Dermatology

Question 1

layers of the skin

Answer 1

epidermis, dermis, hypodermis

Question 2

layers of the epidermis

Answer 2

corneum, lucidum, granulosum, spinosum, basale

Question 3

ABCDEs of melanoma

Answer 3

Asymmetry, borders, color, diameter, evolution

Question 4

macule

Answer 4

flat, non-palpable, < 1 cm in diameter

Question 5

patch

Answer 5

flat, non-palpable, > 1 cm in diameter

Question 6

papules

Answer 6

palpable, firm, < 1 cm in diameter, circumscribed

Question 7

plaque

Answer 7

elevated, firm, palpable, > 1 cm in diameter

Question 8

nodules

Answer 8

elevated, circumscribed, often > 1.5 cm in diameter, deep, can be compressible

Question 9

tumor

Answer 9

large nodule, deeper in the dermis, > 2 cm in diameter,

Question 10

wheal

Answer 10

irregular, transient, superficial edema

Question 11

vesicles

Answer 11

elevated, well circumscribed, < 1 cm, fluid containing

Question 12

bulla

Answer 12

elevated, well circumscribed, > 1 cm, filled with serous fluid

Question 13

pustules

Answer 13

elevated, superficial, well circumscribed, filled with pus

Question 14

furuncle

Answer 14

infection of a single hair follicle, s. aureus

Question 15

carbuncle

Answer 15

infection of multiple hair follicles, s. aureus

Question 16

crust

Answer 16

dried residue of serum, pus, or blood, adherent

Question 17

scale

Answer 17

hyperkeratosis, accumulation of stratum corneum due to increased proliferation

Question 18

fissure

Answer 18

linear cleft in skin

Question 19

erosion

Answer 19

partial or complete loss of the epidermis

Question 20

ulcer

Answer 20

deeper defect with loss of the entire epidermis plus superficial dermis

Question 21

excortiations

Answer 21

exogenous injury to all or part of the epidermis

Question 22

atrophy

Answer 22

thinning of the skin, can be epidermal or dermal

Question 23

lichenification

Answer 23

thickening of the epidermis

Question 24

petechiae

Answer 24

deep red, purple lesions, < 0.5 cm, non-blanchable

Question 25

purpura

Answer 25

deep red, purple lesions, > 0.5 cm, non-blanchable

Question 26

ecchymosis

Answer 26

purple lesions are variable size, bruising

Question 27

spider angiomas

Answer 27

fiery red lesions, small in size, blanch with pressure

Question 28

cherry angioma

Answer 28

bright red papules, 1-6 mm in size, non-blanchable

Question 29

telangiectasias

Answer 29

permanently dilated superficial cutaneous blood vessels, blanchable

Question 30

hemangioma

Answer 30

benign vascular neoplasm that represents the most common tumor of infancy

Question 31

clubbing

Answer 31

rounded, bulbous nail base, feel spongy, shammrock’s since

Question 32

beau’s line

Answer 32

transverse depressions secondary to trauma

Question 33

paronychia

Answer 33

inflammation of proximal and lateral nail folds

Question 34

onychocryptosis

Answer 34

ingrown toe nail

Question 35

terry’s nails

Answer 35

mostly white with a distal band of reddish brown

Question 36

Leukonychia

Answer 36

trauma to nails causing area of white discoloration

Question 37

Koilonychia

Answer 37

spoon shaped, concave nails

Question 38

onycholysis

Answer 38

painless separation of the nail plate from the nail bed

Question 39

onychomycosis

Answer 39

fungal infection of nail bed or plate

Question 40

nail pitting

Answer 40

small punctate depressions, caused by nail matrix inflammation