Dietary Disorders

Question 1

When does CHD occur?

Answer 1

One or more coronary arteries is narrowed or blocked by a buildup of fatty deposits on its walls. This restricts blood flow to the heart muscle.

Question 2

What is another word for CHD?

Answer 2

Atherosclerosis

Question 3

What is Type 1 Diabetes?

Answer 3

Body can’t make insulin. Occurs in kids, adolescents and young adults. “Insulin Dependent Diabetes”

Question 4

What is Type 2 Diabetes?

Answer 4

Not enough insulin produced/isn’t effective. Develops later in life (40+) “Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes”

Question 5

5 risk factors for type 2 diabetes?

Answer 5

Age, inactivity, obesity, family history, other health problems (circulation, heart attack/stroke, high BP)

Question 6

How does dental caries/tooth decay occur?

Answer 6

Bacteria in mouth feed on food sugars + produce acid which erodes tooth enamel.

Question 7

Symptoms of iron deficiency anaemia?

Answer 7

Paleness, headaches, palpitations, sore gums, weakness, faintness + dizziness

Question 8

6 groups most at risk for anaemia?

Answer 8

Children, adolescents. pregnancy, women, older people, girls.

Question 9

Risk factors for iron deficiency anaemia?

Answer 9

Poor iron absorption (tannins in tea, medical conditions, phytates)
Pregnancy
Not enough iron in diet

Question 10

WHO definition of obesity?

Answer 10

Abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that may impair health

Question 11

6 risk factors for obesity?

Answer 11

Family history, metabolism, overeating, irregular meals, inactivity, medicines that cause weight gain

Question 12

Physical implications of obesity? (6)

Answer 12

CHD
Respiratory problems
Joint pain
Cancer
High BP
Sleep apnea

Question 13

Mental implications of obesity? (5)

Answer 13

Depression
Low self esteem
Anxiety
Relationship difficulties

Question 14

What is osteoporosis?

Answer 14

Occurs mainly in older women.

As bone tissue is lost, filaments become thinner and disappear leaving large holes causing weak, brittle bones.

Question 15

4 nutrients necessary for good bone health

Answer 15

Calcium
Vitamin D
Phosphorous
Protein

Question 16

Risk factors for osteoporosis?

Answer 16

Genetics
Diet low in CalDium
Age
Being female
Being underweight
Inactivity (lack of weight-bearing activity)
Smoking + high alcohol intake
Early meopause

Question 17

Portion size of cheese, yoghurt and milk?

Answer 17

C = 25g
Y = 125ml
M = 200ml

Question 18

Reduce risk of dental caries (4)

Answer 18

Good oral hygeine (brush + floss)
Diet (avoid snacks, more dairy, lots of water)
Dentist (every 6 months)
Fluoride (Protection) Too much - mottled tooth enamel

Question 19

Should infants under 12 months be given cows milk?

Answer 19

No!

Question 20

How does High BP increase CHD risk?

Answer 20

Hypertension. Pumping heart less effective. Increases heart attack/stroke risk. Abnormally large heart.

Question 21

How does high fat increase CHD risk?

Answer 21

Increases cholesterol.

Question 22

How does high salt increase CHD risk?

Answer 22

Increases BP which increases risk

Question 23

How does alcohol increase CHD risk?

Answer 23

Damages heart muscle. BP increases. Leads to weight gain.

Question 24

How does inactivity increase CHD risk?

Answer 24

Heart gets little exercise. Can’t function properly.

Question 25

How does diabetes increase CHD risk?

Answer 25

High blood sugar levels affect artery walls & increase BP + cholesterol

Question 26

How does smoking increase CHD risk?

Answer 26

Increases heart attack risk. Damages artery lining. Fatty deposits build up. Carbon monoxide reduces oxygen levels. Nicotine stimulates adrenaline, heart beats faster, high BP. Increases blood clot risk.

Question 27

What are GDAs?

Answer 27

Guideline Daily Amounts of nutrients required for a healthy diet.

Question 28

What are GDAs used for?

Answer 28

Help consumers make sense of nutritional information on food labels. Plan meals + create awareness. Help make appropriate dietary choices over a number of days/weeks.