Development Of The GI System Flashcards
What does the endoderm form?
The mucosal epithelial lining and associated glands of the GI tract (except lower 1/3 of the anus)
What does the splanchnic mesoderm form?
Generates CT, vasculature, and smooth muscle walls
What does the ectoderm contribute to?
Enteric ganglia, nerves and glia of the GI tract via NCC
Epithelium of lower 1/3 anus
What is the blood supply of the foregut?
Supplied by branches of the celiac trunk (those below the diaphragm)
What are the foregut derivatives?
Oral cavity, pharynx, lower respiratory tract, esophagus, stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas and upper duodenum
What is the blood supply for the midgut?
Superior mesenteric artery (SMA)
What are the midgut derivatives?
Lower duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, appendix, ascending colon, proximal 2/3 of the transverse colon
What is the blood supply for the hindgut?
Inferior mesenteric artery (IMA)
What are the derivatives of the hindgut?
Distal 1/3 of transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum and upper anal canal
What are intraperitoneal organs?
Suspended in mesentery
Ex. Tail of pancreas
What does retroperitoneal refer to?
Organs that are excluded from peritoneal cavity
Which organs are considered to be retroperitoneal?
SAD PUCKER
Suprarenal (adrenal) glands, aorta/IVC, duodenum (parts 2-4), pancreas (excluding tail), ureters, colon (ascending and descending), kidneys, esophagus and rectum
What are secondary retroperitoneal organs?
Organs that were initially suspended within mesentery that later fused with body wall (e.g. ascending/descending colon, duodenum, and bulk of pancreas)
What germ layer is the rectum derived from?
Endoderm
What provides blood supply to the rectum?
Superior rectal (IMA) and middle rectal (internal iliac A) Veins of hindgut
