Describe Core Azure Services Flashcards

Question

Azure DNS

Answer 1

FAST - provides ultra-fast DNS responses | AVAILABILITY - ultra-high domain availability

Answer 2

Lets you reduce load times, save bandwidth, and speed responsiveness—whether you're developing or managing websites

Answer 3

Protects Azure-hosted applications from distributed denial of service (DDOS) attacks

Answer 4

Distributes network traffic across Azure regions worldwide

Answer 5

Connects to Azure over high-bandwidth dedicated secure connections

Answer 6

Monitors and diagnoses network issues using scenario-based analysis

Answer 7

HA and SCALABLE | Implements high-security, high-availability firewall with unlimited scalability

Answer 8

Creates a unified wide area network (WAN), connecting local and remote sites

Answer 9

LARGE - Storage service for very large objects, such as video files or bitmaps

Answer 10

File shares that you can access and manage like a file server

Answer 11

A data store for queuing and reliably delivering messages between applications

Answer 12

A NoSQL store that hosts unstructured data independent of any schema

Answer 13

DURABLE and highly available with redundancy and replication. SECURE through automatic encryption and role-based access control. SCALABLE with virtually unlimited storage. MANAGED, handling maintenance and any critical problems for you. ACCESSIBLE from anywhere in the world over HTTP or HTTPS.

Answer 14

Azure enables developers to create mobile backend services for iOS, Android, and Windows apps quickly and easily. Features that used to take time and increase project risks, such as adding corporate sign-in and then connecting to on-premises resources such as SAP, Oracle, SQL Server, and SharePoint, are now simple to include.

Answer 15

Globally distributed NoSQL (semi-structured data) Database service Schema-less Multiple APIs (SQL, MongoDB, Cassandra, Gremlin, Table Storage) Designed for - Highly responsive (real time) applications with super low latency responses <10ms - Multi-regional applications

Answer 16

Reliable relational database based on SQL Server

Answer 17

Azure SQL version for MySQL database engine

Answer 18

Azure SQL version for PostgreSQL database engine

Answer 19

Fully fledged SQL Server on IaaS

Answer 20

Azure SQL DW (Synapse) – Massively Parallel Processing (MPP) version of SQL Server

Answer 21

DATABASES - Migrates your databases to the cloud with no application code changes

Answer 22

DATABASES - Caches frequently used and static data to reduce data and application latency

Answer 23

DATABASES - Fully managed and scalable MariaDB relational database with high availability and security

Answer 24

WEB - Quickly create powerful cloud web-based apps

Answer 25

WEB - Send push notifications to any platform from any back end.

Answer 26

WEB - Publish APIs to developers, partners, and employees securely and at scale.

Answer 27

WEB - Fully managed search as a service.

Answer 28

WEB - Create and deploy mission-critical web apps at scale.

Answer 29

WEB - Add real-time web functionalities easily.

Answer 30

SaaS - IoT App Platform Industry specific app templates No deep technical knowledge required Service for connecting, management and monitoring IoT devices Highly secure, scalable and reliable Built on top of the IoT Hub service and 30+ other services

Answer 31

PaaS Managed service for bi-directional communication Highly secure, scalable and reliable Integrates with a lot of Azure Services Programmable SDKs for popular languages (C, C#, Java, Python, Node.js) Multiple protocols (HTTPS, AMQP, MQTT)

Answer 32

Push your data analysis models directly onto your IoT devices, allowing them to react quickly to state changes without needing to consult cloud-based AI models.

Answer 33

``` Big data analytics platform (PaaS) Multiple components - Spark - Synapse SQL - > SQL pools (dedicated – pay for provisioned performance) - > SQL on-demand (ad-hoc – pay for TB processed) - Synapse Pipelines (Data Factory – ETL) - Studio (unified experience) ```

Answer 34

Flexible multi-purpose big data platform (PaaS) Multiple technologies supported (Hadoop, Spark, Kafka, HBase, Hive, Storm, Machine Learning) Open-source enterprise-level analytics service that provides for fast and cost-effective processing of massive amounts of data.

Answer 35

Big data collaboration platform (PaaS) Unified workspace for notebook, cluster, data, access management and collaboration Based on Apache Spark Integrates very well with common Azure data services

Answer 36

