Development and Special Needs

Question 1

What are features of normal development?

Answer 1

Constant patters
Sequentional
Median age vs. age limit
Genetic factors
Environmental factors

Question 2

What is a developmental delay?

Answer 2

When function aspects of the childs development in one or more domains are significantly delayed compared to the expected level for age

Question 3

What are the developmental domains?

Answer 3

Motor
Language
Cognitive
Social
Emotional

Question 4

What is global developmental delay?

Answer 4

Performance below 2SD mean of age appropriate, normal referenced testing

Question 5

What is the scope of GDD?

Answer 5

1-3%

1% have autistic spectrum disorder

Only 1/3 identified before school

Question 6

What is the presentation of GDD?

Answer 6

During routine health surveillance
Children with ID'd RF's
Paternal concern
Professional contact
Opportunistic health contact
Healthy child programme

Question 7

How is child development assessed?

Answer 7

History and exam
Prenatal, perinatal and postnatal
Developmental milestones
Red book
Environmental, social and FH
Video recordings
Observation

Question 8

What are primary care assessment tools?

Answer 8

ASQ (Age stage questionnaire)
PEDS (parents evaluation)
M-CHAT (autism)
SOGS-2 (Growing skills)

Question 9

What is the quantification of developmental abilities?

Answer 9

Delay = global or isolated
Disorder = abnormal progression and presentation
Regression = loss of milestones

Question 10

What is done in the examination of a child?

Answer 10

Head circumference
Dysmorphic features
Skin abnormalities
Movement
Ability to sit and stand
Eye movement
General examination
Abdominal examination
Observation of behaviour

Question 11

What are some common syndroms?

Answer 11

Downs syndrome
Fragile X syndrome
William’s syndrome

Question 12

What is the percentage of vision disorders?

Answer 12

13-50%

Question 13

What is the percentage of hearing impairment?

Answer 13

18%

Question 14

What are red flag signs in children?

Answer 14

Loss of skills
Concerns with vision and hearing
Floppiness
No speech by 18-24 months
Asymmetry of movement
Persistent toe walking

Question 15

What are investigations are carried out on children?

Answer 15

Diagnostic test
Timing
Genetic testing
Creatine kinase
Thyroid screening
Metabolic testing
Opthalmological
Auditory
Congenital infection
Neuroimaging

Question 16

What are common problems - Motor?

Answer 16

Delayed maturation
Cerebral palsy
Developmental coordination disorder

Question 17

What are common problems - Language and cognitive?

Answer 17

Specific language impairment

Learning disability

Question 18

What are common problems - sensory?

Answer 18

Deafness
Visual impairments
Multisensory impairment

Question 19

What are common problems - social and communication?

Answer 19

Autism
Asperger
Elective mutism

Question 20

What is the personal learning plan (PLP)?

Answer 20

Thinking about and planning what and how a child learns. also a way of assessing their progress and acting on the results of the assessment

Question 21

What is the individualised education plane (IEP)?

Answer 21

Detailed plan for a child’s learning. It includes short-term learning targets which are:
-SMART

Question 22

What is co-ordinated support plan?

Answer 22

Detailed plan of how a child’s support network will be provided

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