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Development of attachment Flashcards

(5 cards)

1
Q

Describe Schaffer and Emerson’s procedure.

A

They conducted a longitudinal study on 60 infants from working class families in Glasgow.
The infants starting age was between 5-23 weeks old and they were studied monthly for 18 months.

Each month the mothers had to report the infants response to separation and the severity of their protest on a scale of 1-4.

Stranger anxiety was assessed at each interview.

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2
Q

What were the results of Schaffer and Emerson’s research?

A

3 months- indiscriminate attachment.
(new borns have to form a attachment for survival.)

4 months- preference of certain people.
(they will accept care from anyone but they can distinguish between primary and secondary caregivers.)

7 months- special preference for a single attachment figure.
(the baby looks for specific people for security. Shows stranger anxiety.)

9 months- multiple attachments.
(the baby becomes more independent and forms more attachments.)

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3
Q

What did they conclude about Schaffer and Emerson’s research?

A

39% of infants attached to someone other than the person who fed and bathed them.
3% had a primary attachment with their father.
65% of babies at 18 had the mother as their primary attachment figure.
31% of babies at 18 months had multiple attachments.

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4
Q

What are the stages in development of attachment?

A

0-6 weeks - asocial stage
6 weeks-6 months - indiscriminate attachment
7-9 months - specific attachment
10/11 months onwards - multiple attachments

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5
Q

List some evaluation points for Schaffer and Emerson’s research.

A

ISSUES WITH VALIDITY -mothers reports could’ve social desirability
HOWEVER, was carried out in the families own homes.

LIMITED SMAPLE CHARACTERISTICS -all families were from the same district and social class.

LACKS TEMPORAL VALIDITY -was 50yrs ago, child rearing techniques change over time.

CULTURAL VARIATIONS -different cultures have different beliefs about child rearing.
SUPPORTING RESEARCH, Sagi et al compared this with more communal environments such as Israeli Kibbutzim.

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