Differential Educational achievement Gender (External Factors) Flashcards
What are the four external factors for differential educational achievement?
- Feminism
- Changes in the family
- Changes in Women’s employment
- Changing Girl’s ambitions
Feminism
The feminist movement has improved the rights for women as well as raising expectations and self-esteem/motivation of women. Women are no longer strictly bound to the ‘Mother/Housewife Role’
IMPACT: SUE SHARP–> 70s aspirations were to start a family 90s aspirations became extremely ambitious and aimed to get high professions.
Changes in The family
Primary socialisation: Traditional ‘female socialisation’ is more suited to education than typical ‘Male’ socialisation
More lone parents families headed by women and duel earning families raises girls aspirations
IMPACT: Bedroom culture: (McRobbie) quiet, reading, submissive attitudes which are favoured in schools –> ideal pupil
Changes in women’s employment
Mitsos and Browne–> highlighted how the growing service sector has created more ‘feminised’ career opportunities for women eg. Health care, Hospitality, teaching
Equal pay act etc open up more opportunities for girls in
IMPACT: The changes have encouraged girls to see their future as more than housewives and mothers but having greater career opportunities and financial independence –> push girls to do well at school so they can achieve these career goals
Changes to girls ambitions
Decline of traditional gender roles- stay at home Dads, duel earning families
Individualism: Beck–> Independence is highly regarded in modern society in order to gain recognition and status
IMPACT: In order to achieve the desired goals of independence and self sufficiency girls now recognise the need for good education. Educational success becomes a central tenant to girls identity
Evaluation
Glass ceiling and Pay gap still exists
Traditional gender roles in regards to motherhood
Diane Reay: Class gender and ambition
Myth of Meritocracy
