diagnose me

Question 1

26 yo F with v-tach, metabolic acidosis, muscle rigidity, 102˚F; this type o reaction to the medication runs in her family

Answer 1

malignant hyperthermia

• occurs as a result of administration of NMJ blockers (succinylcholine, halathone)
• results in hyperthermia, muscle rigidity, arrhythmias, hypotension, rhabdomyolysis, and DIC
• hypersensitivity to these kinds of Rx runs in families

Question 2

22 yo M presents with extreme rigidity, ∆ mental status, 104˚F, and highly elevated CPK

Answer 2

NMS

• due to neuroleptic use
• ∆ in mental status, autonomic instability (hyperthermia, tachycardia, labile HTN, tachypnea), and lead pipe muscle rigidity
• elevated CPK and leukocytosis are common

Question 3

45 yo M presents with 105˚F, tachycardia, arrhythmia, vomiting, diarrhea, dehydration; recently ill with pneumonia

Answer 3

thyrotoxicosis (thyroid storm)

• may occur when a patient with hyperthyroidism becomes very sick or physically stressed
• T > 104, tachycardia, arrhythmia, vomiting, diarrhea, dehydration, coma, death

Question 4

65 yo F is delirious; had blurry vision, nausea, diarrhea, and hyperreflexia

Answer 4

anticholinergic syndrome

Question 5

Type of EEG tonic clonic seizure produces

• triphasic waves (generalized synchronous waves occurring in brief runs)
• increased alpha activity in frontal area of the brain, but overall slowed alpha activity
• generalized paroxysmal activity and spike discharges
• diffuse slowing of background rhythms
• epileptiform discharge
• marked decerase in alpha activity
• periodic lateralizing epileptiform discharges
• decreased alpha activity, increased voltage of theta + delta waves
• generalized periodic sharp waves

Answer 5

epileptiform discharge

Question 6

Type of EEG hepatic encephalopathy produces

• triphasic waves (generalized synchronous waves occurring in brief runs)
• increased alpha activity in frontal area of the brain, but overall slowed alpha activity
• generalized paroxysmal activity and spike discharges
• diffuse slowing of background rhythms
• epileptiform discharge
• marked decerase in alpha activity
• periodic lateralizing epileptiform discharges
• decreased alpha activity, increased voltage of theta + delta waves
• generalized periodic sharp waves

Answer 6

triphasic waves (generalized synchronous waves occurring in brief runs)

Question 7

Type of EEG a severe electrolyte imbalance produces

• triphasic waves (generalized synchronous waves occurring in brief runs)
• increased alpha activity in frontal area of the brain, but overall slowed alpha activity
• generalized paroxysmal activity and spike discharges
• diffuse slowing of background rhythms
• epileptiform discharge
• marked decerase in alpha activity
• periodic lateralizing epileptiform discharges
• decreased alpha activity, increased voltage of theta + delta waves
• generalized periodic sharp waves

Answer 7

diffuse slowing of background rhythms

Question 8

Type of EEG heroin produces

• triphasic waves (generalized synchronous waves occurring in brief runs)
• increased alpha activity in frontal area of the brain, but overall slowed alpha activity
• generalized paroxysmal activity and spike discharges
• diffuse slowing of background rhythms
• epileptiform discharge
• marked decerase in alpha activity
• periodic lateralizing epileptiform discharges
• decreased alpha activity, increased voltage of theta + delta waves
• generalized periodic sharp waves

Answer 8

decreased alpha activity, increased voltage of theta + delta waves

Question 9

Type of EEG THC/weed produces

• triphasic waves (generalized synchronous waves occurring in brief runs)
• increased alpha activity in frontal area of the brain, but overall slowed alpha activity
• generalized paroxysmal activity and spike discharges
• diffuse slowing of background rhythms
• epileptiform discharge
• marked decerase in alpha activity
• periodic lateralizing epileptiform discharges
• decreased alpha activity, increased voltage of theta + delta waves
• generalized periodic sharp waves

