Developmental Theories Ch. 1 Flashcards
(18 cards)
Erikson’s Psychosocial Stage: Trust vs. Mistrust
Age: 0-1 year
Task: Develop trust in caregiver
Outcome: Secure attachment or mistrust
Erikson’s Psychosocial Stage: Autonomy vs. Shame
Age: 1-3 years
Task: Develop independence
Outcome: Confidence or shame/doubt
Erikson’s Psychosocial Stage: Initiative vs. Guilt
Age: 3-6 years
Task: Initiate activities
Outcome: Purpose or guilt
Erikson’s Psychosocial Stage: Industry vs. Inferiority
Age: 6-12 years
Task: Master skills
Outcome: Competence or inferiority
Erikson’s Psychosocial Stage: Identity vs. Role Confusion
Age: Adolescence
Task: Develop sense of self
Outcome: Fidelity or role confusion
Erikson’s Psychosocial Stage: Intimacy vs. Isolation
Age: Young adulthood
Task: Form close relationships
Outcome: Love or isolation
Erikson’s Psychosocial Stage: Generativity vs. Stagnation
Age: Middle adulthood
Task: Contribute to society
Outcome: Productivity or stagnation
Erikson’s Psychosocial Stage: Integrity vs. Despair
Age: Late adulthood
Task: Reflect on life
Outcome: Wisdom or regret
Piaget’s Cognitive Development Stage: Sensorimotor Stage
Age: 0-2 years
Characteristic: Learn through senses and actions
Play Example: Object permanence games
Piaget’s Cognitive Development Stage: Preoperational Stage
Age: 2-7 years
Characteristic: Symbolic thinking, egocentrism
Play Example: Pretend play, role play
Piaget’s Cognitive Development Stage: Concrete Operational Stage
Age: 7-11 years
Characteristic: Logical thinking about concrete events
Play Example: Rule-based games, puzzles
Piaget’s Cognitive Development Stage: Formal Operational Stage
Age: 12+ years
Characteristic: Abstract and hypothetical thinking
Play Example: Strategy games, debates
Sullivan’s Interpersonal Theory: Anxiety
Definition: Result of disrupted interpersonal relationships
Therapeutic Focus: Repair social bonds
Sullivan’s Interpersonal Theory: Personifications
Definition: Internal images from relationships
Therapeutic Focus: Help revise negative self and other images
Sullivan’s Interpersonal Theory: Security Operations
Definition: Behaviors to reduce anxiety (e.g., withdrawal)
Therapeutic Focus: Encourage healthy coping
Miller’s Relational-Cultural Theory: Connection is Key
Definition: Growth happens through relationships
Application: Build empathic, validating therapy
Miller’s Relational-Cultural Theory: Relational Shame
Definition: Shame arises from feeling disconnected
Application: Address shame through fostering connection
Miller’s Relational-Cultural Theory: Mutual Empathy
Definition: Therapist and client share empathy
Application: Collaborative, relationship-focused work