``` Velocity - how fast the data is coming in or how fast we are processing it - Batch - Periodic - Near Real Time - Real Time Volume - how much data we are processing - Megabytes - Gigabyte - Terabytes - Gigabytes Variety - how structured/complex the data is - Tables - Databases - Photo, Audio - Video, Social Media ```

Answer 37

MACHINE LEARNING - AI is based around a broad range of services, the core of which is Machine Learning. FORECASTING - Machine Learning is a data science technique that allows computers to use existing data to forecast future behaviors, outcomes, and trends. Using machine learning, computers learn without being explicitly programmed. Forecasts or predictions from machine learning can make apps and devices smarter. For example, when you shop online, machine learning helps recommend other products you might like based on what you've purchased. Or when your credit card is swiped, machine learning compares the transaction to a database of transactions and helps detect fraud. And when your robot vacuum cleaner vacuums a room, machine learning helps it decide whether the job is done.

Answer 38

AI - Cloud-based environment you can use to develop, train, test, deploy, manage, and track machine learning models. It can auto-generate a model and auto-tune it for you. It will let you start training on your local machine, and then scale out to the cloud

Answer 39

AI - Collaborative, drag-and-drop visual workspace where you can build, test, and deploy machine learning solutions using pre-built machine learning algorithms and data-handling modules

Answer 40

These are pre-built APIs you can leverage in your applications to solve complex problems.

Answer 41

COGNITIVE SERVICES - Image-processing algorithms to smartly identify, caption, index, and moderate your pictures and videos.

Answer 42

COGNITIVE SERVICES - Convert spoken audio into text, use voice for verification, or add speaker recognition to your app.

Answer 43

COGNITIVE SERVICES - Map complex information and data in order to solve tasks such as intelligent recommendations and semantic search.

Answer 44

COGNITIVE SERVICES - Add Bing Search APIs to your apps and harness the ability to comb billions of webpages, images, videos, and news with a single API call.

Answer 45

COGNITIVE SERVICES - Allow your apps to process natural language with pre-built scripts, evaluate sentiment and learn how to recognize what users want.

Answer 46

CONTINUOUS - DevOps (Development and Operations) brings together people, processes, and technology, automating software delivery to provide continuous value to your users.

Answer 47

Azure DevOps Services (formerly known as Visual Studio Team Services, or VSTS), provides development collaboration tools including high-performance pipelines, free private Git repositories, configurable Kanban boards, and extensive automated and cloud-based load testing

Answer 48

Quickly create on-demand Windows and Linux environments you can use to test or demo your applications directly from your deployment pipelines

Answer 49

AGNOSTIC - Azure App Service is an HTTP-based service that enables you to build and host many types of web-based solutions without managing infrastructure.

Answer 50

Scale refers to adding network bandwidth, memory, storage, or compute power to achieve better performance. Scaling up, or vertical scaling means to increase the memory, storage, or compute power on an existing virtual machine. For example, you can add additional memory to a web or database server to make it run faster. Scaling out, or horizontal scaling means to add extra virtual machines to power your application. For example, you might create many virtual machines configured in exactly the same way and use a load balancer to distribute work across them.

Answer 51

Azure Cloud Shell is a browser-based command-line experience for managing and developing Azure resources. Think of Cloud Shell as an interactive console that you run in the cloud. Cloud Shell provides two experiences to choose from, Bash and PowerShell. Both include access to the Azure command-line interface called Azure CLI and to Azure PowerShell.

Answer 52

Azure portal for interacting with Azure via a Graphical User Interface (GUI) Azure PowerShell and Azure Command-Line Interface (CLI) for command line and automation-based interactions with Azure Azure Cloud Shell for a web-based command-line interface Azure mobile app for monitoring and managing your resources from your mobile device

Answer 53

The Azure portal is a public website that you can access with any web browser. Once you sign in with your Azure account, you can create, manage, and monitor any available Azure services. Not automated.

Answer 54

Azure PowerShell is a module that you can install for Windows PowerShell or PowerShell Core, which is a cross-platform version of PowerShell that runs on Windows, Linux, or macOS. Azure PowerShell enables you to connect to your Azure subscription and manage resources.

Answer 55

cross-platform command-line program that connects to Azure and executes administrative commands on Azure resources.

Answer 56

Azure Cloud Shell is an interactive, authenticated, browser-accessible shell for managing Azure resources. It provides the flexibility of choosing the shell experience that best suits the way you work, either Bash or PowerShell.