Answer 9

increased alpha activity in frontal area of the brain, but overall slowed alpha activity

Question 10

Type of EEG nicotine withdrawal produces

• triphasic waves (generalized synchronous waves occurring in brief runs)
• increased alpha activity in frontal area of the brain, but overall slowed alpha activity
• generalized paroxysmal activity and spike discharges
• diffuse slowing of background rhythms
• epileptiform discharge
• marked decerase in alpha activity
• periodic lateralizing epileptiform discharges
• decreased alpha activity, increased voltage of theta + delta waves
• generalized periodic sharp waves

Answer 10

marked decerase in alpha activity

Question 11

Type of EEG barbiturate withdrawal produces

• triphasic waves (generalized synchronous waves occurring in brief runs)
• increased alpha activity in frontal area of the brain, but overall slowed alpha activity
• generalized paroxysmal activity and spike discharges
• diffuse slowing of background rhythms
• epileptiform discharge
• marked decerase in alpha activity
• periodic lateralizing epileptiform discharges
• decreased alpha activity, increased voltage of theta + delta waves
• generalized periodic sharp waves

Answer 11

generalized paroxysmal activity and spike discharges

Question 12

Type of EEG a stroke produces

• triphasic waves (generalized synchronous waves occurring in brief runs)
• increased alpha activity in frontal area of the brain, but overall slowed alpha activity
• generalized paroxysmal activity and spike discharges
• diffuse slowing of background rhythms
• epileptiform discharge
• marked decerase in alpha activity
• periodic lateralizing epileptiform discharges
• decreased alpha activity, increased voltage of theta + delta waves
• generalized periodic sharp waves

Answer 12

periodic lateralizing epileptiform discharges

Question 13

Type of EEG Creutzfeld-Jakob disease produces

• triphasic waves (generalized synchronous waves occurring in brief runs)
• increased alpha activity in frontal area of the brain, but overall slowed alpha activity
• generalized paroxysmal activity and spike discharges
• diffuse slowing of background rhythms
• epileptiform discharge
• marked decerase in alpha activity
• periodic lateralizing epileptiform discharges
• decreased alpha activity, increased voltage of theta + delta waves
• generalized periodic sharp waves

Answer 13

generalized periodic sharp waves

Question 14

sumatriptan target receptoer

Answer 14

5HT-1D

Question 15

risperidone target receptor

Answer 15

5HT-6

Question 16

receptor that affects the circadian rhythm

Answer 16

5HT-7

Question 17

anti-HTN target receptors

Answer 17

alpha-1ABD

Question 18

buspirone target receptor

Answer 18

5HT-1A

Question 19

asthma medication target receptor

Answer 19

ß2

Question 20

benztropine target receptor

Answer 20

M4

Question 21

haloperidol target receptor

Answer 21

dopamine D2

Question 22

diphenhydramine

Answer 22

H1

Question 23

inability to perceive color
vs.
color anomia 
vs.
color agnosia

Answer 23

central achromatopisa

inability to name a color

inability to recognize a color

Question 24

prosopagnosia

Answer 24

inability to recognize faces (due to disconnect of L inferior temporal lobe and L parietal lobe)

Question 25

simultanagnosia

Answer 25

inability to integrate a visual scene and perceive it as a whole

Question 26

apperceptive visual agnosia vs. associative visual agnosia

Answer 26

inability to identify and draw items using visual cues inability to name/use objects despite being able to draw them

Question 27

name this syndrome: | acalculia, agraphia, L/R disorientation, finger agnosia

Answer 27

Gertsmann syndrome - due to lesions in the parietal lobe of the dominant hemisphere

Question 28

inability to direct optically guided movements, oculomotor apraxia, and simultaneous gnosia

Answer 28

Balint syndrome

Question 29

failure to acknowledge that one is blind

Answer 29

Anton Syndrome - due to bilateral occipital lobe lesions