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RUSVM SAM 2 Spring 2019 > Dermatology Intro > Flashcards

Dermatology Intro Flashcards

(120 cards)

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1
Q

Name this lesion!

A

Erosion

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2
Q

Name this lesion!

A

Scale

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3
Q

What is this? Primary or Secondary?

A

Pustule

Primary

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4
Q

What is the difference about surface scraping using a heat fix & stain slide vs. “normal” surface scrape?

A

No mineral oil with a heat fix!

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5
Q

What is a Dermogram?

A

Lesion distribution chart

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6
Q

Name this lesion!

A

Nodule

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7
Q

Name this lesion!

A

Comedone

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8
Q

What 2 types of derm culture are there? Which is most common?

A

Dermatophyte culture (DTM = dermatophyte test media) - Almost Always

Bacterial

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9
Q

What is this? Primary or Secondary?

A

Papule/Plaque

Primary

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10
Q

Name this lesion!

A

Excoriation

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11
Q

Name this lesion! Primary or Secondary?

A

Follicular Casts

Both!

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12
Q

Name this lesion!

A

Scale

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13
Q

What are you looking for with Acetate tape strip impression smear?

A

Yeast, Surface Parasites (lice, some mites), and their eggs

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14
Q

Name this lesion!

A

Alopecia

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15
Q

Name this lesion!

A

Epidermal Collarette

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16
Q

True or False: If hair shafts fluoresce via Woods lamp, pluck those for the DTM inoculation.

A

TRUE

If nothing fluoresces, use the “sterile toothbrush” technique! “Comb” pet with toothbrush to collect hair/scales used to inoculate media.

DTM or Sabourauds

DTM is test of choice as color change occurs so you MUST look at EVERY DAY!

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17
Q

Small elevation of epidermis filled with pus is?

A

Pustule

Primary

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18
Q

An accumulation of dried serum, exudate on surface of skin is?

A

Crust

Both P & S

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19
Q

A break in epidermis with exposure of dermis is?

A

Ulcer

Secondary

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20
Q

Name this lesion!

A

Plaque

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21
Q

A large palpable mass - Neoplastic enlargement is?

A

Nodule: Tumor

Primary

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22
Q

What can you see on a Hair Pluck/Trichogram (4)?

A

Broke tip ends

Roots (anagen [ball or balloon] vs. telogen [arrowhead]

Ringworm (hyphae vs. arthrospores)

Follicle dysplasias

Surface parasites (lice, mites)

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23
Q

A sharply delineated lesion of edema is?

A

Wheal

Primary

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24
Q

Name this lesion!

