Diabetes

Question 0

Which age is onset for T1DM?

Answer 0

Any age but usually in kids

Question 1

Type 1 is considered ?

Answer 1

Insulin dependent

Absolute insulin deficiency

Question 2

What are the common S&S of T1DM?

Answer 2

Urine ketones
Ketoacidosis 
Weight loss
N&V 
Lethargy

Question 3

What are the classic symptoms of T1 DM ?

Answer 3

Polydipsia (thirst )
Polyphasic (eating)
Polyuria (urination)

Question 4

Type 2 is considered?

Answer 4

Non insulin dependent

Impaired insulin secretion

Question 5

What are the common S&S of T2DM?

Answer 5

Obesity 
Insidious 
IRS signs 
Velvety skin
NO KETONES

Question 6

What is ketoacidosis?

Answer 6

Body cannot use glucose as fuel; no insulin or not enough; fat is used instead =breakdown is ketones = serious SE

Question 7

What is Hyper Osmolar non ketotic coma ?

Answer 7

Type 2; precipitated by an infection, myocardial infarction, stroke or acute illness; insulin deficiency = increase in glucose serum; results in osmolarity ; leads to V depletion and hemoconcentration = increase in blood glucose

Question 8

When would you use Ultra-Short acting insulin?

Answer 8

5-15 min before meal

DOA 3-4

Question 9

What are the names of the Ultra Short acting insuline?

Answer 9

Lispro ( Humalog)
Aspart ( Novolog)
Glulisine (Apidra)

Question 10

When would you use Short-acting (Regular) insuline?

Answer 10

To control post prandial hyperglycemia and to treat emergency diabetic ketoacidosis
DOA: 6-8 hr
30-45 min before meal

Question 11

What are the types of Short-acting ( regular) insuline?

Answer 11

Humulin R

Novolun R

Question 12

When would you use intermediate-acting insulins (NPH & Lente) ?

Answer 12

DOA: 13-18 hrs
Treat all forms of diabetes (except diabetic ketoacidosis or emergency hyperglycemia )
Basal control and is usually given with rapid or short acting insulin = meal time control

Question 13

What does NPH stand for?

Answer 13

Neutral protamine Hagdorn

Question 14

What are the types of intermediate acting insulins ?

Answer 14

Humulin 50/50
Novolin 70/30
Humalog 75/25
Novolin N
Humulin N

Question 15

When would you use long acting insulins?

Answer 15

DOA: 24 hrs
Absorbed less rapidly than NPH and Lente
Designed to overcome the deficiencies of intermediate acting insulins

Question 16

What’s the advantages of long acting insulins?

Answer 16

+Constant circulating insuline over 25 hours no pronounced peak
+reduced risk of hypoglycemia esp nocturnal hypoglycemia

Question 17

What are the types of long acting insulins?

Answer 17

Insulin Glargine

Insulin Detemir

Question 18

What is basal insuline?

Answer 18

A low level of insulin that covers the body’s need for insulin between meals and during night ; given intermediate or long acting

Question 19

What is prandial insulin?

Answer 19

Usually around mealtime ; short or rapid acting insulin

Question 20

Glucagon

Answer 20

Hormone produced by pancreas = rise in blood glucose by freeing glycogen from the liver