Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Dermatology, Ulcers, Burns > Dermatology, Ulcer, Burns > Flashcards

Dermatology, Ulcer, Burns Flashcards

(91 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What would someone with Impetigo look like?

A

Red sores that can rupture & Ooze

Itching

HONEY COLORED CRUST
(anywhere in the body as it heals)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are complications of Impetigo?

A

Sepsis

Cellulitis

Hypertensive Encephalopathy
Pulmonary Edema, Rheumatic Fever

Acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What’s the Pathophysiology of impetigo?

A

A Break in the skin that allows BACTERIA to enter

It affects Infants + Young children

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What causes Impetigo?

A

Bacteria:

Streptococcus

Staphylococcus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How do you Diagnosed Impetigo?

A

History

Physical exam

CBC

Culture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How do you Treat impetigo?

A

ABX (Topical/Oral)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What would someone with Cellulitis look like?

A

Fever

Pain/Redness/Swelling/Edema

Lymphadenopathy (Proximal to sight of injury)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are complications of Cellulitis?

A

Sepsis

Endocarditis

Osteomyelitis

Necrotizing Fasciitis

Abscess (If left untreated)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What’s the Pathophysiology of Cellulitis?

A

A Break in the skin that allows bacteria to enter causing INFLAMMATION OF SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE

Occurs from injury, burns, surgical wounds

It affects (Feet/Legs) and Can be anywhere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What causes cellulitis?

A

Bacteria: Streptococcus
Staphylococcus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How do you diagnosed Cellulitis?

A

History

Physical exam

CBC

Culture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How do you Treat Cellulitis?

A

ABX (Oral/IV)

Prophylactic Compression Therapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What would someone with MRSA look like?

A

Fever

Abscess/Pus

Drainage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are Complications of MRSA?

A

Sepsis

Death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What’s the Pathophysiology of MRSA?

A

A break in the skin that allows STAPH BACTERIA to enter.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What causes MRSA?

How is MRSA spread?

A

Bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus

Contact with an infected person or Things carrying the bacteria

It spreads in Healthcare/Community Associated

Staph Bacteria is RESISTANT to ABX

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How do you diagnosed MRSA?

A

History

Physical exam

CBC

Broth 🧪

Agar Test 🔬

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How do you treat MRSA?

A

Vancomycin

Linezolid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What would someone with Herpes Zoster Shingles look like?

A

Pre-Eruptive phase:
Pain, Tingling in 1 or more Dermatome
Fever, Fatigue, Headache, Gi upset (1-10

Acute Eruptive phase:
Pain, Redness, Vesicles (1-Face/Torso)
Don’t cross the midline, Clear/Cloud 1/10
Clears in 2-4weeks

Chronic phase:
Nerve pain that last Months/Years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are complications of Herpes Zoster Shingles?

A

Prosthetic Neuralgia
Pneumonia
Encephalitis
Blindness
Hearing Loss
DEATH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What’s the Pathophysiology of Herpes Zoster Shingles?

A

Varicella Zoster Virus causes Chickenpox in Childhood

After healing from chickenpox, the virus hides & comes back later causing “SHINGLES”. Immune system can’t hold it anymore.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What causes
Herpes Zoster Shingles?

A

Varicella Zoster Virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are Risk Factors for Herpes Zoster Shingles?

A

Age ⬆️

Weak immune system

Immunosuppressant Medication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

How do you diagnose
Herpes Zoster Shingles?

A

History

Physical exam

CBC

PCR (Check Viral DNA) 🧬

DFA (Direct Fluorescent Antibody)