A

Erosion

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25
Name this lesion! Primary or Secondary?
Epidermal Collarette Secondary
26
What is this? Primary or Secondary?
Nodule Primary
27
True or False: You only need to do a physical exam of the areas with skin issues
FALSE Do a complete PE. You could find systemic abnormalities or changes related to the skin complaint. Will help to rule out things on diagnosis list.
28
What 3 methods are used with heat fix & stain slide?
Surface Scraping Direct Impression Q-tip
29
Name this lesion!
Pustule
30
Vesicle or pustule \>1 cm in diameter is?
Bulla Primary
31
Name this lesion(s)!
Callus Fissure
32
An accumulation of loose fragments of horny layer of skin is?
Scale Both P & S
33
What is the difference between Primary and Secondary Lesions?
Primary is the initial spontaneous lesions that reflect the underlysing disease; often appear & disappear quickly Secondary evolve from primary lesions or are induced by patient or external factors; often what we or owners see
34
What are the Secondary Lesions?
Epidermal collarette Lichenification Scar Excoriation Erosion Ulcer Fissure Callus
35
Name this lesion!
Cyst
36
Explain how to do a superficial skin scrape.
Moisten a dulled scalpel blade with liquid paraffin or KOH or mineral oil. Scrape a larger area because mites are fewer in number
37
Name this lesion!
Nodule
38
Name this lesion!
Crust
39
What are the indications for doing a skin biopsy (6)?
Nodules/tumors Ulcer/vesicles Severe acute generalized disease Mucosal lesions Lesions unresponsive to rational treatment
40
Name this lesion!
Lichenification
41
Name this lesion!
Vesicle
42
True or False: After performing a deep skin scrape you do not see any demodex mites. You tell the client that even though you did not see any does not mean they do not have any mites.
True! If negative, may not rule out follicular parasites \*scrape multiple areas to help with accuracy
43
Name this lesion!
Purpura
44
Name this lesion!
Papule
45
What is this? Primary or Secondary?
Bulla Primary Lesion
46
What is the most important aspect of Dermatological Exams?
Distribution: Location of skin lesions!!! Also good lighting and magnification, assess skin (haired and non-haired areas), Primary or secondar or both, & body sites.
47
What are the primary lesions?
Macule/patch Papule Pustule Plaque Nodule Vesicle Bulla Wheal
48
Name this lesion! Primary or Secondary?
Excoriation Scar Secondary
49
Reasons for doing an aerobic bacterial culture are?
Cytology shows cocci and rods or just rods Cocci but no response to right AB administered at right time at right dose Deep pyoderma Chronic AB/GC therapy GSD pyoderma
50
What is the gold standard for identifying environmental allergens?
Allergy Testing!
51
Name this lesion!
Vesicle
52
What are we looking for with Cytology? Different methods?
Bacteria, Yeast, Cells Surface scrape, Q-tip, Tape, Impression, FNA
53
Name this lesion!
Wheal
54
What is this? Primary or Secondary?
Vesicle Primary
55
Name this lesion!
Macule/Patch
56
Name this lesion!
Callus
57
A Solid raised palpable lesion \>1 cm. Can includes abscess (fluctant lesion in dermis or SQ from pus) is?
Nodule Primary
58
A linear cleavage (cracks) in the epidermis or dermis caused by disease or injury is?
Fissure Secondary
59
Small, solid elevation in skin up to 1 cm in diameter is?
Papule Primary
60
Name this lesion! Primary or Secondary?
Fissure Secondary
61
True or False: You do a superficial skin scrape and it comes back negative. You can confidently say to your client their pet is surface mite free.
FALSE If negative, can not rule out superficial mites!
62
What are the 4 important things to ask for in regards to history?
-When, where, what, any change, seasonality, itchy and if so, how severe? -Continuous or intermittent signs -Changes in lesions over time -Rate of progression of signs
63
Elevation of epidermis filled with clear fluid is?
Vesicle Primary
64
Coalition of papules forming flat-topped elevation is?
Plaque Primary
65
A scale arranged in circular pattern. Associated with pustule, vesicle, or ballae are?
Epidermal collarette Secondary
66
Explain how to do a deep skin scrape.
Scrape small focal area with **dulled** blade using mineral oil Induce capillary hemorrhage (Need to see BLOOD) **Squeeze follicles** Put on glass slide; 10x microscope & low condenser
67
Name this lesion(s)!
Crust Scale
68
Name this lesion!
Macule
69
True or False: Knowing everything about past treatments including home remedies is not important.
FALSE You need to know all of the things!!!!
70
Name this lesion!
Comedone
71
True or False: You can use a woods lamp right after turning it on to find fungal infections.
FALSE Need to turn the lamp on for 5-10 minutes prior to use
72
An absence of hair from area where it is normally present is?
