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Developing Fuels > DF3 What's In Your Tank? > Flashcards

DF3 What's In Your Tank? Flashcards

1
Q

What is the general formula for alkanes?

A

CnH2n+2

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2
Q

What is the general formula for alkenes?

A

CnH2n

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3
Q

What is the general formula for alcohols?

A

CnH2n+1

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4
Q

What is the molecular formula?

A

The actual number of atoms in a molecule or element.

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5
Q

What is the empirical formula?

A

The simplest whole number ratio of atoms in a compound.

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6
Q

What is the structural formula?

A

The arrangement of atoms in a molecule without showing all the bonds.

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7
Q

What is the skeletal formula?

A

The bonds of the carbon skeleton only.

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8
Q

What is the displayed formula?

A

The arrangement of atoms showing all the bonds and atoms in the molecule.

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9
Q

What is a homologous series?

A

A group of compounds that have the same functional group but each successive member has an additional CH2.

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10
Q

What are the two carbon skeleton tyoes?

A

Aromatic and aliphatic.

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11
Q

What do aromatic compounds have?

A

A benzene ring and sometimes a functional group or alkyl group coming from it.

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12
Q

What are alkyl groups?

A

Hydrocarbon branches with a general formula of CnH2n+1.

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13
Q

What are aliphatic compounds?

A

Straight, branched or non-aromatic chains that don’t contain a benzene ring.

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14
Q

What are alkanes?

A

Saturated hydrocarbons with the general formula CnH2n+2.

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15
Q

What does saturated mean?

A

A single bond with each carbon atom bonded 4 times with the maximum number of hydrogens possible.

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16
Q

What does unsaturated mean?

A

A double or triple bond with each carbon atom not bonded to its maximum number of hydrogen atoms.

17
Q

What is the general formula for cycloalkanes?

A

CnH2n

18
Q

What are cycloalkanes a functional group isomer of?

A

Alkenes.

19
Q

What shape do alkanes form?

A

A tetrahedral shape.

20
Q

Why do alkanes have a specific shape with specific angles?

A

As the electrons in the bonds repel each other equally.

21
Q

What is catenation?

A

Where carbon bonds with itself to form strong covalent carbon-carbon bonds and give chains and rings of its atoms.

22
Q

What are the prefixes in order?

A

Meth, eth, prop, but, pent, hex, hept, oct, non, dec.

23
Q

What are aromatic compounds called?

A

Arenes.

24
Q

What is more reactive than the carbon-carbon bond in alkanes?

A

The double carbon-carbon bond in alkenes.

25
Q

What are structural isomers?

A

Compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structural formulae.

Developing Fuels (6 decks)

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