Dermatology Flashcards
(32 cards)
What is erythema nodosum?
It is a hypersensitivity response to a variety of stimuli.
What can cause erythema nodosum?
Infection : TB, strep pyigebes, chlamydia, leprosy
Inflammation: sarcoidosis, IBD
other : malignancy, pregnancy
How does erythema nodosum present?
Tender red nodules commonly found on shins, which appear for 1-2 weeks and leave bruise like discolouration as they resolve.
What is the most common cause of erythema multiforme?
Herpes simplex virus
What is cellulitis?
Infection, usually with S pyogenes or S aureus, involving the deep subcutaneous tissue.
How does pityriasis versicolour present?
Pale brown patches on the upper trunk which fail to tan on sun exposure. Usually asymptomatic.
What morphological types of BCC are there?
Nodular (most common), superficial, cystic, morphogenic, kerototic and pigmented
What is MOHs micro graphic surgery?
A surgical technique in which lesion and tissue borders are progressively excised until specimens are microscopically free of the tumour.
How does nodular BCC present?
Pearly rolled edge and surface telangectasia.
How does a SCC present?
Keratotic (scaly, crusty) lesion which might ulcerate
How can you remember the suspicious features of a possible malignant melanoma?
Asymmetry Borders Colours Diammeter (>6mm) Evolution, symptoms (itching / bleeding)
Where is superficial spreading melanoma usually found?
Lower limbs of younger / middle aged people
Where is nodular melanoma usually found?
On the trunk in young - middle aged people
Where is lentigo maligna melanoma usually found?
In the face of the elderly
Where is acral lentiginous melanoma usually found?
In the plans, soles and nail beds of the elderly.
NB: no clear link to sun exposure.
How is the prognosis of melanoma determined?
The breslow thickness -
<0.76mm - low risk
0.67-1.5 - medium risk
>1.6mm - high risk
What is lichenification?
Well defined roughening if the skin with accentuation of skin markings. Seen in chronic is eczema.
What is the treatment for acne?
Mild: topical retinoids or benzoyl peroxide, consider COCP
Moderate: dual topical therapy (Duac cream - clindamycin and benzoyl peroxide), consider topical antibiotic or oral antibiotic, COCP
Severe: refer to specialist services for isoretinoic acid; in mean time use oral antibiotics and topical therapy
What is guttate psoriasis?
Rain drop lesions on trunk and proximal extremities
What is the most common type of psoriasis?
Chronic plaque psoriasis
What is seborrhoic psoriasis?
Nasolabial and retro-auricular distribution.
What is pustular psoriasis?
Raised bumps on the skin filled with pus, generally in the palmar-plantar distribution.
What is erythrodermic psoriasis?
Total body redness
What is Koebner phenomenon?
A linear eruption arising from a site of trauma, can be seen in psoriasis.
