Dermatology

Question 1

Pruritus

Answer 1

itching

Question 2

Urticaria

Answer 2

Hives

Question 3

Blanchable (B)

Answer 3

“white” color with pressure: release pressure and returns color/blood

Question 4

Erythmea

Answer 4

B, dilated blood vessels

Question 5

Petechiae

Answer 5

NB (non-blanchable), submucosal hemorrhages

Question 6

Purpura

Answer 6

NB, > 1 cm, “hemorrhages”

Question 7

Ecchymosis

Answer 7

NB, > 1 cm, “bruises”

Question 8

function of integumentary system

Answer 8

• thermoregulation, stores water, fat, and vitamin D

- vital and the largest organ

Question 9

Skin Turgor

Answer 9

• skin with decreased turgor remains elevated after being pulled up and released
• if recoil < 3 seconds = dehydration

Question 10

Primary skin lesion

Answer 10

represent the early stage of lesion, how they look prior to evolving

Question 11

Secondary skin lesion

Answer 11

represent a later stage after the lesion has evolved or been altered –> getting worse

Question 12

Describing a skin lesion

Answer 12

• SPECL SCAB
• S: size
• P: pattern
• E: elevation
• C: color
• L: location
• S: shape
• C: consistency
• A: and
• B: borders

Question 13

Insect bite care

Answer 13

• wash with soap and water

- NSAIDS, diphenhydramine, hydrocortisone 1%, calamine

Question 14

Tick bite

Answer 14

bulls-eye rash

starts with fever -> refer

Question 15

Insect bite care

Answer 15

always refer

- pts may develop anaphylactic rxn

Question 16

Dermatitis

Answer 16

See dermatitis cards

Question 17

cellulitis

Answer 17

common skin infection when bacteria spreads through deeper tissues
- no OTC

Question 18

Impetigo

Answer 18

most common bacteria: strep, staph
needs abx
- appears on ONE side of face, usually near mouth or nose

Question 19

Folliculitis

Answer 19

bacterial infection localized to the hair follicle

- often seen in athletes, teenagers

Question 20

furuncle

Answer 20

bacterial infection of the pilosebaceous unit and involves sebacious gland
- refer

Question 21

carbuncle

Answer 21

multiple furuncles –> refer

Question 22

warts

Answer 22

• caused by virus
• OTC: use compound with salicylic acid
• multiple warts or on eyelid -> refer

Question 23

Herpes

Answer 23

• causes cold sores

- see antiviral notes

Question 24

canker sores

Answer 24

see oral care flash cards

Question 25

shingles

Answer 25

refer

Question 26

seborrheic keratosis

Answer 26

- wart-like growth - appears on face (rare), chest, shoulders, or back - painless - refer

Question 27

ingrown nail

Answer 27

refer complicated pts: - pt with diminished circulation - pt with DM

Question 28

Pruritus - itching

Answer 28

people are more susceptible with: allergies, DM, HIV/AIDS, kidney disease, elderly - find root cause - rule out liver or kidney failure - common in dialysis pts

Question 29

Pruritus care

Answer 29

bath in lukewarm water gentle cleanser moisturize

Question 30

Urticaria

Answer 30

Hives - lots of abx cause hives - angioedema - rash on one side of face - refer immediately: dizziness, chest tightness, tongue/throat swelling

Question 31

chronic ulcer

Answer 31

- pts with DM, circulatory problems, RA, immunosuppressed | - REFER

Question 32

Psoriasis

Answer 32

- autoimmune disorder | - REFER

Question 33

1st degree burn tx

Answer 33

- NSAIDs, aloe vera, calamine, abx ointments - refer if burn severe - NO hydrocortisone cream - apply sunscreen every 1-2 hours

Question 34

SJS

Answer 34

- initial flu-like sx, followed by painful red or purple rash that spreads - medical emergency --> stop offending agent and refer - skin is dying

Question 35

Melanoma ABCD's

Answer 35

- A: asymmetry - B: borders - C: color - D: diamter (>6mm) - E: evolving