Answer 57

The Microsoft Azure mobile app allows you to access, manage, and monitor all your Azure accounts and resources from your iOS or Android phone or tablet.

Answer 58

Free service built into Azure that provides recommendations on high availability, security, performance, operational excellence, and cost. Advisor analyzes your deployed services and looks for ways to improve your environment across those areas.

Answer 59

ON DEMAND - Azure compute is an on-demand computing service for running cloud-based applications SERVERLESS - also provides serverless computing to run apps without requiring infrastructure setup or configuration.

Answer 60

Virtual machines Containers Azure App Service Serverless computing

Answer 61

EMULATION - virtual machines, or VMs, are software emulations of physical computers. They include a virtual processor, memory, storage, and networking resources. HOST OS - they host an operating system (OS), and you're able to install and run software just like a physical computer. RDP - and by using a remote desktop client, you can use and control the virtual machine as if you were sitting in front of it.

Answer 62

OS - Virtualisation environment for running apps but unlike VMs, containers don't include an operating system for the apps running inside the container. Instead, containers bundle the libraries and components needed to run the application and use the existing host OS running the container. For example, if five containers are running on a server with a specific Linux kernel, all five containers and the apps within them share that same Linux kernel.

Answer 63

PaaS - Azure App Service is a platform-as-a-service (PaaS) offering in Azure that is designed to host enterprise-grade web-oriented applications. You can meet rigorous performance, scalability, security, and compliance requirements while using a fully managed platform to perform infrastructure maintenance.

Answer 64

ABSTRACTION OF HOST - Serverless computing is a cloud-hosted execution environment that runs your code but completely abstracts the underlying hosting environment. NO INFRA CONFIG - you create an instance of the service, and you add your code; no infrastructure configuration or maintenance is required, or even allowed.

Answer 65

CONTROL - Total control over the operating system (OS) CUSTOMx2 - The ability to run custom software, or To use custom hosting configurations

Answer 66

Availability sets Virtual Machine Scale Sets Azure Batch

Answer 67

TWO or MORE VMs - an availability set is a logical grouping of two or more VMs that help keep your application available during planned or unplanned maintenance.

Answer 68

MS UPDATE - A planned maintenance event is when the underlying Azure fabric that hosts VMs is updated by Microsoft.

Answer 69

Update domains indicate groups of VMs and underlying physical hardware that can be rebooted at the same time. Availability set would dictate that the VMs within it are not updated at the same time.

Answer 70

Unplanned maintenance events involve a hardware failure in the data center, such as a server power outage or disk failure.

Answer 71

A fault domain is essentially a rack of servers. It provides the physical separation of your workload across different power, cooling, and network hardware that support the physical servers in the data center server racks.

Answer 72

Up to three fault domains that each have a server rack with dedicated power and network resources Five logical update domains which then can be increased to a maximum of 20

Answer 73

HA - Scale sets allow you to centrally manage, configure, and update a large number of VMs in minutes to provide highly available applications. AUTOMATIC - The number of VM instances can automatically increase or decrease in response to demand or a defined schedule

Answer 74

LARGE-SCALE - Azure Batch enables large-scale job scheduling and compute management with the ability to scale to tens, hundreds, or thousands of VMs.

Answer 75

FAST - Fastest and simplest way to run a container in Azure NO HOST CONFIG - You don't have to manage any virtual machines or configure any additional services PaaS - It is a PaaS offering that allows you to upload your containers and execute them directly with automatic elastic scale.

Answer 76

ORCHESTRATION of LARGE NUMBER - The task of automating, managing, and interacting with a large number of containers is known as orchestration. Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS) is a complete orchestration service for containers with distributed architectures with multiple containers.

Answer 77

Web Apps API Apps WebJobs Mobile Apps

Answer 78

Abstraction of servers: Serverless computing abstracts the servers you run on Event-driven scale: Serverless computing is an excellent fit for workloads that respond to incoming events. Micro-billing: Traditional computing has the notion of per-second billing, but often, that's not as useful as it seems. Even if a customer's website gets only one hit a day, they still pay for a full day's worth of availability. With serverless computing, they pay only for the time their code runs

Answer 79

Azure Functions, which can execute code in almost any modern language. Azure Logic Apps, which are designed in a web-based designer and can execute logic triggered by Azure services without writing any code.

