Development of Foregut

Question 1

Foregut gives us 6 things

Answer 1

Esophagus
Stomach
Liver
Gallbladder
Pancreas
the proximal part of Duodenum

Question 2

Foregut gives ———— artery

Answer 2

celiac

Question 3

ventral mesentery derived from ——-

Answer 3

Septum transversum

Question 4

ventral mesentery gives ————-

Answer 4

ligaments of liver

Question 5

Esophagus develops from the ———–

Answer 5

Endoderm of the forgut in the area between the inlet of laryngio-tracheal tube till the stomach

Question 6

Esophagus remain tubular in shape with no definite mesentry True or false

Answer 6

True

Question 7

Why esophagus elongates ?

Answer 7

to match the growth of the neck and thorax

Question 8

How many Stages in the Development of the Esophagus and what are their name ?

Answer 8

3 stages

Elongation -Recanalization-Differentiation

Question 9

occurs during the 2nd month; by the 8th week

the proliferating epithelium has partly occluded the lumen. previous definition of which stage ?

Answer 9

Elongation

Question 10

occurs during the 3rd month by

vacuolation in the multilayered columnar epithelium. previous definition of which stage ?

Answer 10

Recanalization

Question 11

of stratified squamous epithelium occurs

during the 4th month. previous definition of which stage ?

Answer 11

Differentiation

Question 12

Epithelial of esophagus comes from ?

Answer 12

Endoderm

Question 13

Muscles of esophagus comes from ?

Answer 13

Mesoderm

Question 14

Give an example of congenital anomaly that could happen in esophagus ?

Answer 14

Esophageal atresia & trachea-esophageal fistula

Question 15

Stop growth of esophagus ?

Answer 15

Atresia

Question 16

Give me the Signs and symptoms of Esophageal atresia & trachea-esophageal fistula

Answer 16

1-excessive secretion
2-intermittent and unexplained cyanosis and laryngeal spasm
3-abdominal destination
4-violent response after first or second swallow of feeding such as infants cough and chokes fluid returns through nose and mouth
5-poor feeding
6-inability to pass catheter

Question 17

Liver develop in which mesogastrium ?

Answer 17

ventral

Question 18

spleen develop in which mesogastrium ?

Answer 18

dorsal

Question 19

True or False : liver and spleen develop within stomach mesenteries

Answer 19

True

Question 20

The stomach undergoes your ——–° clockwise rotation around the cranio-caudal axis to the—– during the——— week

Answer 20

right-90-fifth

Question 21

Left vagus nerve becomes in which direction

Answer 21

venteral ( anterior gastric nerve)

Question 22

Right vagus nerve becomes in which direction

Answer 22

Dorsal ( Posterior gastric nerve )

Question 23

Results from rotation of stomach 90 degree clockwise to the right 
Left surface --------------
Right surface -------------
Right vagus -------------
Left Vagus ------------
Venteral mesogastrium----------
Dorsal mesogastrum-------------
Lesser sac is enclosed between -------------------layers of ------------------

Answer 23

Anterior Surface
Posterior Surface
Posterior gastric nerve
Anterior gastric nerve
Lesser omentum
Gastrophrenic,Gastrosplenic and greater omentum
anterior and posterior 2 layers of greater omentum

Question 24

Stomach is part of foregut so is supplied by ———-

Answer 24

Coeliac trunk

Question 25

``` Congenital Malformation of Stomach : ------------- is Sometimes the circular or longitudinal musculature of the stomach in the region of the pylorus is hypertrophied. One of the most common anomalies in newborns. ```

Answer 25

Pyloric Stenosis

Question 26

Treatment of Pyloric stenosis ?

Answer 26

Surgical excision of the | thickened sphincter.

Question 27

what type of vomiting do baby has Pyloric stenosis will have ?

Answer 27

Projectile Vomiting

Question 28

Duodenum develops from --------

Answer 28

Duodenal loop

Question 29

The upper half of the loop belongs to the endoderm of the ------ and the lower half belongs to endoderm of the ---------- it’s upper part is supplied by --------------- it’s lower part is supplied by the --------- mesenteric artery the junction between the two parts is just distal to the opening of the------------

Answer 29

forgot-midgut Celia trunk superior bile duct

Question 30

The lumen of duodenum is obliterates by rapid cell proliferation during ----------------- month then it is recanalized by ------------- soon ( 9 - 10 week )

Answer 30

2nd - Apoptosis

Question 31

Duodenum grows rapidly forming the ------shaped loop-----------

Answer 31

C - Ventrally

Question 32

hepato-pancreatic ampulla (The ampulla of Vater) | بالعربي وش فيها

Answer 32

فاصل بين جزء duoمن foregut and midgut

Question 33

The mesoduodenum is absorbed(degenration) and the duodenum becomes ------------

Answer 33

Retroperitoneal

Question 34

commonest anomalies Symptoms of duodenal atresia 4 things

Answer 34

