Diarrhea

Question 1

What do you not give to pts with invasive diarrhea

Answer 1

Anti-motility agents

Question 2

What is the most common cause of gastroenteritis in adults

Answer 2

Norovirus

Question 3

What is the predominating sx in most noninvasive diarrhea

Answer 3

Vomiting

Question 4

What is the most common cause of diarrhea in children

Answer 4

Rotavirus

Question 5

What type of diarrhea has vomiting, watery, voluminous, and no fecal or WBC

Answer 5

Noninvasive diarrhea

Question 6

What diarrhea is from food contamination of dairy products, meats, eggs, and mayonnaise

Answer 6

Staphylococcus

Question 7

What is the tx of staphylococcus diarrhea

Answer 7

Self limiting

Question 8

What diarrhea do you get from fried rice

Answer 8

Bacillus cereus

Question 9

How do you treat bacillus cereus

Answer 9

Supportive

Question 10

What exotoxins causes hyper secreation of water and choloride ions leading to dehydration

Answer 10

Vibrio cholerae and vibrio parahemolyticus

Question 11

What diarrhea is transmitted via contaminated food and water esp abroad

Answer 11

Vibrio cholera

Question 12

What type of diarrhea is associated with raw shellfish in Mexico

Answer 12

Vibrio parahemolyticus

Question 13

What type of diarrhea has rice water stool

Answer 13

Vibrio cholerae and vibrio parahemolyticus

Question 14

What is the treatment of vibrio cholerae and vibrio parahemolyticus

Answer 14

Often self limited…fluid replacements

If high fevers fluoroquinolones

Question 15

What is the most common cause of travelers diarreha

Answer 15

Enterotoxogenic E. Coli

Question 16

How does one get enterotoxogenic E. coli

Answer 16

Unsanitary drinking water

Question 17

What is the treatment of Enterotoxogenic E. coli

Answer 17

Fluoroquinolone : Bactrim or Doxycycline

Question 18

Name some Fluoroquinolones

Answer 18

Levoquin and ciprofloxin

They all in in floxacin

Question 19

What is an organism overgrowth secondary to alteration of normal flora

Answer 19

Clostridium difficult

Question 20

What type of abx can cause C-diff

Answer 20

Clindamycin

Question 21

What are some sx of C-diff

Answer 21

Abdominal cramps, diarreha, fever,

Question 22

What is a serious complication of c-diff

Answer 22

Toxic mega colon

Question 23

What is the treatment of c-diff

Answer 23

Metronidazole

Vancomycin is 2nd line

Question 24

What are some factors that would make you think a pt has an invasive diarrhea

Answer 24

High fevers, blood and fecal leukocyte, not as voluminous,

Question 25

What diarrhea is from fecal oral contamination and is highly virulent

Answer 25

Shigella

Question 26

A pt comes to you with abd cramps and explosive watery diarrhea. He has been running a fever and states that the diarreha has been bloody. What is the most likely organism

Answer 26

Shigella

Question 27

What can shiggella cause in young children

Answer 27

Febrile seizures

Question 28

What can a severe case of shigella lead to?

Answer 28

Toxic megacolon

Question 29

What would you see on sigmoidoscopy of shigella

Answer 29

Punctuate areas of ulceration

Question 30

What is the treatment of shigella

Answer 30

Bactrim

Question 31

What type of diarrhea can mimic acute appendicitis

Answer 31

Yersinia enterolitica

Question 32

What is the treatment of yersinia enterocolitica

Answer 32

Fluoroquinolones: Bactrim

Question 33

What type of diarrhea can be caused by poultry products, and exotic pets

Answer 33

Salmonella

Question 34

Who is at high risk for developing salmonella

Answer 34

Immunocomprimised, sickle cell, AIDs, children, elderly

Question 35

What type of bacteria causes salmonella gastroenteritis

Answer 35

S. Typhimurium

Question 36

What type of diarrhea has "pea soup stools"

Answer 36

Salmonella gastroenteritis

Question 37

How do you treat Salmonella gastroenteritis

Answer 37

Usually self limited

Question 38

What bacteria causes typhoid fever

Answer 38

S. Typhi

Question 39

What type of salmonella causes bradycardia, pea soup stools, intractable fevers, and headache

Answer 39

Typhoid fever

Question 40

How do you treat salmonella

Answer 40

Fluoroquinolones

Question 41

What type of diarrhea is caused by undercooked ground beef, unpasteurized milk/apple cider, and day care centers

Answer 41

Enterhemorrhagic E. coli 0157:H7

Question 42

What type of diarrhea is watery, bloody, with cramps abd pain, and fevers. They will produce a cytotoxin

Answer 42

Enterohemorrhagic E. Coli 0157:H7

Question 43

What is the treatment of enterohemorrhagic E. coli 0157:H7

Answer 43

Supportive treatment

Question 44

Why may you not want to use abx for enterohemorrhagic E. coli 0157:H7

Answer 44

Increased incidence of hemolytic uremic syndrome

Question 45

What is the most common cause of bacterial enteritis in the US

Answer 45

Campylobacter enteritis

Question 46

What diarrhea is the most common antecendent event in post infectious Guillain Barre syndrome

Answer 46

campylobacter enteritis

Question 47

What will you see on cx of campylobacter enteritis

Answer 47

S or seagull shaped organisms

Question 48

What is the treatment of campylobacter enteritis

Answer 48

Erythromycin or Fluoroquinolones

Question 49

What diarrhea can come from contaminated water from remote streams/wells or "backpackers diarrhea"

Answer 49

Giardia lamblia

Question 50

What type of diarrhea can be cause frothy greasy foul diarrhea

Answer 50

Giardia lamblia

Question 51

Does giardia have blood or pus in the diarrhea

Answer 51

No

Question 52

How do you dx giardia

Answer 52

Culture and you will see trophozites/cyst in stool

Question 53

How do you treat giardia lamblia

Answer 53

Metronidazole

Question 54

What type of diarreha is common in travelers to developing countries

Answer 54

Entamoeba hystoltica

Question 55

What type of diarrhea has GI colitis, dysentery, and amebic liver abscess

Answer 55

Amebiasis

Question 56

What is the treatment for an amebiasis diarreha

Answer 56

Metronidazole

Question 57

What is the most common cause of chronic diarrhea in an aids pt

Answer 57

Cryptosporidium

Question 58

What diarrhea is caused by malabsorption of nonabsorbale substance in intestinal Luman with a secondary accumulation of fluid

Answer 58

Osmotic diarrhea

Question 59

What type of diarrhea is normal osmotic gap large volume and no change in diarrhea with fasting

Answer 59

Secretory diarrhea

Question 60

Invasive or noninvasive diarrhea | Enterotoxins increase GI secreations of electrolytes

Answer 60

Non-invasive diarrhea

Question 61

Invasive or noninvasive diarrhea | Cytotoxins cause mucosal invasion and damage

Answer 61

Invasive diarrhea

Question 62

Invasive or noninvasive diarrhea | Small bowel large volume of stool

Answer 62

Non-invasive diarrhea

Question 63

Invasive or noninvasive diarrhea | Large bowel; small volume with high fevers

Answer 63

Invasive

Question 64

Invasive or noninvasive diarrhea | Vomiting is the predominating sx

Answer 64

Non-invasive diarrhea

Question 65

Invasive or noninvasive diarrhea | +fecal blood with WBC and mucous

Answer 65

Invasive diarrhea

Question 66

Invasive or noninvasive diarrhea | Viral

Answer 66

Non-invasive

Question 67

Invasive or noninvasive diarrhea | S. Aureus

Answer 67

Non-invasive

Question 68

Invasive or noninvasive diarrhea | B. Cereus

Answer 68

Non-invasive

Question 69

Invasive or noninvasive diarrhea | V. Cholera

Answer 69

Non-invasive

Question 70

Invasive or noninvasive diarrhea | Enterotoxogenic E. coli

Answer 70

Non-invasive

Question 71

Invasive or noninvasive diarrhea | Shigella

Answer 71

Invasive

Question 72

Invasive or noninvasive diarrhea | Salmonella

Answer 72

Invasive

Question 73

Invasive or noninvasive diarrhea | IBD (UC and CD)

Answer 73

Invasive

Question 74

Invasive or noninvasive diarrhea | Enterohemorrhagic E. coli

Answer 74

Invasive