Tzanck smear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Treatment Herpes Zoster shingles?
Antiviral (⬇️72 hours) Analgesics Steroids Vaccination (60 and ⬆️)
26
What would someone with Tinea Capitis/Corporis look like?
Itching Circular/Oval rash
27
What are complications of Tinea Capitis/Corporis?
Capitis: Abscess (Kerion) Corporis: Dermatophytide
28
What’s the Pathophysiology of Tinea Capitis/Corporis?
Fungal infection of the skin {Scalp/Body} Transferred from Person to Person/Animal Contagious! (Spread via Bed, Towel, Hat, Grooming tools)
29
What causes Tinea Capitis/Corporis?
Fungus
30
How do you diagnosed Tinea Capitis/Corporis?
History Physical exam CBC KOH Test [Skin scrapping via Potassium Hydroxide on wet mount]
31
Treatment of Tinea Capitis/Corporis?
1% Selenium Sulfide shampoo Anti-Fungal: Topical, Oral, IV Tolnaftate Clotrimazole Miconazole Haloprogrin Griseofulvin
32
What would someone with Pediculosis Capitis look like?
SEVERE ITCHING in the head/Behind the ears
33
What are complications of Pediculosis Capitis?
infections (impetigo/pyoderma)
34
What’s the Pathophysiology of Pediculosis Capitis?
Lice 🕷️inject their juice into the skin & sucking your blood.
35
How do you diagnosed Pediculosis Capitis?
History Physical exam CBC Magnifying glass
36
Treatment of Pediculodis Capitis?
Medicated Shampoo (Permerthrin 1%) Bath with Soap/Water Wash all clothes in Hot water
37
What would a person with Scabies look like?
Itching Redness Pimples like rash/Burrows Track Vesicles, Pustules, Papule Ooze, Crust, Dry, Peel
38
What are complications of Scabies?
Sepsis Heart Disease Kidney problems
39
What’s the Pathophysiology of Scabies?
itch mites lay eggs under skin (Epidermis)
40
What causes Scabies?
itch mites
41
How do you Diagnose Scabies?
History Physical exam CBC Penlight Scalpel Blade (Under a microscope)
42
What’s the treatment for Scabies?
Warm Soapy Bath Permethrin 5% (apply from head/Toes) 8hr
43
What would someone with Contact Dermatitis Eczema look like?
Itching Redness Burning Blisters/Edema {Vesicles, Papule, Oozing, Crust, Dry, Peel}
44
What are complications of Contact Dermatitis Eczema?
infection Lichenification
45
What’s the Pathophysiology of Contact Dermatitis Eczema?
inflammation of Dermis
46
What causes Contact Dermatitis Eczema?
Physical, Soap/Dertergent, Chemical, Biological agents Extreme Heat/Cold Pre-existing skin Disease
47
What’s the risk factor for Contact Dermatitis Eczema?
Jobs that require repeated Handwashing Food preparation workers Cleaners Hair Dresser Women
48
How do you diagnose Contact Dermatitis Eczema?
History Physical exam CBC Assess for allergies
49
How do you treat Contact Dermatitis Eczema?
Avoid itritants Use mild Soap until healed Cream: Corticosteroids, Ceramide, Dimethicone
50
What would someone with Psoriasis look like?
itching Red lesions Silver plaques (Nails, Elbow, Knee, Scalp, Lower back, Butt) ✨✨✨✨ Remission/Exacerbation (comes & go)
51
What are complications of Psoriasis?
Asymmetric Rheumatoid Factor
52
What’s the Pathophysiology of Psoriasis?
Skin cells makes TOO much Keratin (Epidermis) Chronic inflammation of skin
53
What causes Psoriasis?
Genetics/Autoimmune
54
What’s the risk factor for Psoriasis?
White women
55
How do you Diagnose Psoriasis?
History Physical exam CBC Biopsy
56
How do you Treat Psoriasis?
Topical corticosteroids + Dressing Systemic agents (Methotrexate, infliximab, Cyclosporine) Phototherapy (Take Psoralen before treatment) Coal Tar preparation
57
What does someone with Acne Vulgaris look like?
Pimples, Whiteheads, Blackheads (Open/Closed Comedones) Leaking Sebum, Keratin, Bacteria
58
What’s are Complications of Acne Vulgaris?
infections
59
What’s the Pathophysiology of Acne Vulgaris?
Hormone 🔜 Sebaceous gland🔜 Sebum Blocked hair follicle (Dead skin cell/Bacteria) Inflammation of Pilosebaceous unit
60
How do you diagnose Acne Vulgaris?
Physical exam (oily skin, Lesions, Comedones) History (Women have flares before menses)
61
How do you Treat Acne Vulgaris?
Wash Face 2x/day🔜 OTC Benzol Peroxide & salicylic acid. Use oil free products & sunscreen Diet: avoid carbs, Fruits/vegetables, water Topical ABX Vitamin A (Retinoid) isotretinoin (SEVERE CASES) Hormone Therapy Steroid injections Phototherapy Surgery: Comedones extraction
62
What would a person with General Pruritus look like?
itching (worst at night) Redness/Wheals No rash or Lesions
63