Alopecia Both P & S
73
A Macule \>1 cm in size is?
Patch Primary
74
Name this lesion!
Papule
75
Name this lesion!
Nodule
76
What are the Derm Screening tests (Derm MDB)?
Scraping Cytology Culture - Especially for ringworn in cats!
77
An accumulation of keratin & sebaceous material stuck to a hair shaft is?
Follicular casts Both P & S
78
A type of macule caused by bleeding into the skin is?
Purpura Primary
79
Name this lesion! Primary or Secondary?
Erosion Secondary
80
50% of M. canis strains produce _______ metabolites that cause hair shaft to fluoresce - _____ \_\_\_\_\_ - with ultraviolet (UV) light
tryptophan apple green
81
Name this lesion!
Plaque
82
A localized hyperplasia of the stratum corneum of the epidermis caused by pressure or friction. Elbows and lateral hock areas are common sites for callus formation in the dog.
Callus Secondary
83
Explain the Fine Needle Aspirate technique.
21-23 gauge; attached to 5 ml syringe Needle in lesion; pull needle out a bit & re-direct it into another site in lesion; aspirate Release pressure on needle before withdrawing Disconnect needle from syringe; add few mls air to syringe. Re-attach needle Express contents in needle onto microscope slide
84
Name this lesion! Primary or Secondary?
Alopecia Both!
85
What are we doing skin scrapes to find? Superficial vs. Deep?
Mites!! Deep - Demodex Superficial - Sarcopties + others
86
What are the surface mites we are looking for with a superficial skin scrape (5)?
Sarcoptes Notoedres Otodectes Cheyletiella Demodex gatoi (cats)
87
What is this? Primary or Secondary?
Comedone Both!
88
What is important to remember about the presenting complaint?
Need to find out if the current complaint reflects the primary disease or if it is secondary to what came first.
89
A thickening and hardening of the skin, note exaggerated skin lines is?
Lichenification Secondary
90
What are the 3 different biopsy techniques?
Punch - sample of disease process or complete removal Wedge/excisional - Large or fragile lesions; Deeper Amputation - Nail/Toe \*Send with DETAILED history
91
Name this lesion!
Bulla
92
Name this lesion!
Comedone
93
Epithelial lined cavity with solid or fluid material is?
Cyst Primary
94
Name this lesion.
Vesicle
95
A shallow ulcer that does not break basal layer is?
Erosion Secondary
96
Matching: Cats Dogs All inflammatory skin lesions All skin diseases
Cats - All skin diseases Dogs - All inflammatory skin lesions
97
Name this lesion!
Wheal
98
Name this lesion! Primary or Secondary?
Ulcer Secondary
99
What is this? Primary or Secondary?
Wheal Primary
100
True or False: With Serology it only tests for circulating IgE, there is no positive control, false positives.
TRUE Also there are lab variations, limitations with grouped allergens, and not reliable for Food Allergens
101
Name this lesion!
Pustule
102
What is this? Primary or Secondary?
Macule/Patch \*Flat spot (\<1 cm) on skin with change in skin color Primary
103
What are the lesions that can be Primary or Secondary?
Alopecia Scale Crust Follicular casts Comedo
104
Explain how to do a skin biopsy.
No prep; no scrub! Do NOT disturb lesions Gently clip hair Handle sample as little as possible Put in 10% formalin
105
A linear abrasion of the skin is?
Excoriation Secondary
106
A dilated hair follicle filled with debris is?
Comedone Both P & S
107
Why is it a good idea to list your problems from most important to least?
This helps you to decide in what order to test for/treat things. The client may have limited funds and you want to help the patient to your best ability.
108
True or False: General health, Environment, & Signalment are all parts of the approach to a derm case.
TRUE Signalment - helpful with breed predisposition Environment - indoor/outdoor, other animals, other signs, & travel history.
109
Name this lesion!
Papule
110
Name this lesion!
Pustule
111
Name this lesion!
Nodule
112
What are the 4 categories of Derm Diagnostics?
Screening Tests Therapeutic Trials Advanced Tests Systemic or Non-skin Tests
113
Name this lesion!
Patch
114
What are we looking for with skin cultures?
Bacteria/Fungi ^Specific only Chronic or Deep Bacterial occassionally (aerobic, anaerobic, mycobacterium) Fungal usually
115
Left to Right. Name these lesions!
Fissure, Erosion, Ulcer
116
Name this lesion! Primary or Secondary?
Lichenification Secondary
117
What are the 5 steps in the approach to dermatological cases.
-Problem oriented approach -Identify the problem -Differential Diagnoses -List diagnostic tests needed to rule in or rule out differential diagnoses -Apply treatment
118
A Flat spot (\<1 cm) on skin with change in skin color is?
Macule Primary Lesion
119
Name this lesion!
Nodule (Tumor)
120
Name this lesion!
Purpura

RUSVM SAM 2 Spring 2019 (5 decks)

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