Different Periods of Philippine Literature

Question 1

Identify the period of Philippine Literature based on the characteristics provided.
1. Based on oral traditions
2. Crude on ideology and phraseology

Answer 1

Pre-Colonial Period (BC to 1564)

Question 2

• type of oral literature in pre-colonial period
• battle of wits among participants

Answer 2

Riddles (bugtong)

Question 3

• type of oral literature in pre-colonial period
• wise sayings that contain a metaphor used to teach as a
  food for thought etc.

Answer 3

Proverbs (salawikain)

Question 4

• Oral literature, pre-colonial period
• a mono-riming heptasyllabic quatrain expressing insights and lessons on
  life, is “more emotionally charged than the terse proverb, and thus, hasaffinities with
  the folk lyric.”

Answer 4

Tanaga

Question 5

• Oral lit., pre-colonial
• It is a form of folk lyric which expresses the hopes and aspirations,
  the people’slifestyles as well as their loves. These are often repetitive and sonorous,
  didactic, and naive.

Answer 5

Folk Songs

Question 6

• Oral lit.
• lullaby

Answer 6

Hele or oyayi

Question 7

– 7-syllable per line poem that are about human
relationships and social entertainment

Answer 7

Ambahan (Mangyan)

Question 8

work songs that depict the livelihood of the peopled.

Answer 8

Kalusan (Ivatan)

Question 9

drinking song

Answer 9

Tagay (Cebuano and Waray)

Question 10

song of lamentation for the dead

Answer 10

Kanogan (Cebuano)

Question 11

explain how the world was created, how certain animals possess certain
characteristics, why some places have waterfalls, volcanoes, mountains, flora, or
fauna.

Answer 11

Myths

Question 12

explain the origin of things; examples are Why the Pineapple Has
Eyes and The Legend of Maria Makiling.

Answer 12

Legends

Question 13

use animal characters and allegory

Answer 13

Fables

Question 14

deal with underworld characters such as “tiyanak,” “aswang,”
“kapre,” and others.

Answer 14

Fantasy stories

Question 15

these are “narratives of sustained length based on oral tradition revolving
around supernatural events or heroic deeds.” (Arsenio Manuel)

Answer 15

Epics

Question 16

Examples: Lam-ang (Ilocano),Hinilawod (Panay),Kudaman (Palawan), and
Darangen (Maranao)

Answer 16

Epics

Question 17

Identify the period of Philippine Literature based on the characteristics provided.
1. It has two distinct classifications: religious and secular. It introduced Spanish as
the medium of communication.

Answer 17

SPANISH COLONIZATION PERIOD (1565 – 1863)

Question 18

Religious lyrics written by ladino poets or those versed in both Spanish and Tagalog were included in early catechism and were used to teach Filipinos the Spanish language.

Answer 18

Religious Literature

Question 19

long narrative poem about the passion and death of Christ. The most
popular was “Ang Mahalna Passion ni Jesu Cristong Panignoon Natin” by Aguino de
Belen

Answer 19

Pasyon

Question 20

– dramatization of the pasyon; it shows the passion and death of Christ

Answer 20

Senakulo

Question 21

colorful tales of chivalry made for singing and chanting

Answer 21

Awit

Question 22

metrical tale written in octosyllabicquatrains (a line of verse with eight
syllables)
Example: Florante at Laura by Francisco Baltazar

Answer 22

Korido

Question 23

– written to prescribe proper decorum
* Dialogo
* Ejemploii.Manual de Urbanidad
* Tratado

Answer 23

Prose Narratives

Question 24

Identify the period of Philippine Literature based on the characteristics provided.
1. Planted seeds of nationalism in Filipinos
2. Language shifted from Spanish to Tagalog
3. .Addressed the masses instead of the “intelligentsia”

Answer 24

Nationalistic/Propaganda and Revolutionary Period (1864 - 1896)

Question 25

Reformatory in objective

Answer 25

Propaganda Literature

Question 26

satires, editorials, and news articles were written to attack and expose the evils of Spanish rule

Answer 26

Political Essays

Question 27

Who founded Diariong Tagalog?

Answer 27

Marcelo del Pilar

Question 28

editor-in-chief was Graciano Lopez-Jaena

Answer 28

La Solidaridad

Question 29

Jose Rizal’s master pieces that paved the way to the revolution

Answer 29

- Noli me Tangere - El Filibusterismo

Question 30

more propagandistic than literary as it is more violent in nature and demanded complete independence for the country

Answer 30

Revolutionary Literature

Question 31

helped inflame the spirit of revolution

Answer 31

Political Essays

Question 32

– newspaper of the society, edited by Emilio Jacinto

Answer 32

Kalayaan

Question 33

Author of True Decalogue

Answer 33

Apolinario Mabini

Question 34

Author of Katapusan ng Hibik ng PIlipinas

Answer 34

Andres Bonifacio

Question 35

Author of Liwanag at Dilim

Answer 35

Emilio Jacinto

Question 36

Two periods in the American Colonial Period (1910 - 1945)?

Answer 36

- Period of Apprenticeship (1910 - 1930) - Period of Emergence (1920 - 1930)

Question 37

**What period of the American Colonial Period has the following characteristics?** 1. Filipino writers imitated English and American models. 2. Poems written were amateurish and mushy, whose phrasing and diction was awkward and artificial.

Answer 37

Period of Apprenticeship (1910 - 1930)

Question 38

This period of American colonization was highly influenced by Western literary trends like Romanticism and Realism.

Answer 38

Period of Emergence (1920 - 1930)

Question 39

This is period of American colonial period the most prevalent literary form

Answer 39

Short Stories

Question 40

He earned the international title “Poet of the Century”

Answer 40

Jose Garcia Villa

Question 41

JAPANESE OCCUPATION (_______ -_________ )

Answer 41

JAPANESE OCCUPATION (1942 -1945)

Question 42

- Tagalog poets broke away from the Balagtas tradition and instead wrote in simple language and free verse

Answer 42

JAPANESE OCCUPATION (1942 - 1945) War Years (1942-1944)

Question 43

Fiction prevailed over story

Answer 43

JAPANESE OCCUPATION (1942 - 1945)

Question 44

compilation of the entries to the short story contest by the military government.

Answer 44

25 Pinakamabuting Maikling Kathang Pilipino (1943)

Question 45

Suyuan saTubigan by__________________

Answer 45

- Macario Pineda

Question 46

Lupang Tinubuan by________________

Answer 46

Narciso Reyes

Question 47

Uhaw ang Tigang na Lupa by______________

Answer 47

Liwayway Arceo

Question 48

Bountiful harvest in poetry, fiction, drama, and essay

Answer 48

Period of Maturity and Originality (1945-1960)

Question 49

Filipino writers mastered English and familiarized themselves with diverse techniques

Answer 49

Period of Maturity and Originality (1945-1960)

Question 50

Literary “giants” appeared

Answer 50

Period of Maturity and Originality (1945-1960)

Question 51

Palanca Awards for Literature in Japanese Occupation (1942 -1945) are?

Answer 51

- Jose Garcia Villa. - Bienvenido Santos - Nick Joaqui - Gregorio Brillantes - NVM Gonzales. - Gilda Cordero Fernando

Question 52

National Artist Awards in Japanese Occupation(1942 -1945) are?

Answer 52

- Jose Garcia Villa - Nick Joaquin

Question 53

A. Characteristics 1. Americans came back to the Philippines in 1945, and there was a lot of palpable rejoicing among Filipinos. 2. Filipinos regained their freedom on July 4, 1946.

Answer 53

THE REBIRTH OF FREEDOM (1945 – 1970)

Question 54

Which Period of Philippine Literature is being described below? ““The early post-liberation period was marked by a kind of ‘struggle of mind and spirit’ posed by the sudden emancipation from the enemy and the wild desire to see print. Filipinos had, by this time, learned to express themselves more confidently, but post-war problems beyond language and print-like economic stability, the threat of new ideas, and mortality had to be grappled with side by side.” (Kahayon and Zulueta)”

Answer 54

State of Literature During this Period

Question 55

Examples of newspapers during the Rebirth of Freedom

Answer 55

A. Free Press B. Morning Sun of Sergio Osmeña, Sr. C. Daily News of Manuel Roxas D. Manila Times and Daily Mirror of Joaquin Roces E. Evening News of Ramon Roces F. The Philippines Herald of Andres Soriano, Sr. G. Chronicle of the Lopezes H. Bulletin of Menzi

Question 56

Examples of Writers and their books during the Rebirth of Freedom

Answer 56

A. The Voice of the Veteran by Amante Bigornia, Roman de la Cruz, Ramon de Jesus, and J. F. Rodriguez B. Twilight in Tokyo, and Passion and Death of the USAFFE by Leon Ma. Guerrero C. For Freedom and Democracy by S. P. Lopez D. Betrayal in the Philippines by Hernando Abaya E. Seven Hills Away by NVM Gonzales

