Dermatology

Question 1

Cavity filled w/pus

Answer 1

Abscess

Question 2

Substance, usually protein, that causes an immune response in reaction to its presence

Answer 2

Allergen

Question 3

Hair loss

Answer 3

Alopecia

Question 4

A dz condition in which the body makes antibodies against its own cells, resulting in their destruction

Answer 4

Autoimmune

Question 5

Referring to the hormonal system of the body

Answer 5

Endocrine

Question 6

Abnormal draining tract origination from within the dermis or hypodermis

Answer 6

Fistula

Question 7

A microbial condition within the tissue

Answer 7

Infection

Question 8

Parasitic condition on the skin surface

Answer 8

Infestation

Question 9

Complex tissue reaction caused by traumatic, infectious, neoplastic, or autoiummue dz thats characterized by redness, heat, pain, and loss of function

Answer 9

Inflammation

Question 10

Small, raised, inflamed lesion within the epidermis

Answer 10

Papule

Question 11

Itchiness

Answer 11

Pruritis

Question 12

Small, raised, pus-filled lesion within the epidermis; pimple

Answer 12

Pustule

Question 13

Immunotherapy AKA:

Answer 13

allergy shots

Question 14

More effective if started prior to illness; must perform allergy testing first; owner will administer vaccine on a specific schedule, vaccine is specific for that pet

Answer 14

Immunotherapy

Question 15

Suppresses immune system; Cyclosporine most common form; more costly than steroids; monitor liver function

Answer 15

Immunosuppressive agents

Question 16

6 types of antibiotics:

Answer 16

1. Cephalexin;
2. Clavulanic Acid/Amoxicillin;
3. Enrofloxacin;
4. Neomycin;
5. Gentamicin;
6. Mupirocin

Question 17

1 derm antibiotic; good against Staph, inexpensive, tablet, liquid or capsule; vet brand- Simplicef

Answer 17

Cephalexin

Question 18

Common derm antibiotic; broad spectrum, more costly than cephalexin, tablet or liquid; vet brand-Clavamox

Answer 18

Clavulanic Acid/Amoxicillin

Question 19

Flouroquinilone antibiotic; broad spectrum; generally expensive, reserved for severe infections, injectable, oral or otic forms; only give once a day in cats at low dose; vet brand- Baytril

Answer 19

Enrofloxacin

Question 20

Aminoglycoside antibiotic; good against Staph bacteria, toxic orally, common topical drug; skin and ears; vet brands- Panalog, Tresaderm, Animax

Answer 20

Neomycin

Question 21

Aminoglycoside antibiotic; can be nephrotoxic, good against Staph, used topically; skin & ears, ointment, drops and sprays availiable; vet brands- Otomax, Gentaved Spray, Malotic

Answer 21

Gentamicin

Question 22

Good against Staph and yeast; topical use; antibiotic

Answer 22

Mupirocin

Question 23

3 antifungals:

Answer 23

Miconazole; clotrimazole; Fluconazole, Itraconazole

Question 24

Topical ointment or shampoo, good for ringworm, yeast; antifungal

Answer 24

Miconazole

Question 25

Topical ointment, shampoo, or otic form, good for yeast, ringworm; vet brands- Otomax, Malotic; antifungal

Answer 25

Clotrimazole

Question 26

Oral antifungals for systemic or widespread infections

Answer 26

Fluconazole, Itraconazole

Question 27

2 types of antipruritics/Anti-inflammatory drugs:

Answer 27

Antihistamines; steroids

Question 28

Decrease pruritis, cause sedation, oral and topical forms, commonly used drugs are Diphenhydramine, Hydroxazine, Cyproheptadine

Answer 28

Antihistamines

Question 29

Injectable, oral or topical, SE include immunosuppression, elevated liver enzymes, iatrogenic Cushings, steroids vary in potency; commonly used drugs are: prednisolone, dexamethasone, hydrocortisone, betamethasone

Answer 29

Steroids

Question 30

5 types of antiparasitics

Answer 30

1. Ivermectin; 2. Fipronil; 3. Imidacloprid; 4. Selamection; 5. Lufenuron/Milbemycin Oxime

Question 31

Oral or injectable, derm uses include demodex, scabies, ear mites, lice; check heartworm test first, do not use in herding breeds (Collies) also good for intestinal parasites

