Dietetic Principles and Food as Medicine

Question 1

6 dietetic principles of western nutrition

Answer 1

adequacy, balance, energy, nutrient density, moderation, variety

Question 2

4 dietetic principles of holistic nutriton

Answer 2

1. optimise intake of beneficial substances and minimise exposure to harmful substances
2. Whole foods, less additives, processing and packaging
3. emotional and social needs and physiological needs
4. Environmental sustainability

Question 3

What does Reductionism mean?

Answer 3

Reductionism means an evidence based research breaking food down into nutrients and compounds and their metabolic and physiological effects on cells, humans and animals

Question 4

What does holism mean?

Answer 4

Holism is having a view of nutrition where all dietary patterns rather than isolated food groups are considered

Question 5

Advantages of reductionism?

Answer 5

When low on proteins, vitamins or minerals the simplified form can be taken. Allows for us to know specific effects of certain foods that change our body

Question 6

Disadvantages of reductionism?

Answer 6

• culture associates food with single nutrients - dairy
  and calcium
• oversimplification of good and bad foods
• aggressive marketing

Question 7

Advantages of holism?

Answer 7

• eating whole unprocessed foods

- diet specifically tailored to you

Question 8

EAR - Estimated Average Intake

Answer 8

Daily nutrient values of half the healthy individuals in population

Question 9

RDI - Recommended Daily Intake

Answer 9

Daily nutrient values of nearly all healthy individuals

Question 10

AI - Adequate Intake

Answer 10

Average daily intake based on observed estimates of intake by a group of apparently healthy people

Question 11

AMDR - Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range

Answer 11

Estimated intake of each macronutrient for individuals, whilst allowing adequate intake of all other nutrients

Question 12

SDT - Suggested Dietary Target

Answer 12

Daily intake of food for certain nutrients that may help prevention of chronic disease

Question 13

What does ‘therapeutic diet’ mean? (4)

Answer 13

It is the pathophysiology of different health conditions and effects of particular food on human biochemistry and physiology
e.g. anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, immune enhancing, diet for healthy liver

Question 14

What is chrononutrition?

Answer 14

It is a way of food rebalancing to control cholesterol metabolism, non-insulin dependant diabetes etc