What are complications of General pruritus?
Dryness Eczema Infection Lichenification
64
What’s the Pathophysiology of General pruritus?
Histamine release causes itching.
65
What causes General pruritus?
The following underlying causes Anemia Endocrine Gi (Hepatic) Gu (Kidney) Oncology Radiation Therapy Medication Soap
66
How do you diagnose General pruritus?
History Physical exam CBC Find underlying cause
67
How do you Treat General Pruritus?
Tepid Bath: Cool compress (Menthol/Camphor) Antihistamine: Antihistamine (Diphenhydramine) Topical anti-pruritic: (Lidocaine, Prilocaine, Capsaicin) Topical corticosteroids: Corticosteroids SSRI: (Fluoxetine/Sertraline)
68
What would someone with Skin cancer look like?
A: Half raise/Half flat (irregular is BAD) B: Border (uneven edges) C: Color changes & variations (Black, Brown, Tan, Red) D: Diameter ⬆️ 6mm (size of Nickel/coin) E: Evolve change in (Size, Shape, color)
69
What are complications of Skin cancer?
infection/Sepsis Bleeding 🩸
70
What’s the Pathophysiology of skin cancer?
Uncontrolled cell growth in the skin Basal cell, Squamous cell, Melanoma
71
What are risk factors of Skin cancer?
Family History/Genetics Environmental: UV light/Sunlight Caucasian, Light skin, Freckles, Moles, Aging Immunosuppressant Drugs
72
How is Skin cancer diagnosed?
History Physical exam CBC Biopsy
73
How do you Treat Skin cancer?
Mohs/Cryosurgery Topical Chemotherapy Radiation
74
What’s the Pathophysiology of pressure ulcer?
Epidermis: Melanin, Keratin, Vitamin D Electrolytes Dermis: Nerves, Blood Vessels Sweat glands, Hair follicles Lymphatic Hypodermis: Fatty Tissue/ Temperature regulation
75
What causes pressure ulcers?
Pressure Bedridden Moisture/incontinence Shearing/Friction Poor nutrition Aging skin Diabetic Neuropathy (sugar blood) Liver cirrhosis (⬇️ Albumin)
76
What are the stages of pressure ulcer?
Stage 1: Non-Blanchable erythema of INTACT SKIN. Stage 2: Damages (Epidermis/Dermis) Stage 3: Damage (Epi, Dermis, Hypodermis Stage 4: Muscle/Bone Unstageable: Can’t see the base of the wound.
77
How do you Treat Pressure ulcers?
Assess Skin within 24-hrs of admission Turn every 1-2hrs to relieve pressure Give Fluids 2-3 L/Day Check I/O for adequate Fluid intake (⬇️ 30-ml is BAD) Give protein Check Albumin (3.5-5.0) Check Braden scale to monitor risk every shift
78
Superficial Burn
Sunburn/Low Flash Damage Epidermis Intact Skin, Redness, Pain (Pain sooth by cooling) NO Edema/blisters
79
Superficial Burn Diagnostic Test
History Physical exam CBC
80
Superficial Burn Treatment
No ICE, Butter, Egg whites Analgesics, ABX, Systemic ointment Clean wound daily/Change dressing depends on severity of burn Heal in 1-week
81
Deep Burn
Damage Epidermis/Dermis Wet/Shiny/Blisters/White/Discolored/irregular Painful to touch/sensitive to ANY air
82
Deep Burn Complications
Can lead 🔜 infection Can lead 🔜 Full Thickness Burn
83
Deep Burn Diagnostic Test
History Physical exam CBC (⬆️K, ⬆️H/H, ⬇️Na)
84
Deep Burns Treatment
⬇️ 3-inches Treat it at home NO ICE 🧊, Butter🧈, Egg white 🍳 Analgesic, ABX, Systemic ointment Cool the Burn by covering it with Sterile Gauze/No Cotton Look for (Scars, Dipigmentation, Contractures) Heal in 2-4 weeks
85
Full Thickness Burn
Epidermis, Dermis, Hypodermis, Bone Dry, Fat exposed, Hair follicle, Sweat gland destroyed No pain due to Nerve Damage Eschar over injury Moderate/Severe Edema RR Failure Electricity (Entrance/Exit wound)
86
Complications of Full Thickness Burn
Respiratory failure Hypovolemic Shock Organ perfusion Renal failure (⬇️30ml, ⬆️ BUN/Creatinine) Compartment syndrome Hyperglycemia Infection (Sepsis) Mobility issues (Contractures) CBC: (⬆️K, ⬆️H/H, ⬇️Na) Malnutrition
87
Full Thickness Burn Diagnostic test
History Physical exam CBC (⬆️K, ⬆️H/H, ⬇️Na)
88
Full Thickness Burn Treatment
ET/Tracheostomy Remove clothes, Cool water Rule of Nine, Parkland formula, IVF Renal function (Catheter, I/O) Monitor ECG for (K) Analgesic, ABX, Systemic ointment Topical Antimicrobial Debridment, Escharotomy Skin grafting, Surgery Remodeling may last years
89
Emergent phase
ET/Tracheostomy IVF Pain medication Lab, Art line, Carboxyhemoglobin
90
Acute phase
Wound care Prevent infection Prevent complications Nutrition
91
Rehabilitation
Do ROM Prevent Scars/Constractures Return to Family roles Support groups, Counseling, work

Dermatology, Ulcers, Burns (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions