Development and Organization of the Nervous System

Question 1

Central nervous system is composed of the:

Answer 1

Brain and spinal cord

Question 2

In the formation of the neural tube, what comes from the embryonic ectoderm?

Answer 2

Germ Layer

Question 3

Is an anatomic landmark that divides cells by function

Answer 3

Sulcus Limitans

Question 4

In the Primary Vesicle Stage of brain development, located in the rostral end of the tube is the:

Answer 4

Prosencephalon

Question 5

In the Primary Vesicle Stage of brain development, located in the middle is the:

Answer 5

Mesencephalon

Question 6

In the Primary Vesicle Stage of brain development, located in the caudal end is the:

Answer 6

Rhombencephalon

Question 7

How many bulges does the primary vesicle stage have?

Answer 7

Three bulges

Question 8

How many bulges does the Secondary Vesicle Stage have?

Answer 8

Five bulges

Question 9

Sulcus Limitans
1. Alar plate (dorsal portion): _______________ function
2. Basal plate (ventral portion): _______________ function

Answer 9

1. Sensory
2. Motor

Question 10

Neural Crest derivatives are:

Answer 10

• Dorsal Root ganglia (or Spinal ganglion) = collection of cell bodies
• Sensory ganglia of certain cranial nerves = can have a # of different functions
• Autonomic Ganglia = are in the walls of the viscera or the organs in the body
• Adrenal medulla

Question 11

What comes from the expansion of the Prosencephalon?

Answer 11

Telencephalon and Diencephalon

Question 12

What are the Two bulges that have developed from the Rhombencephalon?

Answer 12

Metencephalon and Myelencephalon

Question 13

What becomes the cerebrum?

Answer 13

Telencephalon

Question 14

What is the only division that does not form the brainstem?

Answer 14

Telencephalon

Question 15

Cerebrum + Brainstem

Answer 15

Anatomic Brain

Question 16

Forebrain + Midbrain + Hindbrain

Answer 16

Clinical Brain

Question 17

Is a passage that connects each lateral ventricular to the midline portion of the system, which will be the Third Ventricle

Answer 17

Interventricular Foramen

Question 18

The ventricle which is in the Telencephalon (Cerebrum), contains the interventricular foramen and connects to the third ventricle:

Answer 18

Lateral Ventricles

Question 19

Where is the Third Ventricle located?

Answer 19

Diencephalon

Question 20

Where is the Mesencephalic aqueduct passing through?

Answer 20

Mesencephalon

Question 21

The ventricle is known as the Rhomboid Fossa (because of its shape), located deep to the cerebellum and spans to brainstem divisions (metencephalon and myelencephalon):

Answer 21

Fourth Ventricle

Question 22

What is the lateral (apertures) opening of the Fourth Ventricle called?

Answer 22

Foramina of Luschka

Question 23

What is the median aperture of the Fourth Ventricle?

Answer 23

Foramen of Magendie

Question 24

Neural Tube to Brain Transition is caused by:

Answer 24

Brain Flexures

Question 25

A neural tube layer known as the marginal layer (most superficial) with continued growth and development into the adult stage turns into the __________________ of the spinal cord layer.

Answer 25

White Matter

Question 26

A neural tube layer known as the mantle layer with continued growth and development into the adult stage turns into the __________________ of the spinal cord layer.

Answer 26

Grey Matter

Question 27

A neural tube layer known as the germinal layer (surrounds the hollowed cavity of the developing neural tube) with continued growth and development into the adult stage turns into the __________________ of the spinal cord layer.

Answer 27

Ependymal Cells

Question 28

On the surface of the spinal cord, you will find:

Answer 28

Bundles of White Matter

Question 29

On the surface of the spinal cord: Bundle of white matter
- a LARGE bundle is called a ______________
- a SMALL bundle is called a ______________
- Bundles of white matter, i.e. nerve fibers, form various tracts
- tracts carry information up and down the spinal cord

Answer 29

• Funiculus
• Fasciculus

Question 30

Under the surface of the spinal cord, you will find:

Answer 30

Gray Matter

Question 31

Under the surface of the spinal cord: Gray Matter
- Gray ___________ also known as gray _______________

Answer 31

(1) horns
(2) columns

Question 32

Which of the following is not neatly divided into distinct layers?
a. brain
b. spinal cord

Answer 32

Brain

Question 33

In the brain the white matter is located:

Answer 33

under the surface

Question 34

In the brain the gray matter is located:

Answer 34

on the surface AND under the surface

Question 35

The peripheral nervous system (PNS) is made of:

Answer 35

Cell bodies and cell processes

Question 36

PNS
- Cell bodies form the _____________
- Nerve Fibers represent _____________

Answer 36

• Ganglia
• Cell Processes

Question 37

What represents the cell bodies of various neurons?

Answer 37

Gray matter of THE PNS

Question 38

Cell processes form the_______________ in the PNS

Answer 38

White Matter

Question 39

Cell processes or axons form the _____________

Answer 39

nerve fibers

Question 40

Implies a sensory function to the nerve, cell body or fiber

Answer 40

Afferent

Question 41

refers to the body structures

Answer 41

Somatic
(example: General Somatic Afferent, Special Somatic Afferent & General Somatic Efferent)

Question 42

viscera or body organs

Answer 42

Visceral
(example: Special Visceral Afferent, General Visceral Afferent, General Visceral Efferent & Special Visceral Efferent)

Question 43

motor fibers (aka. motor innervations)

Answer 43

Efferent