Development Testing and Individual Differences Test

Question 1

Professor Forlorny designed a test to predict food preference in college students. However, the results yielded by the test were no better than simple guessing. It could be said that her test lacked:

Answer 1

predictive validity

Question 2

Which of the following is an example of imprinting?

Answer 2

A newborn gosling will “attach” to the first moving object it sees

Question 3

Erikson’s lifespan theory proposes that psychosocial development occurs primarily as a result of:

Answer 3

crises or conflicts

Question 4

Which of the following is a common teratogenic cause of mental retardation?

Answer 4

alcohol

Question 5

The ability to apply one’s knowledge in new and creative ways would be an example of:

Answer 5

fluid intelligence

Question 6

Stephen has an extremely high math ability despite having a general level of mental retardation. Which is probably most true about Stephen?

Answer 6

He has Savant syndrome.

Question 7

When insurance companies ask their clients the cause the “accident,” they usually place blame on some environmental factor. (For example: “The road was slippery.” “My vision was blocked by a tree.” “The other car came out of nowhere.”) This behavior illustrates was concept?

Answer 7

self-serving bias

Question 8

Eleven-year-old Kyra has always been allowed to watch any TV show she likes. She has developed a preference for shows with violent themes. Kyra’s mother has now become concerned because Kyra has been in numerous physical altercations at school. Which of the following might account for Kyra’s misbehavior?

Answer 8

reciprocal determinism

Question 9

A researcher places a dot of color on the forehead of a 16-month-old child and places her in front of a mirror. Which of the following developmental milestones has been reached if the child realizes that the dots is on her own forehead?

Answer 9

self-recognition

Question 10

The Flynn effect is best described as:

Answer 10

a worldwide rise IQ scores over the past few decades.

Question 11

On a normal distribution, a score of 100 on the current IQ test with a standard deviation f 15 points, would mean you scored higher than what percentage of the population?

Answer 11

50%

Question 12

According to psychoanalytic theory, the main function of the ___ in the personality structure is to allow the individual to balance the demands of society against personal needs.

Answer 12

ego

Question 13

Which of the following assessment tools is least likely to be used by a psychoanalyst?

Answer 13

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory

Question 14

A therapist working with a patient mostly emphasizes the influence that growing up in abusive household had. On what personality theory is the therapist basing her work?

Answer 14

behavioristic

Question 15

Patik is very sociable. He is always the first one to step in and make people feel welcome. On which of the “Big Five” personality factors would Patik score highly?

Answer 15

extraversion

Question 16

Seeking approval and upholding law, order, and authority are characteristics of which of Kolberg’s stages of moral development?

Answer 16

Conventional

Question 17

A strong correlation has been found between which of the following?

Answer 17

Authoritative parenting and social competence in children

Question 18

Freudian psychosexual stages occur in which of the following orders?

Answer 18

Oral, anal, phallic, genital

Question 19

An infant’s general level of activity and excitability is referred to as:

Answer 19

temperament.

Question 20

A statement such as “Everybody lines!” illustrates which Freudian defense mechanism?

Answer 20

Projection

Question 21

Harry Harlow discovered from his studies on attachment that isolated monkeys prefer:

Answer 21

a cloth mother under all situations.

Question 22

A 14-month-old toddler is placed in an unfamiliar situation with his mother, who then leaves the room for a period of time. When the mother returns, the child seems upset when picked up and tries to get down, though he becomes more distressed when he is placed on the floor. Many Ainsworth consider this evidence of:

Answer 22

ambivalent attachment style

Question 23

Individuals who accept personal responsibility for their life outcomes may be described as having:

Answer 23

an internal locus of control

Question 24

For large groups, the greatest similarities in IQs would be expected between:

Answer 24

identical twins

Question 25

According to Piaget’s theory, when a child has gained the understanding that properties such as volume remain the same even if you change the object’s form, they have developed:

Answer 25

conservation