Dietary Supplements, Herbals, & Vitamins

Question 1

Dietary supplements are regulated by

Answer 1

DSHEA

Question 2

What is Co-Q10 used to treat

Answer 2

Cardiac conditions (arrhythmias, hypertension, CHF, ischemic heart disease), increase exercise tolerance, stimulate immune system

Question 3

In cranberry, what do proanthocynidins do?

Answer 3

May inhibit E. coli from adhering in the urinary tract thus limiting the ability of the bacteria to spread

Question 4

cranberry may lower

Answer 4

urine pH

Question 5

Fish oil, if taken with aspirin or plavix, what should be monitored

Answer 5

monitor for increased bruising or bleeding

Question 6

Garlic should be stopped how many days prior to any surgery to avoid what.

Answer 6

14 days prior to avoid excessive bleeding

Question 7

Ginko biloba indication

Answer 7

Used to treat Alzheimer’s disease- memory impairment, age related cognitive decline,
antioxidant/neuroprotective
asthma
anxiety/stress
vascular dementia- cerebrovascular insufficiency
claudication- circulatory disorders
tinnutis and vertigo

Question 8

Gingko counseling

Answer 8

Monitor for bruising and bleeding especially if taken with aspirin, warfarin, or antiplatelets
May interact with antidepressant medications

Question 9

Used for menopausal symptoms- hot flashes

Answer 9

Black cohosh

Question 10

What is raspberry ketones used for?

Answer 10

Weight loss/anti-obesity effects

Question 11

Vitamin A Function

Answer 11

Essential for normal growth and reproduction; may help improve dry eye and night blindness

Question 12

Potential causes of Vitamin A deficiency

Answer 12

Cancer
TB, pneumonia
UTI, nephritis
Fat malabsorption

Question 13

Vitamin A toxicity symptom

Answer 13

Hepatotoxicity

Question 14

Vitamin D toxicity

Answer 14

Tissue calcification & kidney stones

Question 15

Thiamin (Vitamin B1) deficiency causes

Answer 15

Inadequate diet
Alcoholism
Malabsorption, diarrhea
Mainly found in alcoholics

Question 16

Vitamin B2, Riboflavin, is important for the functioning of what?

Answer 16

Important for proper functioning of the CYP 450 enzyme system

Question 17

Riboflavin deficiency causes

Answer 17

Inadequate diet

Alcoholism

Question 18

Riboflavin toxicity ADR’s

Answer 18

Yellow-orange discoloration of the urine

Question 19

Niacin Uses

Answer 19

Hyperlipidemia, decrease TG’s, TC’s, LDL-c, and increase HDL-c

Question 20

How to decrease flushing in Niacin

Answer 20

Ibuprofen 200 mg to decrease symptoms or aspirin 81 to 325 mg

Question 21

Vitamin B6, Pyridoxine: Function

Answer 21

Serves as a cofactor for numerous enzymes

Question 22

Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine) uses:

Answer 22

Carpal tunnel syndrome
PMS
Depression
Migraine
Used as adjunctive treatment in LTBI (latent TB infection) treated with isoniazid

Question 23

Pyridoxine deficiency causes nad toxicity

Answer 23

Causes: Alcoholism
Severe diarrhea
Estrogens
Drugs- INH, Hydralazine
Toxicity: peripheral neuropathy

Question 24

Function of Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin)

Answer 24

Fat, protein, and carbohydrate metabolism

Maturation of RBC’s in connection with folic acid

Question 25

Folic Acid Deficiency

Answer 25

Drug induced: Methotrexate, Phenytoin | Neural Tube Defects: Spina Bifida

Question 26

Calcium Toxicity

Answer 26

Renal stones and damage, constipation

Question 27

Causes of Iron Deficiency

Answer 27

``` Inadequate diet (vegetarian) Malabsorption Pregnancy Blood loss Drugs: NSAIDS, Steroids, Anticoagulants ```