Dietary Disorders Page 14 And Onwards

Question 1

What does strong bone health depend on

Answer 1

Good supply of calcium , vitamin D , phosphorus and protein

Question 2

What is peak bone mass

Answer 2

Refers to the stage which bone mass is at its strongest.

Question 3

When do you achieve peak bone mass

Answer 3

Age 18 for boys
Age 20 for girls
After this age bone mass gradually decreases and the risk of osteoporosis is increased

Question 4

How can you increase peak bone mass

Answer 4

Ensuring adequate intakes of vitamin d and calcium , regular intake of weight barring excerisee e.g dancing hockey , running .
Avoid smoking and limit drinking

Question 5

What are some good sources of calcium

Answer 5

Milk
Cheese
Yogurt

Question 6

Two non dairy foods which are good sources of calcium are

Answer 6

White flour
Pulses
Canned fish with bones and dried fruit

Question 7

Why vitamin D is important for healthy bones

Answer 7

It is required to help absorb calcium in food

Question 8

What is 3 good dietary source of vitamin D

Answer 8

Oily fish
Eggs
Dairy products

Question 9

Where is vitamin d made when it’s exposed to what?

Answer 9

Vitamin d is made under the skin when exposed to sun

Question 10

What is osteoporosis

Answer 10

A brittle bone disease which leads to fragile bones and increased risk of fractures. Most common in older woman .doesn’t have pain or obvious symptoms

Question 11

What are some dietary risk factors of osteoporosis

Answer 11

-lack of calcium in diet
-lack of vitamin d ( to absorb calcium)
-low body weight

Question 12

What are the lifestyle risk factors of osteoporosis

Answer 12

Smoking
Drinking alcohol excessively
Lack of weight bearing exercise e.g running , dancing , netball , rugby

Question 13

What are other risk factors of osteoporosis (non modifiable)

Answer 13

Being female
Getting older
Family history

Question 14

What are some things you can do to reduce developing osteoporosis is

Answer 14

Ensuring a diet rich in calcium e.g dairy products , green leafy veg
Take good amounts of Vitamin D e.g oily fish , cheese
Maintain healthy body weight
Deciding not to smoke
Reduce alcohol intake
Do weight bearing exercises

Question 15

During digestion our body producesss

Answer 15

Glucose (uses it for energy)

Question 16

What is diabetes

Answer 16

Is a condition in which the amount of sugar in the blood is too high for too long . Blood glucose levels are controlled by insulin which is produced by the pancreas. If not enough insulin is produced or it does not work properly , glucose levels rise and the individual will be diagnosed with diabetes

Question 17

Type 1 diabetes

Answer 17

This type of diabetes occurs when the body isn’t able to produce any insulin . It is managed by insulin injections and is usually diagnosed on people under 40

Question 18

What is type 2 diabetes

Answer 18

Occurs when the body produces some insulin but not enough it is controlled by diet and insulin tablets . Infections unlike type 1 often occurs in older people

Question 19

How much percent of people with diabetes have type 2

Answer 19

90%

Question 20

Why is the number of people with diabetes in the uk rising

Answer 20

It’s closely linked with obesity which is also on the increase
1. More leisure time spent on sedentary hobbies
2. Increased availability of fatty/sugary snacks , bigger portion sizes
3. Greater awareness of systems leading to an increased diagnoses

Question 21

What is the function of insulin in the body

Answer 21

Insulin allows the glucose in our blood to enter our cells and fuel our body

Question 22

Name the sugar which carbohydrates is broken down into during digestion

Answer 22

Glucose

Question 23

What organ releases insulin

Answer 23

The pancreas

Question 24

If insulin does not work properly , blood glucose levels will

Answer 24

Rise

Question 25

What are other symptoms of type two diabetes

Answer 25

Needing to urinate often feeling thirsty lose weight get infections easily

Question 26

What are long terms impacts of high glucose levels in the blood

Answer 26

Damage the nerves in the hands and feet, damage to the eyesight

Question 27

What are two ways to manage type two diabetes without the need for medication

Answer 27

Follow a healthy diet according to the eatwell guid and take the recommended amount of exercise

Question 28

What is coeliac disease?

Answer 28

It occurs hen the body reacts to a protein called gluten, It’s found in cereals such as wheat and barley . When they cannot tolerate the protein it means that the small villi in the small intestine are not formed properly. Therefore they can’t absorb nutrients properly

Question 29

What are villi like?

Answer 29

Villi are finger like protections which absorb nutrients efficiently But if u have coeliac disease they are short and stubby so they can’t absorb efficiently

Question 30

What are four cereal grains that contain gluten and where are they found

Answer 30

Wheat Barely Oats Rye These cereals are found in multiple in a wide variety of foods. E.g Pasta bread biscuits pies

Question 31

What are composite foods

Answer 31

Foods which are made up from a combination of ingredients e.g soup gravy sausages

Question 32

What are the symptoms of coeliac disease

Answer 32

Nausea Tiredness/constipation Reduced growth in children

Question 33

How do you manage coeliac disease

Answer 33

In order to manage the condition , the individual must remove gluten from there diet

Question 34

What are some gluten free foods

Answer 34

Rice nuts pulses potatoes Corn meat fish and poultry Fruit and veg