Developmental Anomalies of the Teeth

Question 1

This term is used to describe teeth which are smaller than
normal, i.e. outside the usual limits of variation.

Answer 1

microdontia

Question 2

refers to teeth
that are larger than normal

Answer 2

macrodontia

Question 3

Fusion of two teeth from a single enamel organ

Answer 3

Gemination

Question 4

Partial cleavage

Answer 4

Gemination

Question 5

Joining of two developing tooth germs resulting in a single large tooth structure

Answer 5

Fusion

Question 6

Union of adjacent teeth within cementum only.

Answer 6

Concrescence

Question 7

cause: Trauma or overcrowding.

Answer 7

Concrescence

Question 8

Cause: attempt of single tooth bud to divide but fails with a resultant formation of tooth with bifid crown

Answer 8

gemination

Question 9

most common in Maxillary second and third molars.

Answer 9

Concrescence

Question 10

Maxillary lateral incisors in which the tooth crown appears cone or peg shaped

Answer 10

Microdontia

Question 11

The permanent maxillary lateral incisors are most commonly involved. (Exaggeration or accentuation of the lingual pit)

Answer 11

Dens Invaginatus

Question 12

dilated composite odontoma / Dens in dente or tooth within a tooth

Answer 12

Dens Invaginatus

Question 13

Cause: Occlusal Abrasion, the tubercle wears relatively fast, causing early exposure of an accessory pulp horn that extends into the tubercle which results to periapical pathology.

Answer 13

Dens Evaginatus

Question 14

Occlusal tuberculated premolar, Leong’s premolar, evaginated odontome, occlusal enamel pearl

Answer 14

Dens Evaginatus

Question 14

a peculiar dental anomaly in which the body of the tooth is enlarged at the expense of the roots

Answer 14

Taurodontism

Question 15

Enlargement of the pulp chamber of multirooted teeth with apical displacement of the pulp floor and bifurcation of the roots.

Answer 15

Taurodontism

Question 16

The term means ‘bull-like’ teeth and its usage is derived from the similarity of these teeth to those of ungulate or cud-chewing animals

Answer 16

Taurodontism

Question 17

cause: Trauma during root development.

Answer 17

Dilaceration

Question 18

Extraordinary curving or angulation of tooth roots

Answer 18

Dilaceration

Question 19

an anomalous structure resembling an eagle’s
talon, projects lingually from the cingulum areas of a maxillary tor mandibular permanent incisor.

Answer 19

talon Cusp

Question 20

more prevalent in persons with the Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (developmental retardation, broad thumbs and great toes, characteristic facial features, delayed or
incomplete descent of testes in males, and stature, head circumference, and bone age below the fiftieth percentile).

Answer 20

talon Cusp

Question 21

A variation in tooth form in which teeth have elongated crowns

Answer 21

Taurodontism

Question 22

Challenging for extraction and root canal fillings.

Answer 22

dilaceration

Question 23

Accessory roots are most commonly seen in mandibular canines, premolars, and molars (especially third molars).

Answer 23

Supernumerary Roots

Question 24

Ectopic globules of enamel

Answer 24

Enamel Pearls

Question 25

Can either be internal (more common and usually found at a cervical or coronary location on the root surface) or external

Answer 25

Enamel Pearls

Question 26

Etiology: Localized developmental activity of Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath (HERS) cells that remained adherent to the root surface as the root development proceeds. HERS cells differentiate into functioning ameloblasts which deposit an enamel organic matrix on the root surface.

Answer 26

Enamel Pearls

Question 27

the loss of tooth structure by a nonbacterial chemical process.

Answer 27

Erosion

Question 28

Can be caused by extrinsic (exogenous could be diet, medication and lifestyle), intrinsic (endogenous can be caused by chronic vomiting, persistent GERD, regurgitation) or idiopathic.

Answer 28

Erosion

Question 29

Physiologic wearing of teeth resulting from tooth to tooth contact (such as mastication).

Answer 29

Attrition

Question 30

Parafunctional habits: bruxism and teeth clenching may contribute to it

Answer 30

Attrition

Question 31

Age related process that can occur at the incisal or occlusal surfaces and can lead to dentinal exposure.

