Dermatophilosis

Question 1

Dermatophilosis also known as

Answer 1

Cutaneous Streptothricosis
Lumpy Wool
Strawberry Foot Rot

Question 2

is a bacterial infection of the skin of animals

Answer 2

Dermatophilosis

Question 3

Dermatophilosis causative agent

Answer 3

Dermatophilus congolensis

Question 4

Cattle, sheep, goats, and horses are affected most frequently, and pigs, dogs, and cats rarely by this disease

Answer 4

Dermatophilosis

Question 5

Dermatophilosis Lay terms

Answer 5

“lumpy wool” and “Strawberry foot rot” (for infections on the feet)

Question 6

is a chronic bacterial skin disease characterized by crustiness and exudates accumulating at the base of the hair or wool fibers

Answer 6

Dermatophilosis

Question 7

two characteristic morphologic forms of Dermatophilus congolensis that causes Dermatophilosis

Answer 7

filamentous hyphae and motile zoospores.

Question 8

The __________ are characterized by branching filaments (1–5 mcm in diameter) that ultimately fragment by both transverse and longitudinal septation into packets of coccoid cells

Answer 8

hyphae

Question 9

are considered the primary reservoir of Dermatophilus congolensis (Dermatophilosis)

Answer 9

Asymptomatic, chronically infected animals

Question 10

Factors that influence the development, prevalence, seasonal incidence, and transmission of dermatophilosis.

Answer 10

1. prolonged wetting by rain
2. high humidity
3. high temperature
4. various ectoparasites that reduce or permeate the natural barriers of the integument

Question 11

are major predisposing factors in cattle and sheep, respectively with Dermatophilosis

Answer 11

Ticks and lice

Question 12

has been isolated only from the integument of various animals and is restricted to the living layers of the epidermis

Answer 12

Dermatophilus congolensis (Dermatophilosis)

Question 13

The Dermatophilus congolensis can exist in a _______ form within the epidermis until infection is exacerbated by climatic conditions.

Answer 13

quiescent form

Question 14

Dermatophilosis epidemics usually occur during what season?

Answer 14

rainy season

Question 15

The Dermatophilus congolensis can exist in a quiescent form within the ________ until infection is exacerbated by climatic conditions.

Answer 15

epidermis

Question 16

They act as mechanical vectors of Dermatophilus congolensis

Answer 16

flies and ticks

Question 17

Lesions of Dermatophilosis typically begin around these areas

Answer 17

✓ muzzle and hooves
✓ dorsal midline

Question 18

The respiratory efflux of low concentrations of __________ from the skin attracts the motile zoospores to susceptible areas on the skin surface.

Answer 18

carbon dioxide

Question 19

D. congolensis zoospores germinate to produce what?

Answer 19

hyphae

Question 20

In most acute infections of dermatophilosis, the filamentous invasion of the epidermis ceases in ________ weeks, and the lesions heal spontaneously.

Answer 20

2–3 weeks

Question 21

In dermatophilosis, the high ___________ concentration produced by the dense population of zoospores accelerates their escape to the skin surface, thus completing the unique life cycle.

Answer 21

carbon dioxide

Question 22

Animals will be painful but will not be pruritic.

What disease?

Answer 22

Dermatophilosis

Question 23

Two forms of the Dermatophilosis disease exist in sheep:

Answer 23

✓ mycotic dermatitis
✓ Strawberry foot rot

Question 24

mycotic dermatitis also known as

Answer 24

lumpy wool

Question 25

is characterized by crusts and wool matting, with exudates over the back and sides of adult animals and about the face of lambs

Answer 25

Mycotic dermatitis

Question 26

is characterized by crusts and inflammation between the carpi and/or tarsi and the coronary bands

Answer 26

Strawberry foot rot

Question 27

In these animals, similar clinical signs of crusty, suppurative dermatitis are seen; the disease is often referred to as cutaneous streptothricosis in these species.

Answer 27

goats and cattle

Question 28

In goats and cattle, the disease is often referred to as ____________ in these species.

Answer 28

cutaneous streptothricosis

Question 29

Lesions in younger goats with cutaneous streptothricosis or dermatophilosis are seen along in these areas.

Answer 29

tips of the ears and under the tail

Question 30

In cattle, the Dermatophilosis lesions can be observed in three stages:

Answer 30

✓ Stage 1 - Hairs matted together as paintbrush lesions ✓ Stage 2 - Crust or scab formation as the initial lesions coalesce ✓ Stage 3 - Accumulations of cutaneous keratinized material forming wart-like lesions

Question 32

What stage can be observed in this Dermatophilosis lesions? Hairs matted together as paintbrush lesions.

Answer 32

Stage 1

Question 33

What stage can be observed in this Dermatophilosis lesions? Crust or scab formation as the initial lesions coalesce

Answer 33

Stage 2

Question 34

What stage can be observed in this Dermatophilosis lesions? Accumulations of cutaneous keratinized material forming wart-like lesions

Answer 34

Stage 3

Question 36

Typical lesions caused by dermatophilosis consist of

Answer 36

raised, matted tufts of hair

Question 37

Most dermatophilosis lesions associated with prolonged wetting of the skin are distributed over the following areas of the body

Answer 37

✓ head ✓ dorsal surfaces of the neck and body ✓ upper lateral surfaces of the neck and chest

Question 38

Cattle that stand for long periods in deep water and mud develop Dermatophilosis lesions in areas such as

Answer 38

skin folds of the flexor surfaces of the joints

Question 39

In dermatophilosis, lesions initiated by biting flies (mechanical vectors) are found primarily on the _______, whereas lesions induced by ticks are primarily on the __________...

Answer 39

✓ Back ✓ Head, ears, axillae, groin, and scrotum

Question 40

are characterized by pyramid-shaped masses of scab material bound to wool fibers

Answer 40

Chronic lumpy wool infections

Question 41

is a proliferative dermatitis affecting the skin from the coronet to the carpus or hock

Answer 41

Strawberry foot rot

Question 42

note crusts on neck, back, legs; close-up of raised crusts What disease?

Answer 42

Dermatophilosis

Question 43

have been used as wool dusts in sheep to prevent dermatophilosis

Answer 43

Potash alum and aluminum sulfate

Question 44

These solutions can be use in treating the animals and are also useful in clearing Dermatophilosis disease.

Answer 44

✓ povidone-iodine shampoos ✓ chlorhexidine solutions

Question 46

Dermatophilus congolensis are susceptible to a wide range of antimicrobials: Give at least 3

Answer 46

tetracyclines, amoxicillin, penicillin G erythromycin, spiramycin, ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, and novobiocin.

Question 47

Is Dermatophilosis zoonotic?

Answer 47

Yes