developments in new materials 1.3

Question 1

what is a modern material

Answer 1

a material that has been engineered to have improved properties

Question 2

examples of modern materials

Answer 2

Concrete, aluminium and steel, graphene, titanium, metal foams

Question 3

properties of graphene

Answer 3

single carbon layer material
very strong, 100x stronger than steel
light
good conductor of heat and electricity
used in tennis rackets

Question 4

properties of titanium

Answer 4

• corrosion resistant
• high strength to weight ratio
• difficult and therefore expensive to machine
• used for bone replacements, bikes, ships, armour

Question 5

properties of metal foams

Answer 5

metal foam is a metal that contains many gas filled spaces which make it LIGHTWEIGHT
stiff
tough
strong under compression
used in lightweight car parts(as they can absorb shock) and bone implants

Question 6

what are LCDs? and what are their properties?

Answer 6

Liquid crystal display

used in flat screen displays
thin
lightweight
energy efficient
originally used in calculators
high definition displays

Question 6

properties of nanomaterials

Answer 6

made out of nanoparticles

Question 7

how do LCDs work in a display

Answer 7

the liquid crystals used in the display are made of a mixture of chemicals
when an electrical current is passed through, the crystal shape is modified
this changes the image seen on the screen

Question 8

examples of titanium uses

Answer 8

Drill bits
bicycles
golf clubs
watches and laptop computers
medical implants
jewellery
manufacturing aircraft and spacecraft

Question 9

examples of graphene

Answer 9

can be used in solar panels and batteries

Question 10

examples of metal foam uses

Answer 10

vehicles (absorb high impacts effectively)

Question 11

uses for LCD’s

Answer 11

watches
clocks
microwaves
flat screen televisions
computer monitors
satellite navigation systems

Question 12

uses of nanomaterials

Answer 12

creams, deodorants and sun creams
computer chips
sports equipment
clothing (antibacterial properties reduce sweat absorption)

Question 13

uses of thermochromic pigments

Answer 13

babies feeding spoons, so parents know the food isn’t too hot
baby toys for in the bath

Question 14

uses of coated metals

Answer 14

Structures.
Automotive components.
Fasteners

Question 15

properties of coated metals

Answer 15

iron and steel can be galvanised to prevent rusting, they can also be electroplated

Question 16

what is a smart material

Answer 16

materials that change their properties in response to a stimuli

Question 17

what are thermochromic pigments

Answer 17

used in colour changing products, they react to temperature
- when temperature increases, the product changes colour, the colour changes back when the object returns to its original temperature

Question 17

what are shape memory alloys

Answer 17

metal alloys that can remember their shape when heated

Question 17

examples of shape memory alloys

Answer 17

fire alarms
electrical door locks
glasses frames

Question 18

what are photochromic pigments

Answer 18

things that change colour in response to light

Question 19

examples of photochromic pigments

Answer 19

lenses in sunglasses that change depending on the level of light
photochromic inks on clothing

Question 20

properties of Teflon

Answer 20

both water and oil do not stick to the Teflon coated articles.
it has a high melting point i.e. 327 ∘ C which means there is no effect of high temperatures on it.
it is easier to clean Teflon coated articles.

Question 21

uses of Teflon

Answer 21

kitchen utensils(non stick pans)

Question 22

properties of GRP (Glass reinforced plastic)

Answer 22

Glass fibres coated in thermosetting plastic resin strong tough heat resistant easy to mould into complex shapes

Question 22

uses of corn starch polymers

Answer 22

air bags packaging

Question 22

properties of corn starch polymers

Answer 22

Food safe and resistant to food fats and oils. Good for print applications. Low flammability. Resistant to UV rays from the sun. biodegradable Recyclable

Question 23

examples of composite materials

Answer 23

Glass reinforced plastic (GRP) Carbon-fibre reinforced plastic (CRP)

Question 23

what are composite materials

Answer 23

a combination of two or more materials to improve properties

Question 24

uses of GRP

Answer 24

Boats -Kayaks PCBs Surfboards

Question 25

properties of CRP (carbon-fibre reinforced plastics)

Answer 25

Carbon fibres coated in thermosetting plastic resin lighter, tougher, stronger than GRP more expensive

Question 26

CRP uses

Answer 26

protective helmets bulletproof vests racing cars sports equipment -laptops

Question 27

what are technical textiles

Answer 27

enhanced fabrics, designed to be functional

Question 28

properties of Kevlar

Answer 28

High Tensile Strength. Lightweight. Heat Resistance. Chemical Resistance Low Conductivity

Question 29

Kevlar uses

Answer 29

bulletproof vests motorcyclist clothing used to reinforce tyres

Question 30

properties of Nomex

Answer 30

fire resistant cant be washed or worn away used in firefighters and racing drivers clothing

Question 31

uses of nomex

Answer 31

protective clothing (fire service & military) racing suits aerospace applications

Question 32

properties of micro encapsulation fabrics

Answer 32

insect repellent odour neutraliser chemical coated in shells then embedded in fabric

Question 33

uses of micro encapsulation fabrics

Answer 33

antibacterial socks

Question 34

properties of conductive fabrics

Answer 34

fibres that can conduct electricity

Question 35

uses of conductive fabrics

Answer 35

used to integrate electronics into clothing and in touchscreen gloves