Answer 31

Attrition

Question 32

the pathologic wearing of teeth as a result of abnormal processes, habit or abrasive substance such as excessive force of toothbrushing.

Answer 32

Abrasion

Question 33

which class restoration is for abrasion cases?

Answer 33

class 5

Question 34

the absence of all teeth in the primary or permanent dentition.

Answer 34

Anodontia

Question 35

when one or several teeth are missing

Answer 35

Partial anodontia or hypodontia (oligodontia)

Question 36

multiple unerupted teeth

Answer 36

Pseudoanodontia

Question 37

a result of extraction of all teeth

Answer 37

False anodontia

Question 38

a condition where a tooth fails to erupt fully or properly into its intended position within the dental arch.

Answer 38

Impaction

Question 39

Etiology: crowding, ankylosis, genetics, early loss of primary teeth, irradiation, pathological conditions, developmental abnormalities of germs, supernumerary tooth.

Answer 39

Impaction

Question 40

Extra teeth in comparison to normal dentition, possible to occur both in the maxilla and in the mandible.

Answer 40

Supernumerary Teeth

Question 41

Results from continued proliferation of the permanent or primary dental lamina to form a third tooth germ (hyperactivity theory).

Answer 41

Supernumerary Teeth

Question 42

* The various syndromes associated with __________ are: o Apert Syndrome o Angio-osteohypertrophy o Grouzans syndrome o Curtins syndrome o Cleido-cranial dysplasia

Answer 42

supernumerary teeth

Question 43

___________, if severe enough and long enough, can cause defects in the quantity and shape of enamel or in the quality and color of enamel.

Answer 43

Metabolic injury

Question 44

2 types of Environmental Defects of Enamel

Answer 44

Enamel hypoplasia Enamel hypocalcification

Question 45

Quantitatively defective enamel, when of normal hardness

Answer 45

enamel hypoplasia

Question 46

Qualitatively defective enamel, in which normal amounts of enamel are produced but are hypomineralized

Answer 46

enamel hypocalcification

Question 47

A surface defect of the tooth that is caused by the disruption or insufficient development of enamel formation.

Answer 47

Enamel Hypoplasia

Question 48

Brownish, yellow, or white discolo ration, pits, grooves or even thin, chipped or missing portions of enamel on the tooth surface.

Answer 48

Enamel Hypoplasia

Question 49

Etiology: nutritional defects such as rickets, birth trauma, malnutrition.

Answer 49

Enamel Hypoplasia

Question 50

Defect in enamel that causes an insufficient amount of the minerals and calcium needed for healthy enamel appear as thin, stained, or white-colored spots on teeth,

Answer 50

Enamel Hypocalficication

Question 51

"turner's tooth"

Answer 51

Enamel Hypocalficication

Question 52

Etiology: genetic condition: amelogenesis imperfecta, nutritional deficiencies, trauma.

Answer 52

Enamel Hypocalficication

Question 52

Occur in areas where the drinking water contains excessive naturally occurring fluoride

Answer 52

Endemic Flourosis

Question 52

Mild to moderate fluorosis ranges clinically from white enamel spots to mottled brown-and-white discolorations. Severe fluorosis appears as pitted, irregular, and discolored enamel.

Answer 52

Endemic Flourosis

Question 53

* Inherited disorders characterized by abnormal enamel formation. * This condition causes teeth to be unusually small, discolored, pitted or grooved, and prone to rapid wear and breakage.

Answer 53

Amelogenesis Imperfecta

Question 54

3 clinical types of Amelogenesis Imperfecta

Answer 54

o Hypoplastic o Hypocalcified o Hypomaturation

Question 55

o Teeth erupt with insufficient amounts of enamel, ranging from pits and grooves in one patient to complete absence (aplasia) in another. o Because of reduced enamel thickness in some cases, abnormal contour and absent interproximal contact points may be evident.

