Deterring Emigration with Foreign Aid

Question 1

What did the specific initiatives include?

Answer 1

curb migration by employment creation (espec. for women and youth), providing basic local services, migration management and governance such as conflict prevention and border management.
Also vocational training, food security or rule of law capacity building

Question 2

what is the effect of development itself on migration?

“mobility transition”

Answer 2

migration is often viewed as an investment, exchanging initial costs for future income gains
Economic development in poor countries tends to encourage emigration

Question 3

what is migration used for?

Answer 3

as a form of insurance to diversify household income and reduce vulnerability to socks

Question 4

what’s the issue with youth employment?

Answer 4

higher yough employment is associated with lower emigration rates, given that overall economic development constant.
Economic growth that generates employment increase emigration.
-> creating jobs in countries that remain poor reduce migration

Question 5

overall effect of aid on migration according studies?

Answer 5

just few studies but no clear evidence for deterring migration.
Some have found a positive relationship (aid increases migration), others have shown no effect

Question 6

4 lessons of the article?

Answer 6

1. short-term: help in reducing sudden migration in countries that remain poor vs. long-term: sustainable economic growth increase emigration
2. lack of transparent and detailed information
3. policymakers and researchers should focus on diverse experiments in local contexts
4. looking beyond deterrence: realities pointing to large future migration flows, so aid agencies should focus on shaping migration for mnutual benefit such as faciliating safe, legal channels for labor mobility and strengtening training institutions in origin countries