Differentiating Characteristics Flashcards
Phase Transitions and Phase Diagrams (25 cards)
Homogeneous Mixture
Combinations of substances that have uniform compositions.
Heterogeneous Mixture
Different substances that can be in same or different phases.
Differentiating Characteristic
A property that can be used to identify a substance .
Intensive Properties
Differentiating characteristics that do not depend on the amount of the substance.
Extensive Properties
Differentiating characteristics that depend on the amount of the substance.
Intensive Properties Examples
Boiling Point, Melting Point, Density, Viscosity, Color, Temperature, Hardness, Malleability, Ductility, Solubility
Extensive Properties Examples
Volume, Mass, Size, Weight, Length
What differentiates a Temperature vs Time graph to an Energy vs Temperature graph?
The Temp. vs T graph has horizontal lines on the phase transitions and the E vs Temp graph has vertical lines on the phase transitions.
What is the liquid to gas phase transition called?
Vaporization
What is the gas to liquid phase transition called?
Condensation
What is the liquid to solid phase transition called?
Freezing
What is the solid to liquid phase transition called?
Melting
What is the solid to gas phase transition called?
Sublimation
What is the gas to solid phase transition called?
Deposition
Does melting, boiling, and sublimation require the addition or release of the energy?
Addition of energy
Do the reverse processes; solidification, condensation, and deposotion require the addition or release of energy?
Release of energy
In general, what happens to temperature as the a substance undergoes a phase transition?
The temperature remains constant while undergoing a phase transition.
In general, what happens to energy as a system undergoes a phase transition?
Energy either gets released or absorbed, depending on the substance.
True or False:
The larger the change in density induced by the phase transition, the larger the energy transfer.
True
What is a triple point?
A state in which the three different phases coexist which each other. Found on a phase diagram.
What is a critical point?
The point in a phase diagram in which the substance starts to become indistinguishable.
What is a supercritical fluid?
In a phase diagram, at temperatures and pressures higher than the critical point, the gas and liquid phases are indistinguishable from each other.
What is vapor pressure?
when a liquid enclosed in a sealed container evaporates to a certain extent producing vapor that exerts pressure on its surroundings.
In relation to vapor pressure, how does boiling occur?
Boiling occurs when the vapor pressure of a liquid becomes equal to the external pressure acting on the fluid, as the gas can then freely escape.
