dialect Flashcards
(15 cards)
- Refers to a geographical variant of a language.
- It is a variety of a language spoken by a group of people that is characterized by systematic features (e.g. phonological, lexical, grammatical) that distinguishes it from other varieties of that same language.
DIALECT
- It is the distinctive speech pattern of an individual, a linguistic pattern regarded as unique among speakers of a person’s language or dialect.
- IDIOLECT
- It refers to words that are not considered part of the standard vocabulary of a language and that are used very informally in speech especially by a particular group of people.
- It is characterized as a very informal language variety that includes new terms and sometimes not polite words and meanings.
- SLANG
- It is a set of vocabulary items used by members of particular professions, that is, their technical terms. For example, linguists have a large vocabulary that is not well understood by non-linguists.
JARGON
developed by people who do not have a common language to communicate in the same geographical area.
- It is nobody’s first language/mother tongue because it doesn’t have any native speakers; it is just used as a contact language for communication purposes.
PIDGINS
- It is often defined as a pidgin that has become the first language of a new generation of speakers.
- _____ a ‘normal’ language in almost every sense. A _____ is a pidgin which has expanded in structure and vocabulary to express the range of meanings and serve the range of functions required of a first language.
CREOLE
- Also known as a social dialect, is a variety of language (or register) used by a socioeconomic class, a profession, an age group, or any other social group.
SOCIOLECT
- A ______ is a variety of language defined according to its use in social situations, characterized by specific vocabulary, grammar, and style that are appropriate for particular contexts and audiences.
- Refers to it as the level of formality with which you speak.
REGISTER
- HOW DO YOU DECIDE WHICH LANGUAGE REGISTER IS APPROPRIATE TO USE?
- AUDIENCE
- TOPIC
- SITUATION
TYPES(?) OF REGISTER
- FROZEN
- FORMAL
- CONSULTATIVE
- CASUAL
- INTIMATE
This style of communications RARELY or NEVER changes. It is “frozen” in time and content.
- Examples: Biblical verse, prayers, the Pledge of Allegiance, and so forth.
FROZEN/STATIC
- This language is used in ____ settings and is one-way in nature. This use of language usually follows a commonly accepted format.
- Examples: sermons, rhetorical statements and questions, speeches, pronouncements made by judges, announcements.
FORMAL
This is a standard form of communications. Users engage in a mutually accepted structure of communications. It is formal and societal expectations accompany the users of this speech.
- Examples: Communications between a superior and a subordinate, doctor & patient, lawyer & client, lawyer & judge, teacher & student, counselor & client.
3.Consultative
- This is________language used by peers and friends. Slang, vulgarities and colloquialisms are normal. This is “group” language. One must be a member to engage in this register.
- Examples: buddies, teammates, chats and emails, and blogs, and letters to friends, personal e-mails, phone texts, short notes, friendly letters, diaries and journals.
CASUAL/INFORMAL
- This communication is private. It is reserved for close family members or ______ people. It is best avoided in public and professional situations.
- Examples: husband & wife, boyfriend & girlfriend, siblings, parent & children.
INTIMATE
