Developmental Psychology

Question 1

The organ in your head made up of nerves. It processes information and controls behaviour.

Answer 1

Brain

Question 2

The anterior part of the brain, including the hemispheres and the central brain structures.

Answer 2

Forebrain

Question 3

The middle section of the brain forming part of the central nervous system.

Answer 3

Midbrain

Question 4

The lower part of the brain that includes the cerebellum, pons and medulla oblongata.

Answer 4

Hindbrain

Question 5

Directed towards the back (when used in relation to our biology).

Answer 5

Posterior

Question 6

An area of the brain near to the brainstem that controls motor movements (muscle activity).

Answer 6

Cerebellum

Question 7

Connects the upper brain to the spinal cord and controls automatic responses. It controls involuntary responses such as sneezing and breathing, as well as heart rate and blood pressure.

Answer 7

Medulla Oblongata

Question 8

Directed towards the front (when used in relation to our biology).

Answer 8

Anterior

Question 9

A response to a stimulus that occurs without someone making a conscious choice. They are automatic, such as reflexes.

Answer 9

Involuntary Reponse

Question 10

Links formed by messages passing from one nerve cell (neuron) to another.

Answer 10

Neural Connections

Question 11

Sorting objects into an order. Develops during concrete operational stage.

Answer 11

Seriation

Question 12

The child knows that quantity, length or number are not related to shape e.g. juice test

Answer 12

Conservation

Question 13

Ability to take on another’s viewpoint.

Answer 13

Decentration

Question 14

Children use other objects e.g. toys to represent other things. This develops at the pre-operational stage.

Answer 14

Symbolic Play

Question 15

Unable to see the world from another’s point of view.

Answer 15

Egocentric

Question 16

Belief that objects can behave as if they were alive.

Answer 16

Animism

Question 17

Understanding that action can return something to its original state. Develops in the concrete operational stage.

Answer 17

Reversibility

Question 18

General principle about what is right and wrong,

Answer 18

Morality

Question 19

Children play using objects and ideas to represent other objects and ideas.

Answer 19

Symbolic Play

Question 20

Mental representations of the world based on one’s own experiences

Answer 20

Schema

Question 21

Infants use their senses and movements to get information about the world. at first they live in the present. They develop object permanence and learn to control their movements.

Answer 21

Sensorimotor Stage

Question 22

Children engage in symbolic play. They think in pictures and use symbols, including some words (the beginning of language development). Children are egocentric and show animism. Later in this stage they start reasoning and show centration and irreversibility.

Answer 22

Pre-Operational Stage

Question 23

Develops around 12 years old and is associated with the moral reasoning and deductive reasoning.

Answer 23

Formal Operational Stage

Question 24

Develops age 7 to 12 and involves development of abilities to such conservation, reversibility, seration and decentration.

Answer 24

Concrete Operational Stage

Question 25

When a child's schemas can explain all that they experience - a state of mental balance may have resulted from new accommodation.

Answer 25

Equilibrium

Question 26

Incorporating new experiences into existing schemas.

Answer 26

Assimilation

Question 27

When a schema has to be changed to deal with a new experience.

Answer 27

Accommodation

Question 28

An experiment by Piaget and Inhelder which tested egocentricism.

Answer 28

Three Mountains Task

Question 29

A belief about something which influence our perceptions, interpretations of situations and how we behave.

Answer 29

Mindset

Question 30

Belief that abilities are unchangeable

Answer 30

Fixed Mindset

Question 31

Belief that abilities are changeable

Answer 31

Growth Mindset

Question 32

A natural experiment showing process praise correlates to a belief that effort is worthwhile.

Answer 32

Gunderson et al.

Question 33

Forebrain, midbrain and hindbrain develops.

Answer 33

3-4 weeks

Question 34

Cerebellum starts to develop

Answer 34

6 weeks

Question 35

Medulla begins to develop

Answer 35

20 weeks

Question 36

Another word for practice. Can lead to the behaviour/thought becoming automatic.

Answer 36

Rehearsal

Question 37

An individual's ability to manage their own behaviour. Willingham suggests delaying reward can help this develop.

Answer 37

Self-regulation

Question 38

This happens when something is practiced and leads to the thought/behaviour being performed with little thought.

Answer 38

Automatic

Question 39

A model of memory made up the central executive, visuo-spatial sketchpad and phonological loop

Answer 39

Working Model of Memory

Question 40

Belief that effort drives ability (which can change)

Answer 40

Motivational Framework

Question 41

Praising what is being done rather than the individual.

Answer 41

Process Praise

Question 42

Praising the individual rather than what they are doing.

Answer 42

Person Praise

Question 43

Rules put into place by others

Answer 43

Heteronomous Rules

Question 44

Rules the individual decides themselves

Answer 44

Autonomous Rules

Question 45

The values and customs of a society directs the individual within its behaviour

Answer 45

Social Norm

Question 46

A stage in Kholberg's theory, whereby the child is moral believes rules are fixed and makes moral judgements based on their own interst e.g. avoid punishment

Answer 46

Pre-conventional Stage

Question 47

A stage in Kholberg's theory, whereby the child is moral believes rules are fixed and makes moral judgements based on their own interst e.g. avoid punishment

Answer 47

Conventional Stage

Question 48

A stage in Kholberg's theory, whereby the child is moral believes rules are fixed and makes moral judgements based on their own interst e.g. avoid punishment

Answer 48

Post Conventional Stage

Question 49

Nativist theory of moral development, suggesting infants feel empathy and grown to understand why others feel upset

Answer 49

Damon

Question 50

A natural theory/view point

Answer 50

Nativist