Diabetes management

Question 1

Beta cells produces and are from

Answer 1

insulin and pancreas

Question 2

Type 1 diabetes , AKA

Answer 2

beta cells produces little or no insulin properly (Juvenile diabetes or Insulin-depndent diabetes

Question 3

What is the peak age for type 1 diabetes diagnoses?

Answer 3

14 years old

Question 4

Type 2 diabetes (insulin deficiency)

Answer 4

insulin deficiency , pancreas not producing enough insulin

Question 5

Type 2 diabestes, insulin resistance

Answer 5

Fat, liver and muscle cell don’t use insulin properly

Question 6

The nurse is teaching group of students about the characteristics of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following describe the underlying cause of the disease?

Answer 6

Destruction of pancreatic beta cells

Question 7

Which type of diabetes is controlled primarily through diet, exercise, and oral antidiabetic agents?

Answer 7

Type 2 diabetes

Question 8

Which of the following persons would most likely be diagnosed with diabetes mellitus? A 44-year-old:

Answer 8

African-American woman

Question 9

Glucagon

and when is normally glucagon activated

Answer 9

Converting amino-acids into glucose (gluconeogenesis)

hypoglycemic patients

Question 10

Which hormone produces glucagon

Answer 10

alpha cells

Question 11

Prior to discharge, the nurse performs discharge teaching for a patient admitted with a new diagnosis of type 1 diabetes. The patient asks for more information about the purpose of glucagon. Which is the best response by the nurse?

Answer 11

“You take glucagon if you’ve had too much insulin or are severely hypoglycemic.”

Question 12

Diagnosing diabetes through blood glucose reading

Answer 12

Regardless of when you last ate
>200 mg/dl : diabetes
More than 200 mg/dl is considered diabetic

Question 13

Fasting plasma glucose test (FPG) results for diabetics (taken after overnight fasting)

Answer 13

126 mg/dl or greater

Question 14

Fasting plasma glucose test (FPG) results for pre diabetes and normal range (taken after overnight fasting)

Answer 14

125 mg/dl to 100 mg/dl

less than 100 mg/dl

Question 15

hemoglobin A1c (HBA1c) test ae for

Answer 15

average blood glucose level for the past two to three moths (percentage of blood glucose attached to Hb

Question 16

normal range for HBA1c test

Answer 16

<5.7%

Question 17

pre diabetes range for HbA1c test

Answer 17

between 5.7 and 6.4%

Question 18

diabetes range for HbA1c test

Answer 18

> 6.5%

Question 19

Oral glucose tolerance test range for fasting range

Answer 19

60-100 mg/dl

Question 20

oral glucose tolerance test reading for 1 hour of drinking a sugar liquid

Answer 20

less than 200 mg/dl

Question 21

oral glucose tolerance test reading after 2 hours of drinking a sugary liquid and what is diabetic

Answer 21

less than 140 mg/dl (>200 mg/dl: diabetes)

Question 22

oral glucose tolerance test measures and what is done after fasting

Answer 22

a blood glucose level after an overnight fast

drink a sugary drink of 75 mg of glucose and test 1 hour, 2 hours after

Question 23

Blood sugar is well controlled when Hemoglobin A1C is:

Answer 23

below 7%

Question 24

complications of diabetes (small blood vessel damage can contribute to ) (microvascular complications

Answer 24

blindess and kidney diseases

Question 25

Complications of diabetes for Neve damage (neuropathy)

Answer 25

feet and hands , heart and circulation , | stomach, bladder and sex organs

Question 26

Blood becomes more ____ and this leads to circulation disruption to places like feet/hands

Answer 26

sticky

Question 27

Damage to vagal nerves in stomach can gauge things like

Answer 27

nausea, vomiting, constipation

Question 28

what are ways we can self manage diabetes

Answer 28

monitoring blood glucose, taking medication, following a meal plan, getting regular exercise

Question 29

Safe physical active for diabetes includes

Answer 29

test blood glucose before and after active , war the right shoes and socks. always warm u and cool down

Question 30

diabetes foot care

Answer 30

always inspect wash, dry , moisturize

Question 31

when cutting nails for diabetes patients

Answer 31

cut straight across rather than in a curved fashion to help prevent in grown toe nails also don't cut too short

Question 32

normal range after meals for a blood glucose

Answer 32

70-120 mg/dl

Question 33

range of blood glucose for hypoglycemia patients

Answer 33

BGL <70 mg/dl

Question 34

range of blood glucose for hyperglycemia patients

Answer 34

BGL >120 mg/dl

Question 35

how much to drink in grams of fast acing low-fat carbohydrate when hypoglycemic

Answer 35

15

Question 36

Hyperglycemic symptoms include

Answer 36

polyphasic, polydipisia , polyuria

Question 37

polyphagia

Answer 37

frequent hunger

Question 38

polydipsia

Answer 38

frequent thirst

Question 39

polyuria

Answer 39

increased volume of urination

Question 40

nursing diagnoses for diabetics. pos ,

Answer 40

risk for unstable blood glucose, risk for infection, risk for disturbed sensory preception

Question 41

Insulin : Regular and examples

Answer 41

short-acting insulin (Humulin R, Novolin R)

Question 42

insulin, NPH and examples

Answer 42

intermediate acting insulin (Humulin N, Novolin N)

Question 43

The blood glucose of a patient who is newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus has a blood glucose level of 340 mg/dL. Which type of insulin prescribed for the patient is appropriate to administer at this time?

Answer 43

3. Regular

Question 44

An external insulin pump is prescribed for a client with diabetes mellitus and the client asks the nurse about the functioning of the pump. The nurse bases the response on the information that the pump:

Answer 44

gives a small continuously dose of regular insulin subcutaneously, and the client can self-administer a bolus with an additional dose form the pump before each meal

Question 45

**Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) complications of hyper glycemic highlights

Answer 45

Glucose can’t enter cells for energy | Body begins to break down fat for energy

Question 46

when people misses their insulin treatment it causes cells to get energy from

Answer 46

fat and the wast products are ketones

Question 47

ketones can be present in

Answer 47

urine (ketonuria) and breath (fruity breath)

Question 48

common symptoms of DKA are

Answer 48

fruity smelling breath, abdominal pain and a flushed face

Question 49

common factors affecting DKA

Answer 49

type 1 diabetes and ones under age of 19

Question 50

as much as how many missed insulin can con lead to DKA

Answer 50

1 or serial insulin misses

Question 51

A client is brought to the emergency room in an unresponsive state, and a diagnosis of hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrome is made. The nurse would immediately prepare to initiate which of the following anticipated physician's orders?

Answer 51

intravenous infusion of normal saline

Question 52

Nonketotic syndrome is common in which type of diabetes

Answer 52

type 2

Question 53

do you need to fast for H1ABC test?

Answer 53

no