Developmental Psychology

Question 1

It is also known as conception.

Answer 1

Fertilization

Question 2

What are the sex cells?

Answer 2

Sperm and ovum

Question 3

It is the process by which sperm and ovum (sex cells) combine to create a single cell called zygote, which then duplicates itself again and again by cell division.

Answer 3

Fertilization.

Question 4

It is also known as the fertilized ovum. It is the fusion of two haploid gametes, which is sperm and ovum.

Answer 4

Zygote

Question 5

It is also known as fraternal twins.

Answer 5

Dizygotic twins

Question 6

It happens when two separate eggs are fertilized by two different sperms.

Answer 6

Dizygotic twins or fraternal twins

Question 7

It is the rupture of mature follicle in either ovary and expulsion of its ovum which occurs every month until menopause.

Answer 7

Ovulation

Question 8

It is the result of the cleaving of one fertilized egg and are genetically identical.

Answer 8

Monozygotic twins

Question 9

It is the genetic transmission of heritable characteristics from parents to offspring.

Answer 9

Heredity

Question 10

Long, spiraling ladder whose steps are made of pairs of chemical units called bases.

Answer 10

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)

Question 11

What are the four bases of DNA?

Answer 11

Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine

Question 12

These are coils of DNA of smaller segments called genes.

Answer 12

Chromosomes

Question 13

This cell division occurs on non-sex cells (for growth, repair, and development)

Answer 13

Mitosis

Question 14

This cell division occurs on sex cells (for sexual reproduction)

Answer 14

Meiosis

Question 15

It happens when there is a mistake in copying genetic code which creates permanent alteration in genetic material.

Answer 15

Mutation

Question 16

These are chromosomes that are not affiliated to sexual expression. They carry an organism’s somatic traits other than sex-linked traits. They are numbered according to their sizes.

Answer 16

Autosomes (Pair 1-22)

Question 17

These are the sex chromosomes, which indicates the baby’s sex.

Answer 17

23rd pair

Question 18

It is the chromosome that indicates the male sex.

Answer 18

Y
(XX for female, XY for male)

Question 19

It is an alternative form of a gene and can produce alternative expressions of characteristics.

Answer 19

Alleles

Question 20

If two alleles are the same, they are called _______.

Answer 20

Homozygous

Question 21

If two alleles are different, they are called ________.

Answer 21

Heterozygous

Question 22

It is the allele that is always expressed or shows up as a trait in that person.

Answer 22

Dominant

Question 23

This allele usually doesn’t show unless paired with another similar trait.

Answer 23

Recessive

Question 24

It is a pattern of inheritance wherein there is an interaction of several genes.

Answer 24

Polygenetic inheritance

Question 25

It is the observable characteristics or traits based on the expression of their genes.

Answer 25

Phenotype

Question 26

It is the underlying genetic makeup or the organism's genetic information.

Answer 26

Genotype

Question 27

It is the theory in which environment can influence when and which genes turn on and off.

Answer 27

Epigenesis

Question 28

It refers to chemical molecules attached to a gene that alter the way a cell "reads" the gene's DNA.

Answer 28

Epigenesis

Question 29

Cells are susceptible to epigenetic modification during critical periods such as _______ and ________.

Answer 29

puberty and pregnancy

Question 30

Chromosomal abnormality wherein there is an extra copy of chromosome 21.

Answer 30

Down syndrome

Question 31

Chromosomal abnormality wherein there is an extra X chromosome for male. This may affect the growth of testicles and result in low testosterone.

Answer 31

Klinefelter Syndrome

Question 32

Chromosomal abnormality wherein X chromosome causes intellectual disability.

Answer 32

Fragile X Syndrome

Question 33

Chromosomal abnormality wherein there is a missing X chromosome for females. It is characterized by short stature, a webbed neck, and ovarian insufficiency.

Answer 33

Turner Syndrome

Question 34

Chromosomal abnormality wherein there is an extra Y chromosome for male. It is characterized by being larger than normal, flat feet or pes planus, scoliosis, and low muscle tone or hypotonia.

Answer 34

XYY Syndrome

Question 35

Treatment for Down Syndrome

Answer 35

Surgery and SPED

Question 36

Treatment for Klinefelter Syndrome and Turner Syndrome

Answer 36

Hormone Therapy

Question 37

Treatment for Fragile X Syndrome

Answer 37

SPED and Speech Therapy

Question 38

Treatment for XYY Syndrome

Answer 38

No treatment

Question 39

It is usually associated with developmental delays, mild to moderate intellectual disability, and characteristic physical features.

Answer 39

Down Syndrome

Question 40

Gene-linked abnormalities wherein there is an overproduction of mucus in the lungs and digestive tract.

Answer 40

Cystic Fibrosis

Question 41

Gene-linked abnormalities wherein the pancreas does not produce much insulin.

Answer 41

Diabetes

Question 42

Gene-linked abnormalities wherein there is a delay in blood clotting.

Answer 42

Hemophilia

Question 43

Gene-linked abnormalities wherein the central nervous system deteriorates, producing problem in muscles and mental decline.

Answer 43

Huntington's Disease

Question 44

Gene-linked abnormalities wherein there is a build up of phenylalanine in the body.

Answer 44

Phenylketonuria

Question 45

Gene-linked abnormalities wherein it limits body oxygen supply due some red blood cells shaping like crescent moon.

Answer 45

Sickle-Cell Anemia

Question 46

Gene-linked abnormalities wherein the spinal canal is incompletely closed.

Answer 46

Spina Bifida

Question 47

Gene-linked abnormalities wherein there is an accumulation of lipids in the Nervous System.

Answer 47

Tay-Sachs Disease

Question 48

Gene-linked abnormalities wherein there is an absence of brain tissue.

Answer 48

Anencephaly

Question 49

Gene-linked abnormalities wherein one has enlarged kidneys due to clustered cyst grows.

Answer 49

Polycystic Kidney Disease

Question 50

Gene-linked abnormalities wherein there is a cirrhosis (scarring) of the liver in early infancy.

Answer 50

Alpha antitrypsin Deficiency

Question 51

Gene-linked abnormalities wherein the body reduces the production of hemoglobin thus leading to severe anemia; nearly all die soon after birth.

Answer 51

Alpha Thalassemia