Dermatology

Question 1

Layers of epidermis

Answer 1

Corneum, Lucidum, Granulosum, Spinosum, Basale

Question 2

What scale is used to type skin

Answer 2

Fitzpatrick 1-6

Question 3

What does SCAM stand form

Answer 3

Site/size/shape & distribution, colour, associated changes and morphology

Question 4

What is ABCD used for

Answer 4

Pigmented lesions- Asymmetry, border, colour, diameter

Question 5

What comes under site and distribution

Answer 5

Localised vs generalised. Flexural, extensor, photosensitive.

Question 6

What comes under configuration

Answer 6

Discrete, confluent, linear, target

Question 7

What comes under colour

Answer 7

Erythematous, purpuric, brown or black, hypopigmented, depigmented.

Question 8

What comes under surface feature

Answer 8

Scale, crust, excoriation, erosion

Question 9

What is the difference between Macule vs Patch

Answer 9

M<1cm

Question 10

Whats a papule

Answer 10

<1cm, raised

Question 11

Whats a vesicle

Answer 11

Small, fluid filled blister

Question 12

What is a pustule

Answer 12

Blister filled with pus

Question 13

Whats a bulla

Answer 13

Bigger vesicle filled with fluid

Question 14

Whats a wheal

Answer 14

Where the dermis is affected. Urticaria

Question 15

Whats annular

Answer 15

Ring-shaped

Question 16

Whats discoid

Answer 16

Round

Question 17

What comedone

Answer 17

Open or closed

Question 18

What causes Onycholysis

Answer 18

Lifting from psoriasis or fungal infection

Question 19

What causes clubbing

Answer 19

Cancer, lung pathology

Question 20

What causes fitting

Answer 20

Skin conditions

Question 21

Functions of the skin

Answer 21

Protective barrier, temperature regulation, sensation, Vit D synthesis, cosmesis, immunosurveillance

Question 22

What is Erythroderma

Answer 22

Total skin failure, can lead to infection, hypothermia and renal failure, high ouput cardiac failure due to peripheral vasodilation.

Question 23

Causes of erythroderma

Answer 23

Psoriasis, eczema, drugs, cutaneous T cell lymphoma

Question 24

Symptoms of erythroderma

Answer 24

Pruritus, fatigue, anorexia, feeling cold

Question 25

Signs of erythroderma

Answer 25

Erythematous, thickened, inflamed scaly, no sparing.

Question 26

What are the 4 major cell types of epidermis

Answer 26

Keratinocytes, langerhans, melanocytes, merkel

Question 27

What are the function of keratinocyte cells

Answer 27

Protective barrier

Question 28

What are the function of merkel cells

Answer 28

Contain specialised nerve endings for sensation

Question 29

What are the function of melanocytes

Answer 29

Produce melanin which provides pigment to skin and protects nuclei from UV DNA damage.

Question 30

What is the composition of the Dermis

Answer 30

Collagen, elastin and glycosaminoglycans with nerve, immune cells and vessels and lymphatics.

Question 31

What is the role of the dermis

Answer 31

Strength and elasticity

Question 32

What is dermatographia

Answer 32

Non pathological, rapid histamine release causing edema in dermal layer of skin.

Question 33

What stimulates sebaceous glands

Answer 33

Androgen conversion to DIT

Question 34

What is the difference between eccrine and apocrine

Answer 34

Eccrine: all over. Apocrine: after puberty.

Question 35

What are the types of hair

Answer 35

Lanugo, vellum, terminal