Diagnosis and Classification of Perio Diseases Flashcards
(82 cards)
1
Q
Factors of Diesease
A
- Microbial plaque
- genetics/host factors
- Aquired/environmental factors
2
Q
Things we have control over changing
A
microbial and host factors
3
Q
reason for loss of… is due to
A
response due to biofilm
4
Q
history and physical examination includes
A
chief complaint risk history, medical and dental history EO/IO Clinical examination Radiographic examination supplemental diagnostic test
5
Q
order of diagnosis
A
History/exam -> Diagnosis -> Prognosis -> Treatment -> Non/surgical -> asses outcome -> history/exam or prognosis
6
Q
Making a diagnosis
A
- describing the absence or presence of inflammation
- measuring the level of attachment loss
7
Q
examle of logical inferences
A
- Raidographs and attachment levels indicate what happened in the past
- signs of inflammation such as erythema, swelling, bleeding etc .. indicate what is happening now
8
Q
Periodontal probe
A
- in mm
- used evaluate the health of periodontal tissues
9
Q
pocket depth
A
histological depth
10
Q
probe depth
A
clinical depth
11
Q
function of probe is used to determine the
A
- health of the perio tissues
- extent of damage to the perio tissues
- miniature rulers for making intraoral measurements
12
Q
bleeding on probing
A
for 4 consecutive visits 30% chance of clinical attachment loss
13
Q
Probe position with attachment loss
A
tip touches the root below CEJ
Usually greater than 3mm
Disease present (bleeding)
Difficult to measure
14
Q
finding that important for diagnosis perio disease
A
probing depths recession bleeding on probing furcation involvement mobility Spacing rotation caries anatomy (crowns)
15
Q
1999 World Workshop Class I
A
gingival diseases
16
Q
1999 World Workshop Class II
A
Chronic Periodontitis
17
Q
1999 World Workshop Class III
A
Aggressive Periodontitis
18
Q
1999 World Workshop Class IV
A
Periodontitis as a manifestation of Systemic Diseases
19
Q
1999 World Workshop Class V
A
Necrotizing Periodontal Diseases
20
Q
1999 World Workshop Class VI
A
Abscesses of the Periodontium
21
Q
1999 World Workshop Class VII
A
Periodontitis associated with endodontic lesions
22
Q
1999 World Workshop Class VII
A
developmental or acquired deformities and conditions
23
Q
Dental plaque-induced gingival diseases
A
- associated with dental plaque only
- modified by systemic factors
- modified by medications
- modified by malnutrition
24
Q
Non-plaque induced gingivallesions
A
- bacterial orgin
- viral orgin
- fungal origin
- gentic origin
- manifestation of systemic conditions
- traumatic lesions
- foregin body reactions
25
two main categories of gingivitis are
plaque induced
| non-plaque induced
26
plaque induced gingivities results from
interplay between plaque bacteria and host denfense system
27
plaque induced inflammation the results is primarily attributable to the
body's response in the presence of bacteria and or their products
28
1989 world workshop Class I
adult perio
29
1989 world workshop Class II
early onset perio
-
-
-
30
1989 world workshop Class III
Perio associated with systemic disease
31
1989 world workshop Class IV
necrotizing Ulcerative Perio
32
1989 world workshop Class V
Refracting Perio
33
you can treat gingivitis with a
prophylaxis
34
slight gingivitis can be
slight areothemia
35
plaque induced gingivitis can occur in
area where there had been attachment loss previously, but is stable and not progressing
36
Gingivititis: _____ _____ must be available for proper diagnosis, including ___ ____ ___
longitudinal records, clinical attachment levels
37
can you make diagnosis of gingivitis from a radiograph?
NO
38
amlodipine induces
gingival enlargemnet
39
gingivitits associated with systemic medications
- phenytoin (dilantin)
- Cyclosporin
- Calcium channel blockers (ex. Nifedipine)
40
Guidelines of extent of disease are
> 30% = Generalized
41
non-plaque induced gingivitis represents a small percentage of cases and can result from
- virus
- fungi
- allergic reactions
- autoimmune reactions
- Trauma
42
desquamative means
shloffing off tissue
43
auto immune reactions such as desquamative gingivitis, caused by?
lichen planus
mucous membrane
pemphyigold and pemphigus vulgaris
44
lichen planus can lead to
squamous carcinoma
45
Clinical attachment loss depths for slight, moderate, severe for periodontitis
slight: 1-2 mm CAL
moderate: 3-4 mm CAL
severe: > 5 mm CAL
46
chronic periodontitis is characterized as a
slowly progressing disease
47
can patients exhibit short periods of rapid progression?
