Detente 1963 - 75 Flashcards
What was the Test Ban treaty?
1963 Moscow banned non-underground nuclear tests
Who is Khrushchev replaced by in 1964?
Leonid Brezhnev
What was the non- proliferation treaty?
1968 aimed to prevent spread of nuclear weapons + promote cooperation
When was SALT I and SALT II?
SALT I 1969 arms reduction deal, both sides compromised
USA had more MIRVs but USSR had more nuclear missiles
SALT II 1972-79 but never ratified
Operation Rolling Thunder
1965 huge bombing campaign Vietnam damaged int’l rep. of USA -> Eu countries re-thought allegiance
Tet offensive
1968 massive military offensive created a lot of public opinion against Vietnam War
-> further domestic distraction
Sino-Soviet border conflict
1969 nearly escalates into all out war, USSR attention away from Europe Germany temporarily not a focal point for tension
Policies of De Gaulle
1963 Rejects britain from EEC as too close w/ USA
1966 withdraws French troops from NATO - rejection of ‘bloc mentality’
Hamel Report
1967 Belgian foreign minister Hamel redefined role of NATO to include seeking detente
Work of Willy Brandt
Chancellor of FRG 1969-74
1970 Moscow treaty - reconciliation FRG + USSR, disputes settled w/ Pol and Cze (bedrock of detente)
1970 Warsaw treaty, Oder Neisse line deemed inviolable, ‘71 awarded nobel peace prize
1972 Basic treaty FRG recognised legitimacy of GDR ending Hallstein doctrine, both nations to enter UN 1973
Prague Spring
1968 Dubcek introduced progressive reforms leading to Prague Spring
Brezhnev sent 500,000 warsaw pact troops to quell peaceful protest -> Brezhnev doctrine ensured acceptance of Soviet communism
West did not get involved like in Hungary
Paris peace accords
1572 USA declares withdrawal from Vietnam
Helsinki Accords
1575 agreement included ‘3 baskets’ (human rights issues raised) signed by 33 countries
inc USSR
When were soviet SS 20 missiles placed in central europe?
1976 effectively ended detente with renewed military aggression
