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GIT > Diarrhoea > Flashcards

Diarrhoea Flashcards

(11 cards)

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1
Q

mainstay of treatment

A

ORS (Oral Rehydration Salt)

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2
Q

add on drugs

A

antimotility
antisecretory
adsorbant
probiotics
prebiotics

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3
Q

standard WHO ors formula

A

Na+ - 90mM
K+ - 20mM
Cl- - 80mM
citrate - 10mM
glucose - 111mM

total-311mOsm/l

based on diarrhoea due to cholera

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4
Q

new ORS formula

A

Na+ - 75mM
K+ - 20mM
Cl- - 65mM
citrate - 10mM
glucose - 75mM

total-245mOsm/l

based on ETEC diarrhoea

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5
Q

zinc supplementation in diarrhoea

A

0-6 months: 10mg Zn/day
6 months-5 yrs: 20mg Zn/day

zinc reduces diarrhoea and increases growth or absorptive power of intestinal cells

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6
Q

Antimotility

A

opioids - Loperamide (DOC for diarrhoea) , Diphenoxylate

5HT3 antagonists - Alosetron - diarrhoea in IBS in females only

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7
Q

antisecretory

A

Octreotide - doc for secretory diarrhoea in carcinoid syndrome, VIPoma, HIV, cancer

Crofelemer - inhibits CFTR transporter which decrease chloride secretion, new drug for HIV induced diarrhoea

Clonidine - alpha 2A agonist - decreases chloride secretion and is used in treatment of diabetic diarrhoea

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8
Q

Adsorbant

A

used in IBS

Bulk laxatives - only drugs for diarrhoea and constipation
Psyillum
Ispagula

bile acid binders - Cholestyramine

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9
Q

Prebiotics

A

(stimulates colonic bacterial growth)

bulk laxatives

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10
Q

probiotics

A

good or symbiotic colonic bacteria

Bifidobacterium
Lactobacillus
Fusarium
Streptomyces (fungus)

use: given for treatment of antibiotics associated diarrhoea

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11
Q

Irritable bowel syndrome

A

predominant symptom:

constipation: bulk laxatives -> osmotic laxatives -> chloride secretors -> prokinetics

diarrhoea: antimotility drug (Loperamide is doc) -> Adsorbant -> Alosetron in females

abdominal pain: antispasmodics -> tricyclics antidepressants

gas/bloating: Probiotics -> Rifaximin

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GIT (4 decks)

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