``` Symptoms of duodenal atresia include: 1•Upper abdominal swelling (sometimes) 2•Early vomiting of large amounts, which may be greenish (containing bile) 3•Continued vomiting even when infant has not been fed for several hours. 4•No bowel movements after first few meconium stools( باختصار مافي زق ) ```

Question 35

Liver bud gives rise to --------------,---------------,----------

Answer 35

Liver, biliary duct system, gallbladder

Question 36

Hepatocyte start making bile at -----------------

Answer 36

12th week

Question 37

Hematopoietic cell make red blood cell during ---------

Answer 37

6th week

Question 38

--------------pancreatic bud forms body, tail and most of head

Answer 38

Dorsal

Question 39

--------------pancreatic bud forms rest of head

Answer 39

Venteral

Question 40

when pancreas secrete insulin ?

Answer 40

By week 10

Question 41

Liver is developed from 3 sources ?

Answer 41

``` Liver bud ( Endoderm) Vitelline Veins ( mesoderm) Septum transversum ( Mesoderm) ```

Question 42

para cystica gives

Answer 42

Gall bladder and cystic duct

Question 43

Para hepatica gives

Answer 43

Right and left hepatic duct , bile canaculi and cords of liver cells

Question 44

Liver diverticulum from the convexity of -------- divide into

Answer 44

duodenum - Para cystica - para hepatica - vitelline vein - septum transversum

Question 45

vitelline vein breaks into -------------

Answer 45

blood sinusoids between the cords of liver cells

Question 46

------------gives the fibrous capsule and stroma of the liver

Answer 46

Septum transversum

Question 47

Commonest congenital anomalies occur in development of liver ? 3 things

Answer 47

Gall bladder atresia atresia of bile duct absent of gall bladder

Question 48

Failure of para cystic to develop cause

Answer 48

absent of gall bladder

Question 49

failure of canalization cause

Answer 49

Gall bladder atresia

Question 50

failure of canalization cause

Answer 50

atresia of bile duct

Question 51

at day -------------- the ventral bud of pancreas will move to the dorsal bud

Answer 51

45

Question 52

Development of pancreas develop from -----buds -1-ventral and dorsal ventral pancreas arises from the -------- migrates from the convexity into the concavity of the duodenum forms the lower part of the head and uncinate process of pancreas

Answer 52

2 | liver bud

Question 53

--------pancreas arises directly from the concavity of the duodenum forms the upper part of the head, body and tail of the pancreas

Answer 53

Dorsal

Question 54

Congenital anomaly of pancreas | Accessory pancreatic tissue located in the wall of -------------- or -------------

Answer 54

Stomach or duodenum

Question 55

Congenital anomaly of pancreas Anular ( ring) shape : thin flat band of pancreatic tissue surrounding the --------------part of duodenum causing ------------------

Answer 55

second | duodenal obstruction

Question 56

--------------glandular buds arise from distal end of the foregut during 4th week

Answer 56

three

Question 57

day ----------- hepatic bud projects into the ventral mesogastrium and grows in the septum transversum

Answer 57

22

Question 58

day--- the dorsal pancreatic bud grows into the dorsal ------------------

Answer 58

26 -mesogastrium

Question 59

Day ----- the ventral pancreatic bud grows into the ventral ---------

Answer 59

28- mesogastrium

Question 60

The position of the pancreatic bud is altered by ------------ rotation mention them

Answer 60

two Ventral pancreas migrate to the dorsal aspect of the foregut the superior mesenteric artery is trapped between the pancreatic rudiments

Question 61

the ------------artery is trapped between the pancreatic rudiments

Answer 61

superior mesenteric

Question 62

The foregut and dorsal mesentery fold to the ----------- | as a results 2 things

Answer 62

dorsal mesentery is obliterated | The pancreas becomes retroperitoneal

Question 63

What explain the anatomical relations of pancreas ?

Answer 63

Dual origin

Question 64

two pancreatic buds fuse in the -----------week to form --------------pancreas

Answer 64

6th week- definitive

Question 65

The superior mesenteric artery emerges ------to the body and ventral to the --------- process

Answer 65

dorsal | uncinate process