Dermis

Question 1

Dermis

Answer 1

•Connective tissue
• Underlies the epidermis

Question 2

2 layers of the dermis:

Answer 2

• papillary layer
• reticular layer

Question 3

Upper dermal regions contain projections called dermal papillae

Answer 3

Papillary layer

Question 4

Indent the epidermis above
Many projections contain. capillary loops, and other house pain and touch receptors.
On palm and sole surfaces, paillar increase friction and gripping ability.
Fingerprints are identifying films of sweat.

Answer 4

Papillae layer

Question 5

Deepest skin layer

Answer 5

Reticular layer

Question 6

• Blood vessels
• sweat and oil glands
• deep pressure receptors

Answer 6

Lamellar corpuscles

Question 7

Other dermal features

Answer 7

• cutaneous sensory receptors
• phagocytes
• collagen and elastic fibers
• blood vessels

Question 8

Yellow, reddish brown, or black pigments

Answer 8

Melanin

Question 9

Orange-yelloe pigment from some vegetables

Answer 9

Carotene

Question 10

• Red coloring from blood cells in dermal capillaries
• Oxygen content determines the extent of red coloring

Answer 10

Hemoglobin

Question 11

Due to embarrassment inflammation, hypertension, fever, or allergy.

Answer 11

Redness (erythema)

Question 12

Due to emotional stress (such as fear), anemia, low blood pressure, impaired blood flow to an area.

Answer 12

Pallor (blanching)

Question 13

Indicates a liver disorder

Answer 13

Jaundice (yellow cast)

Question 14

Hematomas

Answer 14

Bruises (black and blue marks)

Question 15

Cutaneous glands are all exocrine glands

Answer 15

• sebaceous glands
•< sweat glands

Question 16

•Located all over the skin except for palms and soles
• Produce sebum (oil)
• most have ducts that empty into hair follicles;, other open directly onto skin surface
• glands are actived at puberty

Answer 16

Sebaceous (oil) glands

Question 17

• produce sweat
• widely distributed in skin

Answer 17

Sweat (sudoriferous) gland

Question 18

2 types of sudoriferous glands

Answer 18

• eccrine glands
• Apocrine glands

Question 19

Open via duct to sweat pores on the sklns surface
• produce acidic sweat
• function in body temperature regulation

Answer 19

Eccrine gland

Question 20

•Ducts empty into hair follicles in the armpit and genitals
• Begin to function at puberty
• Release swear that also contains fatty acids and proteins
• Play a minimal role in the body temperature regulation

Answer 20

Apocrine glands

Question 21

• consist of hart keratinized epithelial cells
• melanocytes provide pigment for hair color
• hair grows in the matrix of the hair bulb kn stratum basale

Answer 21

Hair

Question 22

• Central medulla
• Cortex sorrounds medulla
• cuticle on outside of cortex

Answer 22

Hair anatomy

Question 23

• Heavily keratinized, scale-like modifications of the epidermis
• Stratum basale extends beneath the nail bed, which is responsible for growth
• Lack of pigment makes nails colorless

Answer 23

Nails

Question 24

• caused by fungal infection (Tinea pedis)
• Itchy, red peeling skin between the toes

Answer 24

• Athlete’s foot

Question 25

• Caused by inflammation of hair follicles • carbuncles are clusters of boils caused by bacteria

Answer 25

• Boils (furuncles) and carbuncles

Question 26

• Caused by human herpesvirus 1 • Blisters itch and sting

Answer 26

Cold sores (fever blisters)

Question 27

• Caused by exposure to chemicals that provoke allergic responses • Itching, redness, and swelling of the skin

Answer 27

• Contact dermatitis

Question 28

• caused by bacterial infection • link, fluid raised lesions around mouth/nose

Answer 28

Impetigo

Question 29

Triggered by trauma, infection, hormonal changes, or stress • red, epiderma lesions covered with dry, silvery scales that itch, burn, crack, or sometimes bleed

Answer 29

Psoriasis

Question 30

• Tusse damage and cell death caused by heart •< Results in loss of body fluids and infection from the invasion of bacteria

Answer 30

Burns

Question 31

Body is divided into _____ areas for quick estimation

Answer 31

11

Question 32

• Body is divided into 11 areas for quick estimation •< each area represent s about 8 percent of total body surface area • The area sorrounding the genitals (the perineum represent 1 percent of body surface area

Answer 32

Homeostatic imbalance of skin

Question 33

• only epidermis is damaged • skin is red and swollen

Answer 33

First- degree burn +superficial burn)

Question 34

• epidermis and the superficial part of dermis are damaged • skin is red, painful, and blistered • regrowth of the epithelium can pccur

Answer 34

Second- degree burn (partial-thickness burn)

Question 35

• destroys epidermis and dermis; the burned area is painless •requires skin grafts, as regeneration is possible • burned area is blanched (gray-white) or black

Answer 35

Third-degree burn (full thickness burn

Question 36

• extends int deeper tissues (bone, muscle, tendons) • Appears dry and leathery • requires surgery and grafting •< may require amputation

Answer 36

Fourth- degree burn,(bone,muscle, tendons)

Question 37

Over _____ percent of body has second-degree burns

Answer 37

30

Question 38

Over _____ percent of the body has third or fourth-degree burns

Answer 38

10

Question 39

Thirds pr fourth-degree burns of the:

Answer 39

Face, hands, or feet, genitals

Question 40

• most common form of cancer in humans • most important risk factor is overexposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation in sunlight and tanning beds

Answer 40

Skin cancer

Question 41

Cancer can be classified two ways:

Answer 41

Benign and malignant

Question 42

Means the neoplasm (tumor) had not spread

Answer 42

Benign

Question 43

Means the neoplasm has invaded other body areas

Answer 43

Malignant

Question 44

Most common types of skin cancer:

Answer 44

• basal cell carcinoma • squamous cell carcinoma • malignant melanoma

Question 45

•Least malignant and most common type of skin cancer • Arises from cells in stratum basale that are altered so that they can no longer make keratin • lesions appear as shiny, dome-shaped nodules that develop a central ulcer

Answer 45

Basal cell carcinoma

Question 46

• Believed to be induced by UV.exposure • Arises from cells of stratum spinosum • Lesions appear as scaly, reddened papules that gradually dorm shallow ulcers • early removal allows a good chance of cure • mestasizes to limph nodes if not removed

Answer 46

Squamous cell carcinoma

Question 47

• most deadly of skin cancers, but accounts for only 5 percent of skin cancers • arises from melanocytes • mestasizes rapidly to lymp and blood vessels • detection uses ABCDE rule for recognizing melanoma

Answer 47

Malignant melanoma

Question 48

Two sides of pigmented mole do not match

Answer 48

Assymetry

Question 49

A downy hair, covers the boat by the fifth or sixth month of detail development but disappears by birth.

Answer 49

Lanugo

Question 50

An oily covering, is apparent at birth

Answer 50

Vernix caseosa

Question 51

Small white spots, ate common at birth and disappear by the third week

Answer 51

Milia

Question 52

May appear during adolescence

Answer 52

Acne