developmental and genetic disorders

Question 1

What is Anodontia?

Answer 1

Lack of teeth, associated with hereditary ectodermal dysplasia.

Question 2

What is Hypodontia?

Answer 2

Lack of one or more teeth, most commonly third molars and maxillary lateral incisors.

Question 3

What are Supernumerary teeth?

Answer 3

Extra teeth, commonly mesiodens or maxillary fourth molar (paramolar).

Question 4

What syndromes are associated with Supernumerary teeth?

Answer 4

Gardner syndrome and cleidocranial dysplasia syndrome.

Question 5

What are the features of Hypohydrotic ectodermal dysplasia?

Answer 5

Hypodontia, hypotrichosis, hypohidrosis, frontal bossing, and saddle nose.

Question 6

What is Microdontia?

Answer 6

Abnormally small teeth, can be generalized or localized.

Question 7

What teeth are most commonly affected by Microdontia?

Answer 7

Maxillary laterals and third molars.

Question 8

What is Macrodontia?

Answer 8

Abnormally large teeth, can be generalized.

Question 9

What is Relative Macrodontia?

Answer 9

Normal tooth size with a small maxilla and mandible.

Question 10

What is Hemifacial hypertrophy and how does it affect teeth?

Answer 10

One side of the face is larger, and teeth on the larger side may erupt early.

Question 11

What is Dens in Dente?

Answer 11

Tooth in a tooth, also known as Dens Invaginatus.

Question 12

What is Protostylid?

Answer 12

Accessory cusp.

Question 13

What is a Talon cusp?

Answer 13

Accessory cusp in the cingulum of a maxillary or mandibular incisor.

Question 14

What is Fusion?

Answer 14

Union of two separate tooth germs, single crown with separate or fused roots, reduced tooth count.

Question 15

What is Concrescence?

Answer 15

Union of two adjacent teeth by only cementum, a type of fusion.

Question 16

What is Gemination?

Answer 16

Dividing single tooth germ, two crowns but one root, normal tooth count.

Question 17

What is Twinning?

Answer 17

Complete cleavage, two teeth from one tooth germ.

Question 18

What is an Enamel Pearl?

Answer 18

Ectopic enamel, in furcation of maxillary and mandibular molars.

Question 19

What is Dens evaginatus?

Answer 19

Accessory enamel cusp on occlusal surface, mandibular premolar most common (Leong’s premolar).

Question 20

What is Taurodontism?

Answer 20

Tooth with large pulp chamber and short roots, apical displacement of pulpal floor and root bifurcation.

Question 21

What is Globodontia?

Answer 21

Enlarged bulbous fused posterior teeth, no cusps or grooves.

Question 22

What syndromes are associated with Globodontia?

Answer 22

Otodental/oculo-oto-dental syndromes, eye coloboma, and hearing loss.

Question 23

What can cause tooth staining?

Answer 23

Minocycline/tetracycline staining, hemoglobin pigments (erythroblastosis fetalis).

Question 24

What causes green/yellow/brown discoloration of teeth?

Answer 24

RH disease = increased hemolysis, hemoglobin, and bilirubin.

Question 25

What is Hypoplasia?

Answer 25

Incomplete enamel development.

Question 26

What is a Turner tooth?

Answer 26

Hypoplasia caused by trauma to mandibular central incisors.

Question 27

What are diffuse opacities?

Answer 27

An environmental enamel defect.

Question 28

What are demarcated opacities?

Answer 28

An environmental enamel defect.

Question 29

What is Dentinogenesis imperfecta?

Answer 29

A defect in dentin structure.

Question 30

What are the types of Dentinogenesis imperfecta?

Answer 30

Type I: associated with osteogenesis imperfecta Type II: not associated with osteogenesis imperfecta; commonly opalescent teeth Type III: brandywine; shell teeth

Question 31

What is Dentin dysplasia?

Answer 31

A defect in dentin structure.

Question 32

What are the types of Dentin dysplasia?

Answer 32

Type I: radicular roots are short Type II: thistle tube

Question 33

What are ghost teeth a feature of?

Answer 33

Regional Odontodysplasia.

Question 34

What is Macroglossia?

Answer 34

Abnormally large tongue.

Question 35

What is Ankyloglossia?

Answer 35

Tongue tied.

Question 36

What is Lingual Thyroid?

Answer 36

Failure of migration of the primitive thyroid tissue.

Question 37

What is Fissured Tongue?

Answer 37

A tongue with grooves or fissures on its surface.

Question 38

What is Fissured Tongue associated with?

Answer 38

Geographic tongue and Melkerson-Rossenthal syndrome.

Question 39

What is Stafne defect?

Answer 39

A pseudocyst (no epithelial lining) below the inferior dental canal.

Question 40

Where is a Nasopalatine duct cyst located?

Answer 40

Between apices of roots of vital maxillary central incisor.

Question 41

Where is a Median palatal cyst located?

Answer 41

Midline of hard palate, more posterior than nasopalatine duct cyst.

Question 42

What are Palatal cysts of newborn?

Answer 42

Epstein’s pearls and Bohn’s nodule.

Question 43

Where are Epstein’s pearls located?

Answer 43

Midline along the line of fusion.

Question 44

Where are Bohn’s nodule located?

Answer 44

Hard/soft palate, derived from minor salivary glands.

Question 45

Where is a Nasolabial Cyst located?

Answer 45

In lip below ala of nose.

Question 46

What is the most common non-odontogenic cyst in the oral cavity?

Answer 46

Nasolabial Cyst.

Question 47

Where is the Cyst of the palatine papilla located?

Answer 47

In the papilla.

Question 48

What kind of cyst is a Dermoid cyst?

Answer 48

Developmental cyst.

Question 49

Where does a Dermoid cyst occur?

Answer 49

Floor of mouth above mylohyoid muscle.

Question 50

What is another name for Cervical lymphoepithelial cyst?

Answer 50

Branchial cleft cyst.

Question 51

Where is a Cervical lymphoepithelial cyst located?

Answer 51

Lateral neck anterior to SCM.

Question 52

What are the features of Acatalasia?

Answer 52

Lack of catalase and gangrenous lesions.

Question 53

What is another name for Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid?

Answer 53

Cicatricial Pemphigoid.

Question 54

What are the features of Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid?

Answer 54

Oral, conjunctiva, and genital lesion.

Question 55

What is another name for Hemifacial Microsomia?

Answer 55

Oral mandibular auricular syndrome.

Question 56

When does Hemifacial Microsomia occur?

Answer 56

Fourth embryonic week.

Question 57

How common is Hemifacial Microsomia?

Answer 57

Second most common birth defect after facial cleft.

Question 58

What is the most common soft tissue tumor of infancy?

Answer 58

Infantile hemangioma.

Question 59

What is the growth pattern of Infantile hemangioma?

Answer 59

Rapid growth 8-12 months, slow regression/involution.

Question 60

What is the growth pattern of Vascular malformation?

Answer 60

Not rapid increase in size, no involution.