Answer 55

HYPOPLASTIC

Question 56

o The quantity of enamel is normal, but it is soft and friable, so that it fractures easily and wears readily. o The color of the teeth varies from tooth to tooth and from patient to patient; colors include white opaque to yellow to brown.

Answer 56

HYPOCALCIFIED

Question 57

Formed with proper amount of enamel, which is calcified to a certain extent, but undergo defective maturation of the crystal structure of the enamel, resulting in soft enamel that is easy to chip.

Answer 57

HYPOMATURATION

Question 58

* An autosomal-dominant trait * It typically affects the dentin of both primary and permanent dentitions. * Causes the teeth to be weaker and more brittle compared to a normal tooth.

Answer 58

Dentinogenesis Imperfecta

Question 59

(hereditary) opalescent dentin

Answer 59

Dentinogenesis Imperfecta

Question 60

o Dentin abnormality occurs in patients with concurrent osteogenesis imperfecta, primary teeth are more severely affected than permanent teeth o Caused by mutations in the genes that encode collagen type I.

Answer 60

TYPE I

Question 61

o Patients have only dentin abnormalities and no bone disease affects primary more than permanent teeth. This may occur in people who exhibit signs of age-related hearing loss or deafness. o Related to mutations in a gene known as dentin sialophosphoprotein that encodes noncollagen proteins of dentin.

Answer 61

TYPE II

Question 62

the most common type of dentinogenesis imperfecta

Answer 62

TYPE II

Question 63

The dentin appears thin and the pulp chambers and root canals extremely large, giving the appearance of thin dentin shells, hence the previous designation of shell teeth.

Answer 63

TYPE III

Question 64

It is a condition characterized by the disturbance in the formation of dentin causing it to grow abnormally.

Answer 64

Dentin Dysplasia

Question 65

Also known as radicular dentin dysplasia because the underdeveloped, abnormal pulp tissue is predominately in the roots of the teeth.

Answer 65

TYPE I

Question 66

Since the roots are abnormally short, it usually leads to the premature loss of teeth.

Answer 66

TYPE I Dentin Dysplasia

Question 67

Common type of dentin dysplasia

Answer 67

TYPE I Dentin Dysplasia

Question 68

o Also known as coronal dentin dysplasia, is a rare genetic disorder that affects the teeth. o The coronal pulps are usually large (thistle tube appearance) and are filled with globules of abnormal dentin. o Primary dentition have a discolorations that may range from yellow-brown to brownish-yellow.

Answer 68

TYPE II

Question 69

It is a condition characterized by dental abnormalities in the enamel, dentin, and cementum.

Answer 69

Regional Odontodysplasia

Question 70

Short roots, openings in the apical foramen, and large pulp chambers are clinical manifestations of affected teeth.

Answer 70

Regional Odontodysplasia

Question 71

Also known as ghost teeth

Answer 71

Regional Odontodysplasia

Question 72

It appears as masses of calcified tissue on the pulp chamber and tooth roots. Calcified structures found in the pulp are called ________.

Answer 72

pulp stones

Question 73

* They can be nodular (pulp stones) and diffuse (linear).

Answer 73

Pulp Calcification

Question 74

* Pulp stones can be classified as _______ and __________. * Pulp stones are subdivided into: (3)

Answer 74

true denticles false denticles o Attached Type o Free Type o Embedded Type

Question 75

* It contributes to an inflammatory response that begins in the pulp space and leads to dentin loss and possibly cementum invasion.

Answer 75

Internal Resorption

Question 76

* It is a resorption that can be seen on the external surface of the tooth and can also make an impact to the crown of an unerupted tooth.

Answer 76

External Resorption

Question 77

The pathogenesis of ___________ from these causes has been related to the release of chemical mediators, increased vascularity, and pressure.

Answer 77

external resorptio

Question 78

These are stains that develop on the surface of your teeth's structure. It can be removed with abrasives.

Answer 78

Exogenous Stains

Question 79

It occurs from deposits of systemically circulating chemicals during tooth formation that causes tooth discoloration.

Answer 79

Endogenous Stains

Question 80

The well-known cause for this condition is the ingestion of tetracycline.

Answer 80

Endogenous Stains