Development and milestones

Question 1

For preterm babies what age do you use when assessing development?

Answer 1

Corrected age

This is the chronological age minus the number of weeks they were preterm

Question 2

Red flags at 6 weeks

Answer 2

Not fixing/following

Not smiling

Question 3

A fixed squint at what age is a red flag?

Answer 3

3 months

Question 4

Red flags at 4 months

Answer 4

Head lag

Cannot bring hands together

Question 5

Red flags at 6 months

Answer 5

Cannot roll over F-B

Question 6

An inability to sit unsupported is a red flag at what age?

Answer 6

9 months

Question 7

12 month red flags

Answer 7

Not crawling

Not babbling

Question 8

18 month red flags

Answer 8

Not walking or speaking

Cannot understand commands

Question 9

Red flags at 36 months

Answer 9

Unintelligible speech

Question 10

Regression or loss of skills is a red flag when?

Answer 10

ANY age

Question 11

Early hand preference

Answer 11

Red flag before ~12 months

Question 12

Non-age specific red flags

Answer 12

Regression
Hearing loss
Low or increased muscle tone 
Persistent toe walking
Persistent primitive reflexes- moro
Maternal concern 
Discordant development

Question 13

The 4 domains of development

Answer 13

Gross Motor
Fine Motor
Hearing, Speech and language
Social, emotional and behavioural

Question 14

Primitive reflexes

Answer 14

Tonic neck 
Grasp 
Step
Crawl
Moro
Sucking

Question 15

Moro reflex

Answer 15

Pretend to drop baby
Arms come out
Lasts until ~4/12

Question 16

Global developmental delay

Answer 16

Delay in 2 or more areas

Question 17

Causes of global developmental delay

Answer 17

Idiopathic mostly
ASD
Hypothyroidism
HIE
PVL
IVH 
Head trauma 
Neglect

Question 18

Palmar grasp

Answer 18

6/12

Question 19

Pincer grasp

Neat pincer

Answer 19

9/12

Neat at 12/12

Question 20

Hand preference

Answer 20

18/12

Question 21

Casting

Answer 21

12/12

Question 22

Build tower 2-4 blocks

Answer 22

18/12

Question 23

Hold head at 90 degrees in ventral suspension

Answer 23

3/12

Question 24

Rolls F-B

Answer 24

6/12

Question 25

Supported sitting and pulls to sit without head lag

Answer 25

6/12

Question 26

Unsupported sitting

Answer 26

9/12

Question 27

Cruising and briefly stand alone

Answer 27

12/12 | Cruising can occur from 10/12

Question 28

Walking well

Answer 28

18/12 2 years if bum shuffler

Question 29

Pushes wheeled toy

Answer 29

15/12

Question 30

Climbs on furniture

Answer 30

2 years

Question 31

Runs

Answer 31

16/12- 2 years

Question 32

Babbling

Answer 32

6/12

Question 33

Turns to sound

Answer 33

3/12

Question 34

Still in response to sound

Answer 34

6/52

Question 35

Two syllable words

Answer 35

9/12

Question 36

Knows name

Answer 36

12/12

Question 37

Joins 2-3 words

Answer 37

2 years

Question 38

Questioning and echolalia

Answer 38

2.5 years

Question 39

Short sentences

Answer 39

3 years

Question 40

Understands simple commands

Answer 40

15/12

Question 41

Fluent speech and defines words

Answer 41

5 years

Question 42

Smiling

Answer 42

6 weeks | Refer at 10 weeks if not doing it

Question 43

Laughing and putting objects in mouth

Answer 43

6/12

Question 44

Stranger anxiety and separation anxiety

Answer 44

9/12 Stranger anxiety becomes established at 12/12

Question 45

Object permanence

Answer 45

12/12

Question 46

Drinks from beaker with lid

Answer 46

12/12

Question 47

Wave goodbye

Answer 47

9/12

Question 48

Indicates wants without crying

Answer 48

15/12

Question 49

Regular sleep pattern

Answer 49

18 months-2 years

Question 50

Plays near but not with others | Won't share

Answer 50

2 years

Question 51

Role play and can feed themselves skilfully

Answer 51

2.5 years

Question 52

Toilet training

Answer 52

3 years

Question 53

Plays well with other children and shares 70% dry by night Unsupervised dressing

Answer 53

4 years

Question 54

Chooses own friends | Comforts in distress

Answer 54

5 years

Question 55

3 key referral points to remember for smiling, sitting and walking

Answer 55

Not smiling at 10 weeks Not sitting unsupported at 1 year Not walking by 18 months