Answer 80

Azure Functions can be either stateless (the default), where they behave as if they're restarted every time they respond to an event, or stateful (called "Durable Functions"), where a context is passed through the function to track prior activity.

Answer 81

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/learn/modules/intro-to-azure-compute/6-serverless-computing

Answer 82

Automated backup and recovery: mitigates the risk of losing your data if there is any unforeseen failure or interruption. Replication across the globe: copies your data to protect it against any planned or unplanned events, such as scheduled maintenance or hardware failures. You can choose to replicate your data at multiple locations across the globe. Support for data analytics: supports performing analytics on your data consumption. Encryption capabilities: data is encrypted to make it highly secure; you also have tight control over who can access the data. Multiple data types: Azure can store almost any type of data you need. It can handle video files, text files, and even large binary files like virtual hard disks. It also has many options for your relational and NoSQL data. Data storage in virtual disks: Azure also has the capability of storing up to 32 TB of data in its virtual disks. This capability is significant when you're storing heavy data such as videos and simulations. Storage tiers: storage tiers to prioritize access to data based on frequently used versus rarely used information.

Answer 83

Structured data. SCHEMA - Structured data is data that adheres to a schema, so all of the data has the same fields or properties. Structured data can be stored in a database table with rows and columns. RELATIONAL - AKA Relational data as the data's schema defines the table of data, the fields in the table, and the clear relationship between the two. Semi-structured data. HIERARCHY - Semi-structured data doesn't fit neatly into tables, rows, and columns. Instead, semi-structured data uses tags or keys that organize and provide a hierarchy for the data. NoSQL - Semi-structured data is also referred to as non-relational or NoSQL data. Unstructured data. UNRESTRICTED - Unstructured data encompasses data that has no designated structure to it. This lack of structure also means that there are no restrictions on the kinds of data it can hold. For example, a blob can hold a PDF document, a JPG image, a JSON file, video content, etc. As such, unstructured data is becoming more prominent as businesses try to tap into new data sources.

Answer 84

Azure SQL Database is a relational database as a service (DaaS). You can use it to build data-driven applications and websites in the programming language of your choice without needing to manage infrastructure. Azure Cosmos DB is a globally distributed database service. It supports schema-less data that lets you build highly responsive and Always On applications to support constantly changing data. Azure Blob Storage is unstructured, meaning that there are no restrictions on the kinds of data it can hold. Blobs are highly scalable and apps work with blobs in much the same way as they would work with files on a disk, such as reading and writing data. Azure Data Lake Storage large repository that stores both structured and unstructured data. Azure Files offers fully managed file shares in the cloud that are accessible via the industry standard Server Message Block (SMB) protocol. Azure Queue storage is a service for storing large numbers of messages that can be accessed from anywhere in the world. Disk storage provides disks for virtual machines, applications, and other services to access and use as they need, similar to how they would in on-premises scenarios. https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/learn/modules/intro-to-data-in-azure/3-how-azure-storage-meets-your-business-storage-needs

Answer 85

Hot storage tier: optimized for storing data that is accessed frequently. Cool storage tier: optimized for data that are infrequently accessed and stored for at least 30 days. Archive storage tier: for data that are rarely accessed and stored for at least 180 days with flexible latency requirements.

Answer 86

Azure Storage Service Encryption (SSE) for data at rest helps you secure your data to meet the organization's security and regulatory compliance. It encrypts the data before storing it and decrypts the data before returning it. The encryption and decryption are transparent to the user. Client-side encryption is where the data is already encrypted by the client libraries. Azure stores the data in the encrypted state at rest, which is then decrypted during retrieval.

Answer 87

Cost effectiveness - no CAPEX. Change in reqs = change in hardware. Scaling not possible between peak and off-peak Reliability - on-prem requires backup, load balancing and DR. Azure backup provides all of this. Storage types - file and DB for eg. Azure Data Storage allows FLEXIBILITY Agility - allows you to create new services in minutes

Answer 88

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/learn/modules/intro-to-data-in-azure/4-comparison-azure-and-on-prem-storage

Answer 89

Availability refers to how long your service is up and running without interruption. High availability, or highly available, refers to a service that's up and running for a long period of time.

Answer 90

Resiliency refers to a system's ability to stay operational during abnormal conditions. These conditions include: Natural disasters System maintenance, both planned and unplanned, including software updates and security patches. Spikes in traffic to your site Threats made by malicious parties, such as distributed denial of service, or DDoS, attacks

Answer 91

A load balancer distributes traffic evenly among each system in a pool. A load balancer can help you achieve both high availability and resiliency.

