiformis
67
What am I ?
Perniosis
68
Treatment of Chillblains (perniosis)
- Potent topical corticosteroid BD - If severe: then GTN ointment OR Nifedipine
69
What am I ?
Herpetic Whitlow
70
What Am I?
Cutaneous Lichen Planus
71
What am I?
Pittyriasis Versicolor Miconazole 2% shampoo
72
What am I?
Pyogenic granuloma
73
Cryotherapy caution
Hyperpigmentation (usually temporary) Hypo-pigmentation (often permanent)
74
Pygenic granuloma treatment
- Cryotherapy - Curettage - Imiquimod - surgical excision - Ablative laser therapy - watchful waiting
75
Periorificial dermatitis (OR rosacea) 1st line treatment (pharmacological) Then if fails what next?
Ivermectin 1% cream or metronidazole Doxycycline 50-100mg daily - 3-8 weeks
76
Alopecia areata managmnet
betamethasone dipropionate 0.05% LOTION daily
77
What am I?
Sebaceious hyperplasia
78
What am I ?
Superficial BCC
79
Imiquimod better for which skin cancer
BCC
80
Superficial low risk BCC management options
- Excison (3-5mm margin) - Double freeze thawing cryotherapy - Imiquimod (aldara ) cream - photodynamic therapy
81
What am I?
Lentigo meligna
82
What am I?
Blue naevi
83
What am I... In an adult what is the concern
Spitz naevi (kind looks like pyogenic granuloma) In children not a concern In an adult very difficult to distinguish from melanoma
84
What am I?
Solar lentigo
85
What am I?
Ink spot lentigo
86
What am I ? How to treat
Grover's disease Betamethasone valerate 0.02%
87
Treatment of Rosacea (imflammatory pustules and papules) a) First line b) Second line
a) Topical Ivermectin 1% b) Doxcycline 50mg daily for 8 weeks but often longer
88
What am I ?
Granuloma annulare
89
2 major differentials for pytriasis rosea
Secondary syphilis Guttate psoriasis
90
What am I ? How to treat & counselling points
Pityriasis versicolor Treatment: Ketoconazole 2% shampoo daily 5 days Fluconazole orally if fails Pigmentation changes might persist Avoid excessive sweating
91
What are some differentials (4)
Venous congestion causing lipodermatosclerosis Post thrombotic syndrome Pre-tibial Myxoedema (Graves)
92
What am I ? What treatment is NOT recommended?
Pyoderma Gangrenosum Do not debride.... Just needs rheumatologist to immunosupress
93
"Smelly foot"
Pitted keratolysis Treat with Topical Clindamycin
94
What am I ?
Fibroepithelial polyp
95
Female pattern Hair loss (FPHL) vs telogen effluvium a) time frame b) pattern
- Timeframe FPHL- more than 4 months TE- 3-4 month post stressor - Pattern FPHL- more frontal TE- diffuse
96
Features of female pattern hair loss (FPHL)
- Preserved frontal hair line - Loss of terminal hairs in frontal scalp - Normal density in occipital region - Widening of central part (christmas tree pattern) - Negative hair pull test - Normal scalp
97
Treatment of female pattern hair loss
Minoxidil (Score:1) Spironolactone (Score:1) Cyproterone acetate (Score:1)
98
What am I
Digital Myxoid cyst
99
Erythema nodosum treatment
- Bed rest - Compression - Elevation - NSAID IF severe then Prednisone 25mg for 14 days then taper
100
4 Main types of dressing categories
- Hydrogels: eg solosite wound gel add moitsure - Films Eg opsite (think c section cover) Neutral - Hydrocolloids Eg Comfeel Low to moderate exudate (OPEN wounds) - Absorbent fibres/ foams eg kaltostat Absorb exudate
101
What am I ? What to do ?
Pearly penile papules Reassure
102
Cervical lesion.. what is it ?
Nabothian cyst Reassure
103
Treatment options for Pyogenic Granuloma
- Curettage and cautery - Surgical excision - Ablative laser therapy - Cryotherapy - Watchful waiting
104
What am I ?
Fordyce spots
105
Acitinic Keratosis treatment
Cryotherapy Flourouracil 5% cream daily for 2-4 weeks on face 3-6 weeks on limbs imiquimod 5% topically 3 times per week on non-consecutive days for 4 weeks
106
Oral candidiasis treatment
Miconazole 2% gel 2.5mL QID 7-14 days

GP FELLOWSHIP RNZGP (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions