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Psychiatry > Diagnosis > Flashcards

Diagnosis Flashcards

(52 cards)

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1
Q

what do organic disorders tend to present with?

A

Changes to cognition
Delirium
Dementia

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2
Q

What are 3 examples of causes of organic disorders?

A

Head injury
Tumours
Endocrine disorders

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3
Q

What category on the hierarchy model does alcohol withdrawal fit into? symptoms?

A

Organic disorders
Delirium tremens
Confusion, tremor, shivering, irregular HR, sweating

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4
Q

2 examples of psychotic disorders?

A

Schizophrenia

Schizoaffective disorder

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5
Q

2 examples of mood disorders?

A

Unipolar depressive illness

Bipolar

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6
Q

6 examples of anxiety disorders?

A 
GAD
Phobias
Hypochondriasis
OCD
Panic disorders
Maladaptive behaviour
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7
Q

7 types of personality disorders?

A 
Psychopathy
Dependant
Anankastic
Borderline
Cyclothymic
Narcissistic
Anxious
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8
Q

What does phenomenology refer to?

A

Investigation and description of a patient experience without assumptions being made regarding causation

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9
Q

How do you interpret someones Appearance and Behaviour in the MSE?

A 
Greeting
Hygiene - groomed, clean, dressed
Face - Eye contact, expression
Body - Posture, expressive movement, scars and tattoos
How do they talk towards the examiner?
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10
Q

Thought form is analysed how?

A 
how they speak 
Rate of speech
Tone of voice
Volume of speech
Coherence
Spontaneity
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11
Q

Thought form looks at the coherence of speech, what 3 different disordered aspects of this can occur?

A

Flight of ideas
Knights Move
Neologisms

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12
Q

Difference between mood and affect?

A

Mood - climate

Affect - weather

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13
Q

How is mood commented on in the notes?

A

Subjectively in patients own words

Objectively in examiners interpretation

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14
Q

3 aspects of thought content that are looked into in MSE?

A

flow
passivity
content

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15
Q

What does flow look at in MSE thought content?

A

knights move
flight of ideas
thought block
perservation

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16
Q

What are 3 aspects of passivity that are analysed in thought content analysis of MSE?

A

thought insertion
thought withdrawal
Thought broadcast

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17
Q

Aspects of content within thought content MSE?

A 
preoccupations
Ruminations
obsessions
delusions
themes of conversation
Abnormal beliefs
Overvalued ideas
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18
Q

Difference between obsession and delusion?

A

Obsessions are forceful or intruding thoughts that the patient knows are irrational and often associated with compulsive acts
Delusions are false fixed beliefs which cant be shaken by argument

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19
Q

what does perception in MSE mainly investigate?

A

Hallucinations

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20
Q

Difference between hallucinations and delusions?

A

Hallucinations are perception in the absence of external stimulus whereas delusion is a correctly sensed stimulus that is given additional significance

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21
Q

Hypnogogic hallucinations vs hypnapompic hallucinations?

Study These Flashcards
A 
Hypnogogic = hallucinations as you go to sleep
Hypnapompic = hallucinations as you wake up
22
Q

Screening questions for cognition?

Study These Flashcards
A

time, place, person
concentration and attention
Memory of newly presented information

23
Q

Mood symptoms of depression in present thinking?

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A 
Anhedonia
Loss of concentration
Lethargic
Low mood - diurnal variation
Low appetite
Memory difficulties 
Reduced functioning
24
Q

Biological effects of depression?

Study These Flashcards
A

Loss of libido
Sleep effects
Appetite
Weight loss

25
5 features of anxiety manifestations?
``` Free floating situational Depersonalisation Derealisation Phobias Panic attacks ```
26
Physiological effects of anxiety?
``` Tremor Butterflies SOB Heart palpitations - chest pain Sweating Headaches Sensitive to light Dry mouth Tingling Tinnitus Diarrhoea and nausea Vertigo Blushing ```
27
Mood symptoms in mania and hypomania?
``` increased energy decreased need for sleep increased libido restless sensitive to noise grandiosity ```
28
What does Schneiders first rank symptoms look at?
Insertion, withdrawal, broadcast Voices - third person, running commentary Audible thoughts Somatic passivity
29
3 features of psychosis?
Loss of touch with reality hallucinations delusions
30
Cotards syndrome?
Walking corpse
31
Othello syndrome?
Delusions of infidelity
32
Ertomania/ de clerambault's syndrome?
delusion that someone famous is in love with you
33
Folie a deux?
Shared delusions
34
What are the 3 types of psychotherapy available?
Supportive psychotherapy Cognitive and behavioural therapies Psychodynamic and psychoanalytical therapies
35
Examples of supportive psychotherapies?
Group counselling Support groups Motivational counselling Ventilaton of emotions
36
4 situations where psychotherapy is contraindicated?
Acute psychosis severe depression Drug abuse Dementia or Delirium
37
How many weeks of CBT does a person usually undergo?
12-16 weeks
38
What 5 categories does CBT look at?
``` Thoughts Feelings Behaviours Bodily reaction Environment ```
39
What is the aspect of CBT implemented in solving OCD?
exposure and response prevention
40
What is interpersonal psychotherapy and what is it used to treat? 16 sessions
Emotional difficulties cause as a result of interpersonal issues Used to treat - depression, eating disorders, diabetes compliance 16 sessions
41
To assess a person's interpersonal relationships what questions can you ask?
Who is the most important person in your life? Who do you see most in your life? How does depression effect your relationships? Is there a relationship precipitant? resolution?
42
What does cognitive analytical therapy aim to do? how many sessions?
16 sessions Aims to understand how problems have developed from events and experiences Looks at current coping mechanisms and aims to change them
43
What does mentalisation based therapy aim to do? how long do sessions extend for?
Aims to help individual understand their own mind and the mind of those around them Made up of 90 minute group sessions and 50 minute individual sessions 18-24 months programme
44
What is dialectical behavioural therapy mainly used to treat? What is made during the therapy to guide patient?
Personality disorders Make a list of behaviours to decrease and list of behaviours to increase, modified CBT Contract and telephone support
45
What are the 3 stages of dialectical behavioural therapy?
``` 1 = commitment, safety and stability 2 = symptom management 3 = REACH (regulating emotions through acceptance and change) ```
46
What does psychoanalytical therapy and psychodynamic psychotherapy base their management on? How many sessions usually spanning over what time period?
Unconscious thoughts, feeling and fears which are repressed and therefore lead to symptoms Usually over 20 sessions over more than a year period
47
What is eye movement desensitisation and reprogramming used for treatment of primarily?
PTSD | Helps the brain process flashbacks
48
What is motivational interviewing mainly used in the treatment of? What kind of tools does it use?
Tackling addiction | Looks at pros and cons, confidence and important to individual, looking at the past and future, exploring goals
49
Main two forms of therapy in personality disorders?
Mentilsation based therapy | Interpersonal behavioural therapy
50
Main two forms of therapy for eating disorders?
CBT and systemic therapy (family)
51
Main 2 forms of therapy for addictions?
CBT and motivational interviewing
52
Main 2 forms of therapy for PTSD?
CBT and eye movement desensitisation and reprogramming (EMDR)

Psychiatry (17 decks)

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