Devices, Linux Filesystems, Filesystem Hierarchy Standard

Question 1

fdisk

Answer 1

Used to partition a disk device

Question 2

How many partitions can you have by default? (Without extended or logical partitions)

Answer 2

4

Question 3

fdisk -n

Answer 3

Interactive mode

Question 4

mkfs -t ext3 mydev

Answer 4

Makes mydev an ext3 file system

Question 5

mkfs -c

Answer 5

Used to check the device for bad blocks before building the file system

Question 6

mkswap

Answer 6

Turns a file system into swap

Question 7

du

Answer 7

Used to estimate file space usage

Question 8

du -c

Answer 8

Produce a grand total

Question 9

du -h

Answer 9

Human readable

Question 10

du –max-depth N

Answer 10

Print the total for a directory only if it is N or fewer levels below the command line argument

Question 11

du -b

Answer 11

Makes output in bytes

Question 12

dumpe2fs

Answer 12

Obtains file system info

Question 13

mke2fs

Answer 13

equivalent of “mkfs -t ext2/3/4”

Question 14

tune2fs

Answer 14

Allows you to change the file system parameters

Note: file system must be unmounted

Question 15

fsck -A

Answer 15

Check all file systems in /etc/fstab

Question 16

fsck -a

Answer 16

Attempt to automatically repair all errors

Question 17

fsck -C

Answer 17

Display completion/progress

Question 18

fsck -N

Answer 18

Don’t execute, just show what would happen

Question 19

debugfs

Answer 19

Interactively modify a file system

Question 20

mount -a

Answer 20

Causes all file systems in /etc/fstab to be mounted as indicated

Question 21

mount -o

Answer 21

Override mount options in /etc/fstab when manually mounting partition

Question 22

unmount -f

Answer 22

Forcibly unmount a filesystem

Question 23

/etc/fstab

Answer 23

Configuration file containing persistent file system mounts (for mounting on boot)

Question 24

quotaon

Answer 24

Turns quotas on

Question 25

edquota

Answer 25

Edit a quota

Question 26

edquota -p

Answer 26

Duplicate the quotas of the prototypical user for each user specified

Question 27

repquota -a

Answer 27

Print quotas of all the file systems configured with a quota mount option file at its root

Question 28

repquota -g

Answer 28

Print only group quotas

Question 29

repquota -u

Answer 29

Print only user quotas

Question 30

repquota -v

Answer 30

Print a header line before printing each filesystem quota

Question 31

How to set the setuid bit for a file

Answer 31

chmod 4777 myfile (the 4 is what matters, the 777 could be any other set of permissions)

Question 32

How to set the setgid bit for a file

Answer 32

chmod 2777 myfile (the 2 is what matters, the 777 could be any other set of permissions)

Question 33

Sticky Bit

Answer 33

A permission bit that is set on a file or a directory that lets only the owner of the file/directory or the root user to delete or rename the file.

Question 34

chgrp mygroup file1

Answer 34

Changes the group of file1 to mygroup

Question 35

chown root file1

Answer 35

Changes the owner of file1 to root

Question 36

ln -s file1 file2

Answer 36

Makes a symbolic link to file1 called file2

Question 37

ln file1 file2

Answer 37

Makes a hard link to file1 called file2

Question 38

find mydir -name myfile

Answer 38

Looks for a file named myfile starting at mydir

Question 39

find /etc -perm 777

Answer 39

Will return all files in the /etc directory that has 777 permissions

Question 40

find /etc -size 1M

Answer 40

Finds everything starting at /etc that is up to 1MB

Question 41

find /etc -maxdepth 1

Answer 41

Will restrict the search to only the /etc directory

Question 42

find /home -user mmiller

Answer 42

Will find all things associated with the user mmiller

Question 43

which

Answer 43

Display path the indicated command is in (if in PATH variable)

Question 44

whereis

Answer 44

Locates the sources/binary and manuals section for specific files

Question 45

/etc/updatedb.conf

Answer 45

The database used by the locate command

Question 46

locate

Answer 46

Reads from a database to find files by name. | Note: always do updatedb before using locate

Question 47

/etc

Answer 47

Holds system configuration files

Question 48

/boot

Answer 48

Holds important boot files like the Linux kernel, initial RAM disk, and boot loader config files

Question 49

/bin

Answer 49

Holds program files that are critical for normal operations and that ordinary users may run

Question 50

/sbin

Answer 50

Holds program files that are critical for normal operation and that ordinary users seldom run. (but root uses)

Question 51

/lib

Answer 51

Holds libraries

Question 52

/usr

Answer 52

Holds programs and data used in normal system operation bu that aren’t critical for a bare-bones boot of the system

Question 53

/home

Answer 53

Users' home directories

Question 54

/root

Answer 54

Root user's home directory (different than /)

Question 55

/var

Answer 55

Holds files that change often

Question 56

/var/tmp

Answer 56

Holds temporary files (But should not be deleted when the computer reboots)

Question 57

/tmp

Answer 57

Holds temporary files (And should be deleted when the computer reboots)

Question 58

/mnt

Answer 58

The traditional mount point for removable media

Question 59

/media

Answer 59

The new mount point for removable media

Question 60

/dev

Answer 60

Holds device files, providing low-level access to the system's hardware

Question 61

usr/local/bin and usr/local/sbin

Answer 61

The locally compiled programs

Question 62

repquota -s

Answer 62

A more readable format for the repquota command

Question 63

quotacheck

Answer 63

Builds the database of file system information that quota commands will use