Answer 31

Ivermectin

Question 32

Topical or spray, used for fleas, flea larvae, ticks, chewing lice, sarcoptes, chyletiella

Answer 32

Fipronil

Question 33

Topical, good for adult fleas, many variations of this product exist, check labeling for uses

Answer 33

Imidacloprid

Question 34

Topical, good for fleas, ear mites, sarcoptes, ticks, also good for heart worm and intestinal parasites

Answer 34

Selamectin

Question 35

Oral, good for flea eggs, also heart worm and intestinal parasites, does not kill adult fleas

Answer 35

Lufenuron & Milbemycin Oxime

Question 36

Heart guard is used specifically for:

Answer 36

heartworms; intestinal parasites

Question 37

B.S antimicrobial, non irritating, kills yeast @ high concentration; shampoo

Answer 37

Chlorhexidine

Question 38

Antimicrobial, removes exudate, increase concentration;shampoo

Answer 38

Iodine

Question 39

Antimicrobial, antipruritic, follicle flushing, keratplytic, antiseborrheic; shampoo

Answer 39

Benzoyl Peroxide

Question 40

Soothing, antipruritic; shampoo

Answer 40

Oatmeal

Question 41

Keratolytic, keratoplastic;shampoo

Answer 41

Salicylic acid

Question 42

Same as SA, antimicrobial, anti inflammation, anti parasitic (increased concentration);shampoo

Answer 42

Sulfur

Question 43

Antipruritic, keratoplastic, preferred for degreasing;shampoo

Answer 43

Tar

Question 44

Mild local anesthetic, antipruritic; shampoo

Answer 44

Pramoxine

Question 45

Sprays, ear meds, and shampoos-antipruritic, anti inflammatory;shampoo

Answer 45

Corticosteroids

Question 46

Used as a dip, yeast fungus, bacteria and parasites;shampoo

Answer 46

Lime Sulfur

Question 47

Also a dip, used for demodex, flammable, can be irritating and may cause sedation; shampoo

Answer 47

Amitraz

Question 48

Pus in the skin; any purulent skin dz; AKA: skin infection

Answer 48

Pyoderma

Question 49

Etiology of pyoderma

Answer 49

staphylococcus; almost always infection is secondary to another primary cause

Question 50

Underlying factors of pyoderma:

Answer 50

``` high temp and humidity; ALLERGIES-atrophy, food allergy, flea allergy; ENDOCRINE DZ'S; nutrition; ECTOPARASITES; Overuse of steroids; Idiopathic=dont know cause ```

Question 51

Symptoms of pyoderma:

Answer 51

``` Pruritis and self trauma; inflammation and erythema; alopecia; pustules; papules; hyperpigmentation; epidermal collarette; exudate ```

Question 52

2 types of classification for pyoderma:

Answer 52

Superficial & deep

Question 53

Contains pustules, erythema; surface lesions only

Answer 53

superficial

Question 54

Examples of superficial pyoderma:

Answer 54

hotspots (acute moist dermatitis); skin fold infx(due to anatomy); allergies

Question 55

Extends to dermis; possibly systemic, see ulcers and fistulas

Answer 55

Deep

Question 56

5 things you can perform for diagnosis for pyoderma:

Answer 56

1. Skin scrapes(mites/bacteria); 2. Impression smears (exudate, bacteria, mites); 3. Culture(reserved for deep infx, help ID bacteria and best tx); 4. Biopsy(neoplasia, autoimmune dz); 5. Bloodwork(endocrine, allergies)

Question 57

Treatment of pyoderma depends on what?

Answer 57

On extent of the infection

Question 58

Treatment may only need ______ treatment

Answer 58

topical

Question 59

Moderate to ______ cases require systemic treatment

Answer 59

severe

Question 60

4 types of treatment for pyoderma:

Answer 60

1. treat underlying cause if able; 2. Antibiotics(topical vs. systemic tx; 3. Antipruitics(steroid vs. non-steroid)(topical or systemic); 4. Flea control

Question 61

Atopy AKA

Answer 61

skin allergy

Question 62

An inflammatory dermatosis resulting from hypersensitivity to allergens from production of excess IgE. Its characterized by its chonicity, pruritis, typical lesion distribution

Answer 62

Atopy