Question 57

Examples of Poets and their Poems during the Rebirth of Freedom

Answer 57

A. Have Come, Am Here by Jose Garcia Villa B. Prose and Poems by Nick Joaquin C. Who Spoke of Courage in His Sleep by NVM Gonzales 15 D. Speak Not, Speak Also by Conrado V. Pedroche E. Philippine Harvest by Amador Daguio

Question 58

Novels and Short Stories in English during the Rebirth of Freedom

Answer 58

A. Without Seeing the Dawn by Stevan Javellana B. Pen Anthology of Short Stories (1958) by Francisco Arcellana C. The Hand of the Enemy (1961) by Kerima Polotan D. The Adversary (1968) and The Trail of Professor Riego (1969) by Luis V. Teodoro, Jr.

Question 59

Examples of Philippine Literature in Tagalog during the Rebirth of Freedom

Answer 59

A. Mga Piling Katha (1947-48) by Alejandro Abadilla B. Sining at Pamamaraan ng Pagaara lng Panitikan (1965) by Rufino Alejandro C. Manlilikha, Mga Piling Tula (1961-67) by Rogelio G. Mangahas D. Manunulat: Mga Piling Akdang Pilipino (1970) by Efren Abueg E. Mga Aklatni Rizal (Many books about Rizal were written by Filipino authors during this period.)

Question 60

The Palanca Memorial Awards for Literature is headed by?

Answer 60

Carlos Palanca Sr.

Question 61

When was The Palanca Memorial Awards for Literature launched?

Answer 61

1950

Question 62

When is the Contemporary Modern Period?

Answer 62

1970 - present

Question 63

PERIODS: - During this period, the youth became rebellious and expressed their emotions through literature, despite heavy censorship. - The seeds of activism resulted in the declaration of Martial Law by Pres. Ferdinand Marcos in 1972.

Answer 63

Contemporary/Modern Period

Question 64

This period in the Contemporary/Modern Period focused on development and progress themes, but was supervised by the military government.

Answer 64

The New Society period (1972-1980)

Question 65

Campus newspapers that showed rebellious emotions during the Contemporary/Modern Period

Answer 65

Kahayon and Zulueta

Question 66

Theaters used as a vehicle for protest

Answer 66

- PETA (Philippine Educational Theater Association) - UP Theater

Question 67

These are made up of stories about life, adventure, love , horror, and humor where one can derive lesson

Answer 67

Folk tales

Question 68

Long narrative poems in which a series of heroic achievements or events usually of a hero are dealt with at length

Answer 68

Epic age

Question 69

These are one of the oldest form Philippines literature that emerged in the pre Spanish period. These songs mirrored the early forms of culture many of these have 12 syllables

Answer 69

Folk songs

Question 70

The first Filipino alphabet, called ________

Answer 70

Alibata

Question 71

-The first filipino alphabet, called ALIBATA was replaced by the Roman alphabet Also, the teaching of the christian Doctrine became the basis of religious practices

Answer 71

Spanish Influences on Philippine Literature

Question 72

spanish influences on Philippine Literature -The first filipino alphabet, called________ was replaced by the _________ alphabet Also, the teaching of the christian Doctrine became the basis of religious practices

Answer 72

spanish influences on Philippine Literature -The first filipino alphabet, called "ALIBATA" was replaced by the "Roman" alphabet Also, the teaching of the christian Doctrine became the basis of religious practices

Question 73

True or False The Christian Doctrine became the basis of religious practices

Answer 73

True

Question 74

Example of folk songs?

Answer 74

- Leron -leron sinta - Pamulinawen

Question 75

Example of Folk tales?

Answer 75

- The moon and the sun

Question 76

What time period? Ibong Adarna

Answer 76

Spanish Colonial (1565 to 1898)

Question 77

What time period? Diariong Tagalog

Answer 77

Spanish Colonial (1565 to 1898)

Question 78

What time period? Biag-Ni-Lam-Ang

Answer 78

Pre-colonial (BC to 1564)

Question 79

When was Cory Aquino's speech delivered?

Answer 79

September 18, 1986.

Question 80

Where was Cory Aquino's speech delivered?

Answer 80

during the Joint Session of the United States Congress in Washington, D.C.

Question 81

Date of Ninoy Aquino's death

Answer 81

August 21, 1983

Question 82

When was Martial Law declared?

Answer 82

September 21, 1972