Answer 92

Load Balancer supports inbound and outbound scenarios, provides low latency and high throughput, and scales up to millions of flows for all Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram Protocol (UDP) applications. You can use Load Balancer with incoming internet traffic, internal traffic across Azure services, port forwarding for specific traffic, or outbound connectivity for VMs in your virtual network.

Answer 93

If all your traffic is HTTP, a potentially better option is to use Azure Application Gateway. Application Gateway is a load balancer designed for web applications. It uses Azure Load Balancer at the transport level (TCP) and applies sophisticated URL-based routing rules to support several advanced scenarios.

Answer 94

Cookie affinity. Useful when you want to keep a user session on the same backend server. SSL termination. Application Gateway can manage your SSL certificates and pass unencrypted traffic to the backend servers to avoid encryption/decryption overhead. It also supports full end-to-end encryption for applications that require that. Web application firewall. Application gateway supports a sophisticated firewall (WAF) with detailed monitoring and logging to detect malicious attacks against your network infrastructure. URL rule-based routes. Application Gateway allows you to route traffic based on URL patterns, source IP address and port to destination IP address and port. This is helpful when setting up a content delivery network. Rewrite HTTP headers. You can add or remove information from the inbound and outbound HTTP headers of each request to enable important security scenarios, or scrub sensitive information such as server names.

Answer 95

(CDN) is a distributed network of servers that can efficiently deliver web content to users. It is a way to get content to users in their local region to minimize latency. Typical usage scenarios include web applications containing multimedia content, a product launch event in a particular region, or any event where you expect a high-bandwidth requirement in a region.

Answer 96

map user-friendly names to their IP addresses.

Answer 97

Latency refers to the time it takes for data to travel over the network. Latency is typically measured in milliseconds. Bandwidth refers to the amount of data that can fit on the connection. Latency refers to the time it takes for that data to reach its destination.

Answer 98

Traffic Manager uses the DNS server that's closest to the user to direct user traffic to a globally distributed endpoint. https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/learn/modules/intro-to-azure-networking/4-reduce-latency-traffic-manager

Answer 99

Azure Load Balancer distributes traffic within the same region to make your services more highly available and resilient. Traffic Manager works at the DNS level, and directs the client to a preferred endpoint. This endpoint can be to the region that's closest to your user.

Answer 100

A "thing" in the IoT world is often a sensor device. The device has some processing power but isn't a computer that can compare with a smartphone, laptop, PC, or workstation. The sensor device typically takes some measurements (including temperature, velocity, acceleration, and humidity) at a specified time interval. The device then transmits the values for processing to the cloud. These values are called telemetry.

Answer 101

Event Grid aggregates all your events and provides routing from any source to any destination. Event Grid is a service that manages the routing and delivery of events from many sources and subscribers. This process eliminates the need for polling, and results in minimized cost and latency.

Answer 102

``` Grouping of resources Holds logically related resources Typically organizing by - Type - Lifecycle (app, environment) - Department - Billing, - Location or - combination of those ``` Each resource must be in one, and only one resource group Resource groups have their own location assigned Resources in the resource groups can reside in a different locations Resources can be moved between the resource groups Resource groups can’t be nested Organize based on your organization needs but consider - Billing - Security and access management - Application Lifecycle

Answer 103

SaaS Secure end-2-end IoT Solutions - Azure Sphere certified chips (microcontroller units - MCUs) - Azure Sphere OS based on Linux - Azure Security Service trusted device-to-cloud communication

Answer 104

Structured - Data that can be represented using tables with very strict schema. Each row must follow defined schema. Some tables have defined relationships between them. Typically used in relational databases. Semi-structured - Data that can be represented using tables but without strict defined schema. Rows must only have unique key identifier. Unstructured - Any files in any format. Like binary files, application files, images, movies, etc.

Answer 105

Relational database service in the cloud (PaaS) (DBaaS - Database as a Service) Structured data service defined using schema and relationships Rich Query Capabilities (SQL) High-performance, reliable, fully managed and secure database for building - applications

Answer 106

Fully fledged SQL Server managed by cloud provider

Answer 107

Object used to manage services in Azure Represents service lifecycle Saved as JSON definition