Yes
48
what is the most commonform of periodontitis?
chronic perio.
49
what induces chronic perio.?
plaque
50
chronic periodontitis leads to inflammation of the periodontal tissue that results in:
- inflammation of the periodontal tissues
- destruction of connective tissue of PDL
- destruction of supporting alveolar bone
51
diagnosis of perio. must have both what at the same time and location?
1. loss of periodontal attachment from the cemento-enamel junction
2. Presence of gingival inflammation that extends beyond the marginal gingiva into the connective tissue
52
what did aggressive periodontitis replaced?
early onset periodontitis
53
Generalized Aggressive
| Periodontitis
-usually seen in clinically healthy
54
common feautres of localized (LAP)and generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAP)
```
Clinically healthy subjects
Rapid onset of attachment loss and bone loss
Familial aggregation
Phagocyte abnormalities
Hyperresponsive macrophage phenotype
```
55
????protein associated with aggressive periodontitis?
| PMN trianlge
protein GP 120?
56
Amounts of microbial deposits are ______ with the severity of periodontal destruction
inconsistent
57
bugs associated with aggressive periontitis
A.a. and P.g.
58
most import part of treatment?
re evaluation
59
Aggressive Perio facts for localized
- circumpubertal onset
- First molar or incisor w/ attachment loss atleast 2 permanent teeth, one of which a first molar
- sig. serum antibody response to infecting agents
60
aggressivePerio facts for generalized
- usually under age 30,but may be older
- gen attachment loss aff. least 3 teeth other than first molar and incisors
- poorserum response to infecting agents
- epdisoic nature of destruction
61
necrotizing periodontal diseases two basic forms:
1. Necrotizing Ulcerative gingivitis (NUG)
| 2. Necrotizing Ulcerative periodontitis (NUP)
62
Common feautures of NUG and NUP include:
- Rapid onset of pain
- Ulceration and necrosis of marginal gingiva (papillais the classis location)
- predisposition to decreased systemic resistance to certain bacterial infections
63
NUG is/has
- interproximal necrosis and ulceration of gingival papilla or margin(black triangle)
- Rapid onset of pain
- Fetid breath
- may have pseudomembrane on the surface
- may have lymphadenopathy, fever, malais, anorexia
64
smell is coming from
valital fatty acid spirochetes and dead tissue
65
NUG factors associated with disease
- emotional stress
- heavy cigarette use
- lack of sleep
- poor diet
- immunosuppression
66
Nup is/has
- sim. to clinical apprearance of NUG
- often involves sign loss of connective tissue and alveolar bone
- sometimes bone exposure and sequestration is seen
- associated with severe immuno-suppression is seen in small proportion of HIV- infected patients or those protein -energy malnutrition
67
periodontal abscess is
- circumscribed collection of neutrophil-laden pus in the sift tissue wall of the periodontal pocket
- usually has a swelling
- can have a fistula
68
fistula is
An abnormal connection between organs
69
causes of perio abscess
- deep periodontal pockets
- incomplete calculus removal
- occlusion of the pocket by foreign bodies
- use of antibiotics without scaling and root planing to remove plaque and calculus
70
Periodontal Abscess is classified into what categories:
Gingival Ascess
Periodontal Abscess
Pericoronal Abscess
71
gingival abscess
localized to the gingiva only
72
periodontal abscess
localized to the tissues adjacent to the periodontal pocket that may lead to the periodontal ligament and bone
73
Pericoronal abscess
associated with the crown of a partially erupted tooth
74
developmental or acquired deformities / conditions
- cervical enamel projections
- enamel pearls
- furcation anatomy
- root proximity
- tooth position
- root surface grooves
75
what are mucogingival deformities
lack or absence of keratinized marginal gingival tissue
76
what can cause mucogingival deformities
- trama
- hist of periodontitis
- ortho (moving teeth)
77
occlusal tramuma results from
loads on a tooth that exceeds the ability of the periodontium to withstand them
78
primary occlusal tramuma is
highly moblie
79
second occlusal tramuma is
most common , loss attachment and is now normal but has movment
80
the two recognized forms of occlusal trauma
primary and secondary occlusal tramuma
81
Periodontitis as a manifestation of systemic diseases is
asscoiated with hematologic disorders ( neutropenias, leukemias)
82
associated genetic disorders with Periodontitis as a manifestation of systemic diseases are
- familial and cyclic neutropenia
- down syndrome
- leukocyte adhesion deficiency syndrome
- papillon-leferve syndrome
- chediak-higashi syndrom
