diagnostic tests

Question 1

which do you schedule first?

contrast or non-contrast studies

Answer 1

non-contrast

Question 2

which do you schedule first?

iodine contrast or barium studies

Answer 2

iodine contrast

Question 3

which do you schedule first?

upper GI or lower GI

Answer 3

lower GI

Question 4

do you collect stool specimens before or after barium tests?

Answer 4

before

Question 5

why may gender affect test results?

Answer 5

muscle mass

Question 6

nursing responsibilities during tests

Answer 6

know what supplies are needed, help alleviate pt anxiety, immediately transport specimen

Question 7

nursing responsibilities after tests

Answer 7

after care orders, treat complications, report results to MD, follow-up education

Question 8

which type of blood study is most common?

Answer 8

venous

Question 9

Allen test

Answer 9

pt makes fist; nurse holds radial and ulnar arteries; pt releases fist (palm is now white); nurse releases ulnar artery; look for pt to regain color in hand

Question 10

how long do you hold pressure on site after ABG?

Answer 10

5 minutes

Question 11

what type of syringe do you use for ABG?

Answer 11

heparinized

Question 12

what do you use for a skin puncture?

Answer 12

heel, fingers, and a capillary tube

Question 13

what does a plain tube indicate for venous blood studies?

Answer 13

no preservative added

Question 14

proper order of blood draw tubes?

Answer 14

blood cultures, nonadditive tubes, additive tubes

Question 15

the pt should stop use of what substance prior to electrodiagnostic tests?

Answer 15

caffiene

Question 16

what does an ECG/EKG evaluate?

Answer 16

cardiac rhythm, conduction, and damage

Question 17

what is an EEG used for?

Answer 17

dx seizures, tumors, infarctions, and monitor activity of brain during surgery

Question 18

what does an EMG do?

Answer 18

indicates muscle disease from neurologic disease

Question 19

what are endoscopic studies used for?

Answer 19

inspection of internal organs/cavities via a rigid/flexible scope

Question 20

what do invasive endoscopic studies require?

Answer 20

pt consent, NPO 8-12hr, conscious sedation

Question 21

colonoscopy and sigmoidoscopy show which part of the body?

Answer 21

portions of large intestine

Question 22

cystoscopy shows which part of the body?

Answer 22

urethra, bladder, ureters, and prostate

Question 23

esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) shows which part of the body?

Answer 23

esophagus, stomach, and duodenum

Question 24

laparoscopy shows which part of the body?

Answer 24

abdominal and pelvic organs

Question 25

what do you do prior to EGD?

Answer 25

must be NPO, remove dentures, check gag reflex

Question 26

what is the abdomen filled with during laparoscopy and what is a side effect?

Answer 26

CO2, abdominal gas pain

Question 27

what are fluid analysis studies used for?

Answer 27

to diagnose brain/SC diseases; | aspirate effusions to decrease swelling, improve breathing, and improve cardiac function

Question 28

is a lumbar puncture a clean or sterile technique?

Answer 28

sterile

Question 29

what is the purpose of a lumbar puncture?

Answer 29

detects brain or spinal cord cancer, hemorrhage, meningitis, and MS

Question 30

post-lumbar puncture care instructions

Answer 30

prone, force fluids, flat for 12hr, send specimen to lab ASAP

Question 31

what is the purpose of paracentesis?

Answer 31

decrease abdominal pressure in pts with ascites

Question 32

what does nuclear scanning do?

Answer 32

allows anatomic and functional analysis of tissues; creates a color picture with hot and cold spots

Question 33

why is it important to force fluids after nuclear scanning?

Answer 33

to eliminate contrast material

Question 34

how does ultrasonography work?

Answer 34

it uses sound waves to differentiate between solid and fluid structures

Question 35

M-mode (motion-mode) ultrasound

Answer 35

evaluates cardiac wall motion

Question 36

doppler ultrasound

Answer 36

vascular study, records sound of blood flow

Question 37

duplex

Answer 37

vascular study, records sound of blood flow AND creates an image

Question 38

GB (gallbladder) ultrasound

Answer 38

evaluates GB, must be NPO prior to reduce gas for better visualization

Question 39

pelvic ultrasound

Answer 39

some procedures may require a full bladder, also a frequently used procedure to evaluate fetal development

Question 40

what does an x-ray show?

Answer 40

pictures of body structure with denser objects appearing white, less dense gray, and air spaces black

Question 41

plain film x-ray

Answer 41

such as for fractures; done AP, lateral, and oblique

Question 42

fluorscopy

Answer 42

senses organs in motion (ie: barium swallow)

Question 43

tomography

Answer 43

computer aided 360 degree view in sections: CT scan

Question 44

what medication should be stopped prior to tomography? how long before?

Answer 44

metformin/glucophage | 48 hours

Question 45

barium studies

Answer 45

barium swallow, barium enema, never done if perforation suspected, give laxative after to combat constipation

Question 46

KUB (kidney, ureter, bladder)

Answer 46

done prior to barium studies

Question 47

bone density

Answer 47

used to dx osteoporosis, remove metal, not done w/in 10days of barium

Question 48

mammography

Answer 48

dx breast disorders

Question 49

myelography

Answer 49

used to detect disorders of spinal cord, nerve roots