Developmental Psychology Rationalization

Question 1

The reflex used by researchers to conclude that hearing is almost fully developed at birth is

Answer 1

Sucking reflex

Question 2

What study supported the idea that infants can hear prenatally

Answer 2

“Cat in the Hat study”

Question 3

It occurs after the sole of the foot has been firmly stroked

Answer 3

Babinski/Plantar Reflex

Question 4

Sense/s that are fully developed at birth

Answer 4

Smell, Taste, Touch and Pain

Question 5

Sense/s that are almost fully developed at birth

Answer 5

Hearing

Question 6

Sense/s that are poorly developed at birth

Answer 6

Vision

Question 7

“The relation of the child to the object early on in life serves as the prototype for later interpersonal relationships”

Answer 7

Melanie Klein

Question 8

This theorist originally proposed a critical period of 2 and a half years for the child to form an attachment, but later on revised and proposed a sensitive period of five years

Answer 8

John Bowlby

Question 9

is known for “Psychological Birth”

Answer 9

Margaret Mahler

Question 10

known for the stages of Separation Anxiety

Answer 10

John Bowlby

Question 11

known for “Imprinting”

Answer 11

Konrad Lorenz

Question 12

the strict span of years that you need to develop a milestone, else there are no more chances for the milestone to develop

Answer 12

Critical Period

Question 13

Critical period for a child to form attachment according to John Bowlby

Answer 13

5 years

Question 14

Also known as “Window of opportunity”

Answer 14

Sensitive Period

Question 15

is less rigid and has a larger span to develop the milestone, and even if the span of time has been missed, there will be other opportunities to meet the milestone later on

Answer 15

Sensitive Period

Question 16

a complex set of reflexes and signaling behavior that bring out behaviors that bring about caregiving responses from adults.

Answer 16

Attachment Behavior System

Question 17

A stage of separation anxiety wherein upon the disappearance of the caregivers the infant will cry, and will resists soothing from others

Answer 17

Protest

Question 18

A stage of separation anxiety wherein when the separation is prolonged, the infant becomes quiet, sad, passive, and apathetic

Answer 18

Despair

Question 19

A stage of separation anxiety wherein the infants become emotionally detached from other people.

Answer 19

Detachment

Question 20

It refers to the reproductive success of the species from one generation to another

Answer 20

Law of Natural Selection

Question 21

He proposed that natural selection is referred to as survival of the fittest in which organisms that are stronger and at the top of the chain have the better chance of surviving

Answer 21

Herbert Spencer

Question 22

The law of natural selection has been referred to by spencer as:

Answer 22

Principle of survival of the fittest

Question 23

Stages of Psychological Birth

Answer 23

Normal Autism
Normal Symbiosis
Separation-Individuation

Question 24

A stage of psychological birth wherein the newborn infant satisfies various needs within the all-powerful protective orbit of a mother’s care

Answer 24

Normal Autism

Question 25

span of time for the "Normal Autism Stage"

Answer 25

birth to 3-4 weeks

Question 26

Likened to an unhatched bird egg (Psychological Birth)

Answer 26

Normal Autism

Question 27

A stage of psychological birth wherein the infant behaves and functions as though he and his mother were on omnipotent system

Answer 27

Normal Symbiosis

Question 28

a dual unity within one common boundary. The shell is now beginning to crack (Psychological Birth)

Answer 28

Normal Symbiosis

Question 29

The span of time for the "Normal Symbiosis" stage

Answer 29

4-5 weeks to 4-5 months

Question 30

A stage of psychological birth wherein children becomes psychologically separated from their mothers, achieve a sense of individuation and identity

Answer 30

Separation-Individuation

Question 31

Stages of Separation-Individuation

Answer 31

Differentiation Practicing Rapprochement Libidinal Object Constancy

Question 32

Stage of Separation-Individuation wherein the body breaks away from the mother-infant symbiotic relationship. Begins to display responses indicative of recognition of the mother

Answer 32

Differentiation

Question 33

Stage of Separation-Individuation wherein infants begin to move away from their mothers due to increased autonomous functions, but keeps a close distance

Answer 33

Practicing

Question 34

Stage of Separation-Individuation wherein children must develop a constant inner representation of their mother so that they can tolerate being physically separate from her

Answer 34

Libidinal Object Constancy

Question 35

Elements of preoperational thought

Answer 35

Pretend Play Egocentrism Centration, not conservation Animism Artificialism Transductive reasoning

Question 36

Learn and represent learning

Answer 36

Pretend Play

Question 37

Belief that other people have same thoughts/perceptions they do

Answer 37

Egocentrism

Question 38

focusing on only one characteristic of an object to the exclusion of others

Answer 38

Centration, not conservation

Question 39

Belief that inanimate objects are capable of actions and have lifelike qualities

Answer 39

Animism

Question 40

Belief that environmental characteristics can be attributed to human actions or interventions

Answer 40

Artificialism

Question 41

Inferring connections between unrelated situations

Answer 41

Transductive reasoning

Question 42

Jean Piaget's Moral Reasoning

Answer 42

Moral Reasoning Heteronomous Morality Autonomous Morality

Question 43

the application of principles of logic to moral issues in order to decide which actions are right or wrong, just or unfair

Answer 43

Moral reasoning

Question 44

rules are understood as fixed, unchangeable aspects of social reality (subordination to authority)

Answer 44

Heteronomous morality

Question 45

children see riles as products of cooperative agreements

Answer 45

Autonomous Morality

Question 46

Neo-Piagetians conceptualized

Answer 46

Theory of central conceptual structures

Question 47

Contexts of development

Answer 47

Normative age-graded influences Normative history-graded influences Normative sociocultural-graded influences Nonnormatiave influences

Question 48

changes experienced by people in a certain age group

Answer 48

Normative age-graded influences

Question 49

changes experienced by people alive at a certain time

Answer 49

Normative history-graded influences

Question 50

social and cultural factors present at a particular time

Answer 50

Normative sociocultural-graded influences

Question 51

individual experiences

Answer 51

Nonnormative experiences

Question 52

the ______________ emphasizes the central role of experience in the learning process.

Answer 52

Experiential Learning Theory

Question 53

The four-stage process of Experiential Learning theory

Answer 53

Concrete Learning Reflective Observation Abstract Conceptualization Active Experimentation

Question 54

In ELT , prefers to work in groups, listening with an open mind and receiving personalized feedback

Answer 54

Diverging

Question 55

In ELT , prefers reading, lectures, and exploring analytical models

Answer 55

Assimilating

Question 56

In ELT , prefers to experiment with new ideas, simulations, and lab experiments.

Answer 56

Converging

Question 57

In ELT, prefers to do field work, and test our different approaches to completing a project.

Answer 57

Accommodating

Question 58

process of socialization and personality development through the person's participation in increasingly diverse and complex social roles

Answer 58

Social Role Theory

Question 59

this perspective offers a framework for understanding and explaining how changing societal conditions and social forces influence development through life

Answer 59

Life Course Theory

Question 60

It refers to the integration and sequencing of phases of education, work, and family life over time

Answer 60

Life Course Theory

Question 61

long-term path of one's life experiences in a specific domain (work, studies, family life)

Answer 61

Trajectory

Question 62

component within the trajectory marked by the beginning or close of an event

Answer 62

Transition