Dermatology

Question 0

What is skin responsible for?

Answer 0

temperature regulation, insulation and sensation (touch)

Question 1

Skin acts as what kind of barrier?

Answer 1

physical and immunologic

Question 2

What are the skin components?

Answer 2

Epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous fat, sweat glands, oil glands, hair and nails

Question 3

What is the deepest layer of the epidermis?

Answer 3

Basal Cell

Question 4

How long does it take for cells to migrate from basal cell layer to the surface?

Answer 4

4 weeks and then they are shed

Question 5

What is the second deepest layer of the epidermis?

Answer 5

Stratum Spinosum

Question 6

What does Stratum Spinosum contain?

Answer 6

keratin

Question 7

What is keratin?

Answer 7

a fibrous protein that is the major component of stratum spinosum,

Question 8

what is the second layer of the epidermis?

Answer 8

Stratum Granulosum: cells acquire more keratin and becomes flatter. polysacchharides, gylcoproteins, and lipids are found in this later that holds together the cells of the Stratum Corneum

Question 9

What is the top layer of the epidermis?

Answer 9

Stratum Corneum; cells are large, flat, and filled with keratin. 15-25 layers on most surface. 100 layers on palms and soles

Question 10

What are melanocytes and where are they produced?

Answer 10

pigment producing cells found in the basal cell layer that provide protect from UV radiation

Question 11

What are Langerhan cells?

Answer 11

derived from bone marrow and are identical to tissue macrophages and present antigens to lymphocytes

Question 12

Who are soldiers of the skin?

Answer 12

Langerhan cells

Question 13

What is the layer of skin under Epidermis?

Answer 13

Dermis

Question 14

What does the dermis contain?

Answer 14

nerves, blood vessels and appendages. Also contains collagen and elastic fibers.

Question 15

What are eccrine sweat glands and their function?

Answer 15

excrete sweat onto the skin surface in regulation of body temperature. Duct creates pathway to the surface**

Question 16

Apocrine Sweat glanes

Answer 16

no useful purpose, create odor that is caused by bacteria. Deep in the dermis and reach the skin via the hair follicle.

Question 17

Hair Follicle

Answer 17

all over the body except palms and soles. Two type: vellus (short, fine) and terminal (thick and coarse)

Question 18

Anagen Phase

Answer 18

growth phase of hair

Question 19

Catagen Phase

Answer 19

transitional phase in growth of hair

Question 20

Telogen Phase

Answer 20

resting phase in the growth of hair

Question 21

Sebaceous Glands

Answer 21

oil glands that secrete sebum. Found where hair follicles are present.

Question 22

Nails

Answer 22

made of keratin which is formed from a matrix of dividing epidermal cells. Nails grow at a rate of 0.1 mm a day and toenails even grow slower

Question 23

Subcutaneous Fat and function

Answer 23

lies between the dermis and the fascia. Insulation, cushion and energy reserve

Question 24

Macule

Answer 24

flat skin lesion, different color than the surround skin (ran over by a MAC truck)

Question 25

Papule

Answer 25

a small raised skin lesion

Question 26

Alopecia

Answer 26

partial or complete loss of hair

Question 27

Comedones

Answer 27

Blackheads (open) and whiteheads (closed)

Question 28

Vesicle

Answer 28

Blister filled with clear fluid, diameter is less than 0.5 cm

Question 29

Bullae

Answer 29

blister filled with clear fliud, diameter is greater than 0.5 cm

Question 30

Pustule

Answer 30

raised fluid filled lesion, filled with purvulent or cloudy fluid

Question 31

Wheal

Answer 31

a lesion of dermal edema (swelling) and the boarder is raised

Question 32

Nodule

Answer 32

a cyst, raised marble like, diameter and depth is greater that 0.5 cm

Question 33

Ulcer

Answer 33

skin defect that completely erodes the epidermis and part of the dermis

Question 34

Lichenification

Answer 34

epidermal thickening, exaggerated skin markings (stratching)

Question 35

Polyp

Answer 35

a soft fleshy raised growth (skin tag)

Question 36

Fissure

Answer 36

a linear tear in the epidermis, the skin will crack open

Question 37

Scale

Answer 37

dry appearance or flake. Visibly thickened stratum corneum

Question 38

Crust

Answer 38

dried liquid on the surface of the skin; blood, serum, or pus

Question 39

Atrophy

Answer 39

loss of skin tissue. Appearance depends on where the atrophy is occuring Epidermal- skin appears thin and shiny Dermal- detectable depression

Question 40

Plaque

Answer 40

elevated but lacking significant depth, diameter is greater than 0.5 cm

Question 41

Telangectasia

Answer 41

enlarged superficial blood vessels

Question 42

Depigmentation

Answer 42

complete loss of pigment

Question 43

Hypopigmentation

Answer 43

partial loss of pigment

Question 44

Hyperpigmentation

Answer 44

excess pigment

Question 45

Langer's Lines

Answer 45

skin tension lines, useful when performing procedures. Guide to produce the strongest scar and provides a better cosmetic outcome.

Question 46

Pruitis

Answer 46

Itching

Question 47

Excoriation

Answer 47

picking or scratching